A CATALOGUE OF ALL THE PLANTS INDIGENOUS, CULTIVATED IN, OR INTRODUCED TO BRITAIN. PART I. THE LINNEAN ARRANGEMENT, IN WHICH NEARLY 30,000 SPECIES ARE ENUMERATED: WITH THE SYSTEMATIC NAME AND AUTHORITY, ACCENTUATION, DERIVATION OF GENERIC NAMES, LITERAL ENGLISH OF SPECIFIC NAMES, HABIT, HABITATION IN THE GARDEN, INDIGENOUS HABITATION, NATIVE COUNTRY, YEAR OF INTRODUCTION, AND REFERENCE TO FIGURES: AN INTRODUCTION TO THE NATURAL SYSTEM, AND A GENERAL DESCRIPTION EDITED BY J. C. LOUDON, F. L., H., G., & Z. S. LONDON: PRINTED FOR LONGMAN, REES, ORME, BROWN, AND GREEN, PATERNOSTER-ROW. 1830. LIBRARY UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PREFACE. THE titlepage of this Catalogue indicates how much it is in advance of all that have been hitherto published; but there are some improvements in it not there stated, and others of which it may be requisite to give some explanation. The numeration of the species in the Linnean Arrangement, and the use of figures instead of letters in designating the varieties, are adopted with a view to facilitate the numbering of plants in gardens, of dried specimens in herbariums, of drawings, or of seeds. For the first purpose we have given an explanation of the Seton mode of cutting tallies (p. xxi.), by far the simplest and best for cutting with a knife on number sticks. The genera are numbered separately for the same purposes, and for more ready reference to the Linnean Arrangement from the Jussieuean, and to both Arrangements from the General Index. A star (*) before either the number of a species, or that of a genus, indicates that next in alliance to it there is an additional species or genus, or several additional species or genera, in the Supplement (p. 467, to p. 490). A section (§) indicates that the name has been changed, or that the genus or species has undergone some alteration in the Supplement. After the Natural Order two numbers are placed, as totals of species (e. g. sp. 4. — 10.); the first indicates the number of species in the Catalogue, the second the total number hitherto described by botanists. An accurate idea is thus given of what additions are to be expected to the British Hortus, in any genus of plants. The signs, used for the habits of plants (col. 3.), and those of their habitation and duration in the garden (col. 4.), explained in p. vii. viii., are improvements in botanical description by the Editor, first described in the Encyclopædia of Gardening in 1822, and applied in the Encyclopædia of Plants (1st edit. 1829). The twenty-three varieties of habit are indicated by figures of the plants themselves; as a tree for a tree, a shrub for a shrub, a climber or twiner for plants of these descriptions, a grass for a grass, a bulb for a bulb, a plant floating on water for an aquatic, &c., to recollect which requires no exertion of memory. A perennial is indicated by a triangle, ▲, the sign of the Trinity, and therefore connected with perpetual duration or eternity, instead of the old sign, 24 ; an annual remains a circle as before, O, because, among other reasons, gardeners sow patches of annual flowers in circles; and a biennial is a double circle, O, instead of the old sign, ♂. The bark stove is a parallelogram,, which may be considered as representing the section of a hot-house closed on all sides, to maintain the greatest degree of heat; the dry stove, three sides of a parallelogram,, to maintain the next degree of heat; the green-house two and a half sides of a parallelogram, , which figure may be considered as the section of a green-house; and the frame two sides of a parallelogram, 1, which may be supposed to resemble the section of a frame or pit. This explanation will assist the reader in recollecting these signs. By combining the signs of duration with those of habitation, A, A, O, Ɑl, &c., one column is made to serve the purpose of two. Thus, with these natural signs of habit, which amount to twenty-five, and of duration and habitation, which amount to nineteen, we have extended the power of this department of abridged botanical description from ten, the greatest number of signs, and these entirely arbitrary, that, we believe, has hitherto been used in botanical works, to fortyfour, and these all natural or characteristic, the number employed in this Catalogue. The systematic names are accented on a simple principle, which is explained in detail in p. viii. The derivations of the genera are given, and the specific systematic names literally translated, any explanatory words accompanying such translation being printed in Italic. Those names, whether of genera or species, which are commemorative, as Bánksia in honour of Sir Joseph Banks, are distinguished by having the subjoined letters in Italic where the rest of the word is in Roman, and in Roman where the rest of the word is in Italic, as Banksia; those which have been applied to plants by the classic writers of antiquity are distinguished by having the initial letter in Italic, as Pyrus, where the rest of the word is in Roman, and in Roman where the rest of the word is in Italic, as Pyrus. All words, generic or specific, of unknown derivation, or aboriginal names, are wholly in Italic or wholly in Roman, according to the letter in which the preceding or following matter may be printed, as Pædèria Língun Boj. or Pædèria Língun Boj. This mode of indication, which occurred to the Editor in 1826, was first exemplified in the second volume of the Gardener's Magazine, and, with the mode of accentuation adopted in this Catalogue, is continued in that magazine, and in the Magazine of Natural History, not only in the scientific names of plants, but in those of animals and minerals. Short Introductions are given to the Linnean and Jussieuean Systems, illustrated by |
