FOOLICONDA, a town of Yani, in Western Africa, on the northern side of the Gambia, sixty miles north-west of Pisania.

FOOL'STONES, n. s. A plant.

Sfoet

FOOSHT, an island in the Red Sea, situated, according to the observations of Mr. Bruce, in N. lat. 15° 59′ 43". It is described by him as about five miles long from north to south, though only nine in circumference. It is low and sandy in the south, but the north rises in a black hill of inconsiderable height. It is covered with a kind of bent grass, which never arrives at any great length, by reason of want of rain and the constant browsing of the goats. There are great appearances of the black hill having once been a volcano; and near the north cape the ground sounds hollow like the Solfaterra in Italy. The inhabitants are poor fishermen of a swarthy color, going almost naked. FOOT, n. s., v. n. & v. a. Sax. For; Scot. FOOT'ED, adj. fut; Gothic and FOOT'ING, n. s. Swed. fot, Dan. FEET, n. s. plural, foet; Teut. feus: FEET LESS, adj. qu. of Gr. πως ? The lower part; the base; that on or by which any body or thing is supported; the lowest member of the human frame; the end; the lowest part. It is applied to the practice of walking; and to the posture and action of those that walk. It is used in a military sense to designate infantry from cavalry, and in this application has no plural. Footing seems to have been once proverbially used for the level; the square; metaphorically designates state; character; condition; scheme; plan; settlement. It is used in the singular, to characterise one of a certain number of syllables, constituting a distinct part of a verse which are called feet. It is also used for a measure containing twelve inches; on foot, a phrase denoting walking as distinguished from riding or being conveyed. The verb differs little from the noun, except in the following instances: to dance; to tread wantonly; to trip. Footed signifies, shaped in the foot. Footing is ground for the foot; support; root; basis; place; possession; tread; walk; dance; steps; road; track; entrance; beginning; establishment; state; condition; settlement. The following are instances of its use in composition :

Foot and pace.

FOOT-MAN, n. s. Foot and man. A soldier belonging to the infantry, as distinguished from the cavalry; a domestic servant in or out of livery. One who practices to walk or run. FOOTMANSHIP, n. s. From foot-man. The art or faculty of a runner. FOOT-PACE, n. s. Part of a pair of stairs, whereon, after four or five steps, you arrive to a broad place, where you make two or three paces before you ascend another step, thereby to ease the legs in ascending the rest of the stairs; a pace no faster than a slow walk. FOOT-PAD, n. s. Foot and pad A highwayman, that robs on foot. FOOT-PATH, n. s.

Foot and path. A narrow way, which will not admit horses or carriages. FOOT-POST, n. s. Foot and post. A post or messenger that travels on foot. FOOT-STALL, n. s.

stirrup.

FOOTSTEP, n. s.

Foot and stall. A woman's

Foot and step. Impression left by the foot; hence trace; track-mark; print; impression, token, and evidence of any thing; To follow the footsteps of another is also to follow his example.

FOOT-STOOL, n. s.

FOOT-BALL, n. s. Foot and ball. A ball commonly made of a blown bladder, cased with leather, driven by the foot. The sport or practice of kicking the foot-ball.

FOOT-BOY, N. s. Foot and boy. A male domestic servant, usually in livery.

A

FOOT-BRIDGE, n. s. Foot and bridge. bridge on which passengers walk; a narrow bridge. FOOT-CLOTH, л. s. ter cloth.

Foot and cloth. A sump

FOOT-FIGHT, n. s. Foot and fight. A fight made on foot, in opposition to that on horseback. FOOT-HOLD, n. s Foot and hold. Space to hold the foot; space on which one may tread surely.

FOOT-LICKER, n. s. Foot and licker. A slave, a humble fawner: one who licks the foot.

Feet, in our English versifying, without quantity and joints, be sure signs that the verse is either born deformed, unnatural, or lame.

Ascham's Schoolmaster.

Stillingfleet.

What dismal cries are those? -Nothing; a trifling sum of misery, New added to the foot of thy account: Thy wife is seized by force, and borne away. Id. Set cloven stakes; and wond'rous to behold, Their sharpened ends in earth their footing place, And the dry poles produce a living race. Id. Virgil. This man's son would, every foot and anon, be taking some of his companions into the orchard. L'Estrange.

All fell to work at the roots of the tree, and left it so little foothold, that the first blast laid it flat on the ground.

Id.

Yet, says the fox, I have baffled more of them with my wiles and shifts than ever you did with your footmanship.

Id.

A man shall never want crooked paths to walk in, if he thinks that he is in the right way, wherever he has the footsteps of others to follow.

Locke.

All those sublime thoughts take their rise and footing here the mind stirs not one jot beyond those ideas which sense or reflection have offered. Id. Snouted and tailed like a boar, and footed like a goat. Grew.

What colour of excuse can be for the contempt with which we treat this part of our species, the negroes, that we should not put them upon the common foot of humanity, that we should only set an insignificant fine upon the man who murders them?

Addison.

Prior

Like footmen running before coaches, To tell the inn what lord approaches. When suffocating mists obscure the morn, Let thy worst wig, long used to storms be worn; This knows the powdered footman, and, with care, Beneath his flapping hat secures his hair. Gay. Let us turn our thoughts to the frame of our system, if there we may trace any visible footsteps of Divine wisdom and beneficence. Bentley's Sermons. And Sidney's verse halts ill on Roman feet. Pope. His brother's image to his mind appears, Inflames his heart with rage, and wings his feet with

Sacred Thespio! which in Sinai's grove "First took'st thy being and immortal breath, And vaunt'st thy offspring from the highest Jove, Yet deign'st to dwell with mortals here beneath, With vilest earth, and men more vile residing; Come holy Virgin, to my bosom gliding; With thy glad angel-light my blind-fold footsteps guiding. Fletcher's Purple Island. The trumpet sounds, your legions swarm abroad Through the ripe harvest lies their destined road; At every step beneath their feet they tread The life of multitudes, a nation's bread.

Cowper.

O'er her fair limbs convulsive tremors Beet, Start in her hands, and struggle in her feet ; In vain to scream with quivering lips she tries, And strains in palsied lids her tremalous eyes.

Darwin.

Tis necessary for the further daring Of our too needy army, that their chief Plant the first foot upon the foremost ladder's First step. Byron. Deformed Transformed. You may sometimes trace

A feeling in each footstep as disclosed By Sallust, in his Catiline, who chased By all the demons of all passions showed Their work even by the way in which he trode. Byron. Foor, in the Latin and Greek poetry, a measure composed of a certain number of long and short syllables. They are commonly reckoned twenty-eight of these some are simple, as consisting of two or three syllables, and therefore called dissyllabic or trisyllabic feet; others compound, consisting of four syllables, and therefore called tetrasyllabic feet. The dissyllabic feet are four in number, viz. the pyrrhichius, spondeus, iambus, and trocheus. See PYRKHIC, &c. The trisyllabic feet are eight in number, viz. the dactylus, anapæstus, tribrachys, molossus, amphibrachys, amphimacer, bacchius, and antibacchius. See DACTYLUS, &c. The tetrasyllabic are sixteen in number, viz. the procleusmaticus, dispondeus, choriambus, antispastus, diiambus, dichoreus, ionicus a majore, ionicus a minore, epitritus primus, secundus, tertius, and quartus, pæon primus, secundus, tertius, and quartus. See PROCLEUSMATICUS.

FOOT. See ANATOMY, Index.

FOOT, in measures, a division of length, containing twelve inches. See ARITHMETIC. The Roman foot was equal to about 965 of the English foot; the Ancona foot is 1-282 English; Bologna foot, 1-244; Brescia foot, 1.560; Ferrara foot, 1.317; Florence foot, 995; Geneva foot, 1919; Leghorn foot, 992; Milan decimal foot, 855; Modena foot, 2:081; Naples palm, 861; Paris foot, 1.066; Paris metre, 3281; Parma foot, 1869; Pavia foot, 1-540; Piacenza, same as the Parmese; Rhinland, 1.023 to 1-030; Rome foot, 966; Sienna foot, 1-239; Trent foot, 1-201; Turin foot, 1676; Venice foot, 1:137; Verona foot, 1·117; Vicenza foot, 1.136. The ancient Greek foot is eleven inches 875 of the English foot.

FOOT OF A HORSE, in the manege, the extremity of the leg, from the coronet to the lower part of the hoof. See FARRIERY.

FOOT, SOLID or CUBIC, is the same measure in all the three dimensions, length, breadth, and depth or thickness, containing 1728 cubic inches.

FOOT, SQUARE, is the same measure both in breadth and length, containing 144 square or superficial inches.

FOOTA JALLO, an extensive country of Western Africa, near the sources of the Gambia, the Rio Grande, and probably the Niger. It is computed to be 350 miles from east to west, and 200 from north to south. The climate is good, and parts of it are extremely fertile. The objects of cultivation are rice and maize, which are both raised and carried to market by females.

The hilly grounds afford pasture to sheep. They also contain iron stone, which is dug and manufactured. The mines are deep, and worked with long galleries or horizontal passages, having openings for the admission of air. Here too the women are said chiefly to perform the labor. The inhabitants are Foulabs, and have numerous mosques. Their houses are detached, neat, and convenient. In the towns are manufactories of narrrow cloth, workmen in iron, silver, wood, leather, &c. Many of the natives undertake long commercial journeys, and are acquainted both with Cassina and Tombuctoo, with which there is a free communication by journey of four months. The principal towns are Teemboo and Laby, the former containing 7000, and the latter 5000 inhabitants

FOOTA TORRA, a country of Western Africa, between the higher parts of the Senegal and Gambia; to the west of Bondou. It is extensive, and occupied by Foulahs, but is little known. The king is said to be a zealous Mahommedan; and Park, in returning from his first journey, received accounts of a species of crusade in which he had engaged against his western neighbour, the damel of the Jaloffs, with a view to compelling him to embrace Mahommedanism. The latter, however, carried on a harassing warfare, cutting off his supples, and, having thus reduced his force, surprised and took him prisoner. After compelling him to labour as a slave for three months, however, he restored him to his kingdom.

FOOTE (Samuel), was born at Truro, in Cornwall, and descended from a very ancient family. His father was M. P. for Tiverton, in Devonshire, and commissioner of the prize office and fine contract. Through his mother's relations, Foote became possessed of a considerable part of the Goodere estate, which was worth rather more than £5000 a-year.' He was educated at Worcester College, Oxford, and, on leaving the university, commenced student of law in the Temple; but as the dryness of this study did not suit the liveliness of his genius, he soon relinquished it. He married a young lady of a good family and fortune; but the connexion was not productive of happiness. He now launched into gaming and all the fashionable follies of the age; and in a few years spent his whole fortune. His necessities led him to the stage, and he made his first appearance in Othello. But as Mr. Foote was never a distinguished actor in the plays of others, his salary was very unequal to his gay and extravagant turn: and he contracted debts which forced him to take refuge within the verge of the court. On this occasion, he relieved his necessities by the following stratagem :-Sir Francis Delaval had long been his intimate friend, and had dissipated his fortune by similar extravagance. A lady, who was likewise an intimate acquaintance of Foote's, and who was exceedingly rich, was fortunately at that time bent upon a matrimonial scheme. Foote strongly recommended to ker to consult upon this momentous affair the conjurer in the Old Bailey, whom he represented as a man of surprising skill and penetration. He employed an acquaintance of his own to per

sonate the conjurer; who depicted Sir Francis at full length; described the tim: when, the place where, and the dress in which she would see him. The lady was so struck with the coincidence of every circumstance, that she married Delaval in a few days. For this service Sir Francis settled an annuity upon Foote, which enabled him once more to emerge from obscurity. In 1747 he opened the little theatre in the Haymarket, taking upon himself the double character of author and performer; and appeared in a dramatic piece of his own composing, called the Diversions of the Morning. This piece consisted of nothing more than the exhibition of several characters well known in real life; whose manner of conversation and expression Foote very happily hit off in his drama, and still more happily represented on the stage. In the concluding part of his speech, under the character of a theatrical director, Mr. Foote took off, with great humor and accuracy, the styles of acting of every principal performer on the English stage. This entertainment at first met with some opposition; but Foote being patronised by many of the nobility, and other persons of distinction, the opposition was over-ruled: and, having altered the title of his performance, he proceeded, without further molestation, to give Tea in a Morning to his friends, and represented it through a run of forty mornings to crowded and splendid audiences. The ensuing season he produced another piece which he called An Auction of Pictures. This piece also had a great run. His Knights, which was the produce of the ensuing season, was a performance of somewhat more dramatic regularity. His dramatic pieces, exclusive of the interlude called Piety in Pattens, are, Taste, The Knights, The Author, The Englishman in Paris, The Englishman returned from Paris, The Mayor of Garrat, The Liar, The Patron, The Minor, The Orators, The Commissary, The Devil upon Two Sticks, The Lame Lover, The Maid of Bath, The Nabob, The Cozeners, The Capuchin, The Bankrupt, and an unfinished comedy called the Slanderer. In 1766, being on a party of pleasure with the then duke of York, lord Mexborough, and Sir Francis Delaval, Mr. Foote broke his leg, by a fall from his horse; in consequence of which he suffered an amputation. The duke on this occasion obtained for Mr. Foote a patent for life; whereby he was allowed to perform at the little theatre in Haymarket, from the 15th May to the 15th Septen.ber, every year. He now became a greater favorite of the town than ever: his laughable pieces, with his more laughable performance, constantly filled his house; and his receipts were in some seasons almost incredible. Parsimony was never one of his vices; his hospitality and generosity were ever conspicuous; he was visited by the first nobility, and he was sometimes honored even by royal guests. In the midst of this success an attack was made upon his character by a villainous domestic, whom he had dismissed for misbehaviour; and though he was honorably acquitted of the crime imputed, it was thought that the shock which he received from it accelerated his death. Mr. Foote on the decline of his health, entered into an agreement

VOL. IX.

with Mr. Colman, for his patent of the theatre; according to which he was to receive from the latter £1600 a-year, besides a stipulated sum whenever he chose to perform. Mr. Foote made his appearance two or three times in some of his most admired characters; but was suddenly affected with a paralytic stroke one night whilst upon the stage, and compelled to retire. Being advised to bathe, he repaired to Brighton, where he recovered his health and spirits, and a few weeks before his death returned to London: but, by the advice of his physicians, set out with an intention to spend the winter at Paris and in the south of France. At Dover he was suddenly attacked by another stroke of the palsy, which in a few hours terminated his existence, on the 21st of October, 1777, in the fifty-sixth year of his age. He was privately interred in the cloisters of Westminster Abbey. Foote has often been styled the English Aristophanes; and a better proof of his coinic powers cannot, perhaps, be needed than the following anecdote from Bos well's Life of Johnson. The first time,' says Dr. Johnson, 'I was in company with Foote, was at Fitzherbert's. Having no good opinion of the fellow, I was resolved not to be pleased; and it is very difficult to please a man against his will. I went on eating my dinner pretty sullenly, affecting not to mind him; but the dog was so very comical, that I was obliged to lay down my knife and fork, throw myself back in my chair, and fairly laugh it out. Sir, he was irresistible.'

The

FOOT-HALT, a disorder incident to sheep. It takes its source from an insect, which, when it comes to a certain maturity, resembles a worm of two, three, or four inches in length. The first appearance of this malady is, when the sheep gives signs of lameness, which increases to so high a degree as to prevent grazing; when, with want of sufficient food, and pain, the poor animual suffers greatly, and lingers till it dies, if not cured by extracting the insect or worm. sooner this is done the better, as it is easily performed. As soon as the lameness is perceived, let the foot that is lame be examined between the close of the claws, and it will be found that in the skin where the close separates is a small hole (not natural), through which the insect, when yet small, gets its entrance, and by degrees has worked itself upwards along the leg, between the outward skin and bone, and obtains its largest magnitude. Proportionally it finds its nourishment, when it is left undisturbed. This worm must be extracted by moving the claws backward and forward in contrary directions; when the under part of the worm will soon make its ap pearance at the above-mentioned small hole, and continuing the same operation of moving the claws, the whole worm will work itself out. is better than at its first appearance to draw it out with danger of breaking off; lest part of it should remain in the sheep's leg, and, by rotting there, prove hurtful. This easy operation will be effectual without any application whatever, and the channel, which the worm had made along the leg, will cure of itself. This malady is in some years more prevalent than in others, particularly in wet seasons; and is oftener ob

2 D

This

served to begin in spring and autumn than in summer and winter; notwithstanding sheep suffer more by the wet in winter than in any of the other seasons. In high grounds they are less

liable to it than in low marshy and meadow grounds.

A word probably made by chance, and therefore without etymology, says Dr. Johnson: but there

FOP, n. s. FOP-DOODLE, n. s. FOP'PERY, n. s. FOP PISH, adj. FOP'PISHLY, adv. is a regular Teut. subFOP PISHNESS, n.s. stantive fop (Belg. vop); FOP PLING, n. s. from which it is clearly derived. A simpleton; a coxcomb; a man of small understanding and much ostentation; a pretender; a man fond of show, dress, and Autter; an impertinent: foppery is derived from fop, and signifies that kind of folly which displays itself in dress and manners: to be foppish is to be fantastically and affectedly fine; vain; ostentatious; showy, and ridiculous: foppling is the diminutive of fop, a fool half grown; a stunted and insignificant coxcomb; a thing without species or gender, that endeavours to attract admiration to its pretty person, its pretty dress, &c. In composition it makes fop-doodle, a fool double distilled; one that provokes ridicule and contempt, who thrusts himself into danger with no other chancethan a sound beating for his pains.

Let not the sound of shallow foppery enter My sober house. Id. Merchant of Venice.

I was three or four times in the thought they were not fairies; and yet the guiltiness of my mind, the sudden surprise of my powers, drove the grossness of the foppery into a received belief, in despight of the teeth of all rhyme and reason, that they were fairies. Id. Merry Wives of Windsor. Where sturdy butchers broke your noddle, And handled you like a fopdoodle. Hudibras,

When such a positive abandoned fop,
Among his numerous absurdities,
Stumbles upon some tolerable line,
I fret to see them in such company.

ve had to-day a dozen billet-doux,

Roscommon.

m fops, and wits, and cits, and Bow Street beaux; Some from Whitehall, but from the Temple more, A Covent Garden porter brought me four. Dryden. The leopard's beauty, without the fox's wit, is no better than a fop in a gay coat. L'Estrange.

The Romans grew extremely expensive and foppish; so that the emperor Aurelian forbid men that variety of colours on their shoes, allowing it still to women. Arbuthnot.

I wish I could say quaint fopperies were wholly absent from graver subjects. Swift.

But though we fetch from Italy and France Our fopperies of tune and modes of dance Our sturdy Britons scorn to borrow sense.

Granville.

Thy works in Chloe's toilet gain a part, And with his taylor share the foppling's heart.

Tickell. You would know who is rude and ill-natured, who

is vain and foppish, who lives too high, and who is in debt.

FOR, prep.. and conj. Sax. Foɲ. Dr. Johnsɔa says preposition. Junius derives it from the Greek Too, transposing the p and changing into F. Skinner and Tyrwhitt from the Latin pro. Mr. Horne Tooke from the Gothic noun fairing, cause. I imagine,' observes Mr. Tooke, the word for (whether denominated preposition, conjunction, or adverb) to be a noun, and to have always one and the same single signification, viz. cause, and nothing else. Though Greenwood attributes to it eighteen, and S. Johnson forty-six different meanings; for which Greenwood cites above forty, and Johnson above 200 instances. But, with a little attention to these instances, you will easily perceive, that they usually attribute to the preposition the meaning of some other words in the sentence';-vide Diversions of Purley, p. 345. We are, speaking generally, of Mr. Tooke's opinion as to this word: but the instances of Dr. Johnson will fully illustrate both his definitions, and this more simple one of Mr. Tooke's. We therefore subjoin them, with some few additions and rectifying the chronology.

For as much as it is a fundamental law in the Turkish empire, that they may, without any other provocation, make war upon Christendom for the propagation of their laws; so the Christians may at all times, as they think good, be upon the preven tion. Id. War with Spain. Let no man, for his own poverty, become mora oppressive in his bargains; but quietly recommend his estate to God, and leave the success to him. Taylor.

I but revenge my fate; disdained, betrayed, And suffering death for this ungrateful maid.

Dryden.

Sole on the barren sands, the suffering chief Roared out for anguish, and indulged his grief.

Id.

Children, discountenanced by their parents for any fault, find a refuge in the caresses of foolish flatterers.

Locke.

A sound mind in a sound body is a short but full description of a happy state in this world: he that has these two has little more to wish for, and he that