Switchmode power supply handbook

Part I: Functions and Requirements Common to Most Direct-Off-Line Switchmode Power Supplies. Common Requirements: An Overview. AC Powerline Surge Protection. Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) in Switchmode Power Supplies. Faraday Screens. Fuse Selection. Line Rectification and Capacitor Input Filters for "Direct-Off-Line" Switchmode Power Supplies. Inrush Control. Start-Up Methods. Soft Start and Low-Voltage Inhibit. Turn-On Voltage Overshoot Prevention. Overvoltage Protection. Undervoltage Protection. Overload Protection. Foldback (Reentrant) Output Current Limiting. Base Drive Requirements for High-Voltage Bipolar Transistors. Proportional Drive Circuits for Bipolar Transistors. Antisaturation Techniques for High-Voltage Transistors. Snubber Networks. Cross Conduction. Output Filters. Power Failure Warning Circuits. Centering (Adjustment to Center) of Auxiliary Output Voltages on Multiple-Output Converters. Auxiliary Supply Systems. Parallel Operation of Voltage: Stabilized Power Supplies. Part II: Design: Theory and Practice. Multiple-Output Flyback Switchmode Power Supplies. Flyback Transformer Design. Reducing Transistor Switching Stress. Selecting Power Components for Flyback Converter. Self-Oscillating Direct-Off-Line Flyback Converters. Applying Current-Mode Control to Flyback Converters. Direct-Off-Line Single-Ended Forward Converters. Transformer Design for Forward Converters. Diagonal Half-Bridge Forward Converters. Transformer Design for Diagonal Half-Bridge Forward Converters. Half-Bridge Push-Pull Duty-Ratio-Controlled Converters. Bridge Converters. Low-Powered Self-Oscillaitng Auxiliary Converters. Single-Transformer Two-Transistor Self-Oscillating Converters. Two-Transformer Self-Oscillating Converters. The DC-to-DC Transformer Concept. Multiple-Output Compund Regulating Systems. DC-to-DC Switching Regulators. High-Frequency Saturable Reactor Power Regulators. Constant-Current Power Supplies. Variable Linear Power Supplies. Switchmode Variable Power Supplies. Switchmode Variable Power Supply Transformer Design. Part III: Applied Design. Inductors and Chokes in Switchmode Supplies. High-Current Chokes Using Iron Powder Cores. Choke Design Using Iron Powder Toroidal Cores. Switchmode Transformer Design: General Principles. Optimum 150-W Transformer Design Example Using Nomograms. Transformer Staircase Saturation. Flux Doubling. Stability and Control-Loop Compensation in SMPS. The Right-Half-Plane Zero. Current-Mode Control. Optocouplers. Ripple Current Ratings for Electrolytic Capacitors in Switchmode Power Supplies. Noninductive Current Shunts. Current Transformers. Current Probes for Measurement Purposes. Thermal Management. Part IV: Supplementary. Active Power Factor Correction.