Nature's Flyers: Birds, Insects, and the Biomechanics of FlightJHU Press, 17.11.2004 - 358 Seiten Selected by Choice Magazine as an Outstanding Academic Title for 2003 David E. Alexander's fascination with the many animals and plants that have harnessed the air is evident in Nature's Flyers: Birds, Insects, and the Biomechanics of Flight, a detailed account of our current scientific understanding of the primary aspects of flight in nature. Instead of relying on elaborate mathematical equations, Alexander explains the physical basis of flight with sharp prose and clear diagrams. Drawing upon bats, birds, insects, pterosaurs, and even winged seeds, he details the basic operating principles of wings and then moves progressively through more complex modes of animal flight, including gliding, flapping, and maneuvering. In addition to summarizing the latest thinking about flight's energy costs, Alexander presents a holistic view of flight and its ramifications as he explores the ecology and evolution of flying animals, addressing behaviorally important topics such as migration and navigation. With somewhat surprising answers, the author then concludes his study by examining the extent to which natural flight has been inspiring or instructive for the architects of human flight—airplane designers and engineers. |
Inhalt
ONE Introduction | 1 |
TWO How Wings Work | 8 |
THREE Gliding and Soaring | 36 |
FOUR Flapping and Hovering | 70 |
FIVE Staying on Course and Changing Direction | 111 |
SIX Fueling Flight | 140 |
SEVEN Evolving Flyers | 165 |
NINE Finding the Way | 242 |
TEN The Global Impact of Animal Flight | 261 |
ELEVEN Have the Birds and Bees Taught Us Anything Useful? | 288 |
Notes | 311 |
Glossary | 323 |
Bibliography | 329 |
347 | |
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Nature's Flyers: Birds, Insects, and the Biomechanics of Flight David E. Alexander Eingeschränkte Leseprobe - 2002 |
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