Crindstone Boxes.

Wm. Sellers & Co Philadelphia, Pa............ See Page 64
s Clun Powder.
Laflin & Rand Powder Co........ * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *New York. See Page next to Back Cover.
- . . Cutta Percha.
Bishop Gutta Percha Works New York..................... See Page 34
Geo. W. Mowbray .........................................North Adams, Mass....... “ 82
Geo H. Bliss & Co Chicago, Ill.................... “ 146
Bishop Gutta Percha Works.......................... New York..................... See Page 43
Cutta Percha Pipe—For Water, Beer, Soda, or Acid.
Bishop Gutta Percha Works New York..................... See Page 34
Harmrmer Dies.
The Atlas Works.......................................... Pittsburgh, Pa............... See Page 172
Hannnners,
England & Bindley....................................... Pittsburgh, Pa............... See Page 162
Hermann Boker & Co • * c e s is s s New York............ See Pages 152, 154
Nelson Tool Works * { % * ....................... See Page 30
Pratt & Co......... Buffalo, N. Y.................. {{ 132
Tyng & Co......... New York...... ............... “ 260
Wm. Green & Co........ • * e o e s e o e o 'o e o 'o - - - - * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Wilmington, Del............ {{ 248

HEMPEN ROPES AND CABLES-SAFE LOADS.
(From Haslett.)
ROPES.
To find the Strain that may be applied to a Hempen Rope with Safety.

Circumference. Pounds. Circumference. Pounds. Circumference. Pounds.

1 ...... 200 3% ...... 2450 6 ...... 7200 % ...... 312 % ...... 28 2 % ...... 7812 % ...... 450 4 ...... 32 () ão e e o e o 'o 845() % ...... 612 *4 ...... 3612 % ...... 9112

2 ...... 800 % to o 'o e - te 4050 7 ...... 98.00 % ...... 1012 § ... to % ...... 105}2 % * * * * * * 1250 5 ...... 5000 Ž% e - e o o o 112 0 3% . 1512 % ...... 5512 % ...... H2012

3 ...... 1800 % to e o e o & 6050 8 ...... 12800 % ...... 2112 24 - - - - - - 6612

CABLEs.

To find the Strain that may safely be applied to a good Hempen Cable. Circumference. Pounds. (Circumference. Pounds. Circumference. Pounds.

6 • * * * * * 4320 10% ...... 12607 14% ...... 25230 % ...... 46-7 # “. 13230 % ...... 26107 % ...... 5070 % ...... 13867 15 ...... 27000 % ...... 54.67 11 ...... 14520 % ...... 27907 7 • - - - e. e. 5880 % ...... 15187 % ...... 28830 % ...... o, #3 “... 15870 % ...... 297.67 # “... so % ...... 16567 16 ...... 30720 % ...... 72)7 12 ...... 17280 % ...... 31687 8 ...... 7680 % ...... 18007 % ...... 32670 #4 ... 8167 *% ...... 18750 % ...... 33667 • * * * * * 8670 % ...... 19507 17 ...... 34680 4 ...... 9187 13 ...... 20280 % ...... 35707 9 e - e. e. e. e. 97.20 % ...... 21067 # “... 36750 % ...... *10267 #6 ". 21870 % ...... 37807 1 • * ~ * ~ * 10830 % ...... 22687 18 to e e o 'o e 38880 A • * * * * * 11407 14 ...... 23520 % ...... 39967 10 ...... 12000 - % ...... 24367

To Ascertain the Strength of Cables.—Multiply the square of the circumference o by 120, and the product is the weight the cable will bear in pounds, with safety. To Ascertain the Strength of Ropes—Multiply the square of the circumference in inches by 20', and it gives the weigth the rope will bear in pounds, with safety. To Ascertain the Weight of Manilla Ropes and Hawsers.-Multiply the square of the circumference in inches by .03, and the product is the weight in pounds of a foot in length. - - This is but an approximation, sufficiently correct for many purposes.

S. M. AIKMAN & CO.,
261 PEARL ST., NEW YORK.

Hand Forcing Machines.

Wm. Sellers & Co Philadelphia, Pa............ See Page 64
Hand Lannps,
S. M. Aikman & Co....................................... New York..................... See Page 114
Hand Lathese
Wm. Sellers & Co.......................................... Philadelphia, Pa............ See Page 64
Hand Punches.
Biddle Manufacturing Co............................... New York..................... See Page 12
. . - Hand Shears.
Biddle Manufacturing Co.............................. New York.................... See Page 12
Hand Stannps.
Mathiesen & Schrader New York..................... See Page 82
Hangers, &c. .
Buffalo Machinery Agency............................ Buffalo, N. Y.................. See Page 160
Geo. W. Cresson ... Philadelphia, Pa.............. $4 138
J. S. Mundy............... * e o e o e s e e s e e s e o e s e e o e s e o e o e e s so e o is e e Newark, N. J............... 3° e {{ 226
R. L. Howard & Son............. * * g o os e o os o is e o e o s o os o is to e o s eBuffalo, N. Y.................. ${ 40
Wm. Sellérs & Co............ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Philadelphia, Pa............ to £ 64
See also, Shafting.
Hardware.
Biddle Manufacturing Co.............................. New York..................... See Page 12
D. Brewer & Co..............‘.............................. Philadelphia, Pa............ 66 246
England & Bindley....................................... Pittsburgh, Pa............... $6 I62
G. B. Walb idge...... New York.................... § { 130
Geo. Worthington & Co..................... .......... Cleveland, Ohio.............. {{ 100
H. B. Newhall, Agent................ * e o so e o e g o e s is e e s e e o a New York...................... “ 166
Hermann Boker & Co.......................... • - - - - - - - - - {{ “. .............. See Pages 152, 154
Sidney She, ard & Co..................................... Buffalo, N. Y.................. See Page 196
Hard Wood Doors,
Joseph Churchyard...... ................................ Buffalo, N. Y................. See Page 160
Harness.
C. M. Moseman & Bro.................. * e o te to to $ e o $ to o e o 'o o to e New York.......... * * * g g g o e s ∈ 2 See Page 226

EFFECT OF HEAT UPON VARIOUS BODIES.
(Condensed from Haswell.)
Wedgewood's zero is 1077° of Fahrenheit, and each degree = 130°.

In the designation of the degrees of temperature, the symbol + is omitted when the temperature is above 0; but when it is below, the symbol — is prefixed.

Degrees. Degrees.

Ammonia Boils....... ë e o e e s e s a to o e o e o os e e o e 140 Iron, bright red in the dark........ 752 Ammonia (liquid) freezes............. —46 “ red hot in twilight.............. 884 Antimony melts............... * to e o e o so to e e 951 | Lead melts 504 Arsenic melts.............................. 365 || Mercury boils.............................. 662 Bismuth melts................ ë e g o e o os e e o e e 476 66 Volatilizes..................... 680 B.ood (human) heat of.............. to e e 98 66 melts —39 $6 { % freezes................. 25 | Naptha boils......................... to go to p & © 186 Brandy freezes... –7 | Petroleum boils..................... ...... 306 Brass melts * * * 1900 | Platinum melts 3080 Cadmium melts......... to e o so o to $ to o e o $ to £ to $ to 600 | Potassium melts 135 Coal Tar boils 325 | Proof Spirit freezes................ ...... —7 Cold, greatest artificial................. –166. | Saltpetre melts 600 “ greatest natural........... ....... —56 Sea-water freezes w 28 Common Fire 790 || Silver (fine) melts....................... . T250 Copper melts............ .................. 2548 Snow and Salt, equal parts........ to e 9 0 Glass melts.............. to e e s to o it s = e o e o e ..... 2377 Spirits of Turpentine freezes......... 14 Gold (fine) melts 2590 | Steel melts 2500 Gutta-percha softens.................... 145 “ polished, blue..................... 580 Heat, cherry red......................... 1500 £6 & 4 Straw color....... ... 460 66 “ (Daniell)............ 1141 | Stron r Wines freeze.................... 20 “ bright red............. ............. 1860 | Sulphur melts............................ . 226 “ red visible by day............... 1077 | Sulph. Acid (sp. grav. 1.641) freezes — 45 ** white .......... 2900 | Tin melts........ * @ e o & to to $ e g o so go & o os e o e o e o & e o go to e 421 Ice melts.................................... 32 || Winous fermentation............ 60 to 77 Iron (cast) melts 3479 Water, in vacwo boils................... 98

“ (Wrought) melts................... 3980 Zinc melts................. to so e < * * * * * * © e o 'o $ $ to 740

Fulton's Bell & Brass Foundry, 91 First Avenue & 70 Second Avenue,

Car Bearings, Brass Castings,
Babbitt Metal, S, eam Gaatges,
Globe and Angle Valves,

AND DEALERS IN

to SEND FOR CATALOGUE. -&

Harrow Teeth.

Hermann Boker & Co........ ..... .........New York............ See Pages 152, 154
Hasps.
D. Brewer & Co................. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * s so e e o e s s Philadelphia, Pa............ See Page 246
Hassocks—Carpet.

New York Ottoman & Hassock Co.................. New York..................... See Page 236
Geo. Drake Smith.......................................... Philadelphia, Pa...... to t e o 'o - & 6 246

Head Lannps and Lights. g L. G. Tillo'son & Co................ • * - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -New York................ . ... See Page 94 Radley & McAlister Manufacturing Co........... {{ “........................ { % 250 Wose, Dinsmore & Co {{ “..................... .. 6& 60 Wm. B. Browne & Co.......................... 4 & “ ...................... “ 266

Head Light Oil.

F. S. Pease........ Buffalo, N. Y.................. See Page 100 Wm. B. Browne & Co.................................... New York...................... & 9 266

BAR AND SHEET COPPER.
Weight in Pounds.

i- o o e $o - e o •. § 3 ; ; ; ; : ## 138 : § 5 go # * ; : To 3.9 £o So C 43 : Trio go o S$ 3 po & § 3 - po H Pa.; # 5 - * so j H : ; H # 9 9 --> "C 4-> ## E 3 go 9 +, oc --> * > ... Q2 ot #3 o 8 2 | to d) * : 3 : 9 § a d) & & 3 ; 5 of 5 ... GE Co 3 3 - O #33 #5, #8, #F | #3 & #5, #3, 55. F P 2. &O 02 r- P4,- 3 - 2. (O. to - R* → % ...... 2.88 ...... .015 ...... .011 | 1% ...... 49. ...... 4.35 ...... 3.41. % ....., 5.75 ...... .06 ...... 046 | 1% ...... 52. ...... 4.86 ...... 3.85 ...... 8.65 ...... .134 ...... 105 | }.A ....... 54.9 ...... 5.40 ...... 4.29 ; :... 1ī; ... ?:, ... iś £ . 57.65 ...... 6. ...... 4.73 % * * * * * * 14.36 ...... .375 ...... .295 % © e o 'o - © 60.5 ...... 6.6\ ...... 5.20 e ‘o e o to o .#: “... }. ... }} | { ... ; ... }, ...... 379 so ...... 20.19 ...... 735 ...... 575 | }{6 ...... 66.35 ...... 7.90 ...... 6.28 % “... ::1 ..." io9 “. | | }, ... }, ... , 8.64 ...... 6.80 §. . . . 1.21 ...... 35 | }. . . ; is . 9.28 ...... 7.30 % ...... 28.85 ...... 1.51 ...... 1.17 | 3% ...... 75.1 ...... 10 15 ...... 8 # ..." 31.68 ...... 1.81 ...... 1.42 ...... 77.95 ...... 10.95 ...... 8.6 % “... 34.57 ...... 2.15 ...... 1.7 % “.... 80.75 ...... 11.70 ...... 9.24 # ...... 37.46 ...... 2.54 ...... 2. # ... : :"... 12.60 ...... 9.85 % ...... 40.39 ...... 2.95 ...... 2.3 76 ..... 86.58 ...... 13.46 ...... 10,55 # ...... 43.27 ...... 3: ... 2.4 # . 89.45 ...... 14.35 ...... 11.25 1 ...... 46.15 ...... 3.84 ...... 3.01 || 2 ...... 92.25 ...... 15.35 ...... 12. BAR AND SIIEET LEAD. Weight in Pounds. * - so +3 2 to sh 5 = 3; +s sh so .# g; # ##|...} : ; ; ; ; ; § 3.5 :- |- ** | #33 :- H Pali Q) Q) --> q) ~$o --> 5 §" : 9 § 3 33 || 5 go. # 2 § 5 ‘E 3 * 5 ; * 3 § 5 = 3 | # 5 of £ 3 3 : F3 O ; :: à 3. E.- SH | E33 ã ž. E.R. o ot. F P 2. C/2 02 – sa,— = R Z. CA to r- Ps, i. % ...... 3.71 ...... .02 ...... .014 || 1% ...... 63.2 5.6 ...... 4.4 % o e o e o 'o 7.43 ...... # . . ; - - - - - - 66.87 ...... 6.26 ...... 4.91. to a c e o 'o - ... ... • * * * * * * .175 ...... .1 ...... 7051 ...... 6.98 ...... 5.5 * ... 14.08 ...... .3i ... .245 so ... 74.35 ...... .74 ...... 6.1 % to o e o & on 18.05 ...... .486 ...... .38 % - - - - - - 78.05 ...... 8.55 ...... 6.73. ; : #02 ... . ... };} | * ~~~ 81.76 ...... .38 ...... 7.38 so ...... 26. ...... .948 ...... § £ . 85.48 ...... 10.18 ...... 8.05 % ..... . 29.75 ...... 1.25 ...... * | *% “... 89.28 ...... 11.0 ..... 8.75 16 -- - - - - 33.49 ...... 1.55 ...... 1.24 § • * * * ~ * 3. ...... 12.05 ...... 9.50 % ------ 37.18 ...... 1.95 ...... 1.51 | }, ...... 96.78 ...... 13.15 ...... 10.25 # ...... 40.87 ...... 2.33 ...... 1.85 # ......100.5 ...... 14.15 ...... 11.06 % “... ; “... 2.8 ...... 2.2 || 34 ......104.1 ...... 15.18 ...... II.88 # “... o. ... 3.28 ...... 2.58 # - - - - - - 107.8 ...... 16.30 ...... 12.76 % ...... 52.12 ...... 3.8 ...... 2.98 || 76 ......112.3 ...... 17.45 ...... T3.66 § ... so ... .35 ... 3 ti | # ...iit. ... is to ... i. l e e o e o e 59.48 • * * * * * 4.95 • * * * ~ * 3.9 2 ......119,6 • e o e o e 19.78 to e o e o 'o 15.58.