The Locomotive Engine: Including a Description of Its Structure, Rules for Estimating Its Capabilities, and Practical Observations on Its Construction and ManagementRedding, 1851 - 120 Seiten |
Andere Ausgaben - Alle anzeigen
The Locomotive Engine: Including a Description of Its Structure, Rules for ... Zerah Colburn Keine Leseprobe verfügbar - 2015 |
Häufige Begriffe und Wortgruppen
17-inch cylinder adhesion admit steam attached Babbitt metal bearings blast pipes boiler bolts Boston camb cars cast iron chilled rims circumference coal connecting rod copper crank axle cross-head crown sheet cubic inches cut-off valve cylinder engines decimal Diam distance dome driving wheels eccentric rods effect engineman entire exhaust steam expansion feed water fire fire-box end flanges friction give grade grate heating surface Hinkley's hooks inches in diameter inches thick induction ports inside cylinders jaws John Souther joint lever load locomotive Locomotive Engine motion multiply nuts pair of wheels passing pintal piston rod plates pump quotient railroad rails require riveted road rocker shaft Ross Winans safety valve screws secured side slides smoke-box sparker spring balance square inch steam chest steam pipe stroke temperature thimbles tires tons truck frame tube sheet turned valve stem water space weight Winans wood engine wrought iron
Beliebte Passagen
Seite 64 - Fig. 429. on the scale, by the ratio of the two arms of the lever, and divide the product by the number of square inches in the area of the. valve; but to save the trouble of calculation, the ratio of the arms of the lever is...
Seite 7 - Ibs. of water 180°, or an equivalent to 990° ; and including its own temperature, we have 1202°, which it must have possessed at first. The sum of the latent and sensible heat of steam is in all cases nearly constant, and does not vary much from 1200°. It is from this property of steam that it becomes of such essential service in heating buildings ; one square foot of superficial surface of cast-iron steam pipe will keep 200 cubic feet of air at a...
Seite 105 - ... or 7 below its maximum ; at 1050°, one-half its greatest strength; at 1240°, one-third; and at 1317°, nearly one-seventh. Copper follows a different law, as every addition of temperature above the freezing point appears to weaken it. At 529°, it has but three-fourths its greatest strength; at 812°, but one-half; while a temperature of 1300° entirely destroys its cohesive force. The adhesion of the wheels of an engine is about one-fifth the weight when the rails are clean, and either perfectly...
Seite 5 - ... of steam arises from the absence of cohesion between and among the particles of water. Heat universally expands all matter •within its influence, whether solid or fluid; but in a solid body it has the cohesion of the particles to overcome, and this so circumscribes its effects that in cast-iron, for instance, a rate of temperature above the freezing point sufficient to melt it, causes an extension of only about one-eighth of an inch in a foot. With water, however, a temperature of 212°, or...
Seite 37 - The performance of this engine during the year 1849 was upward of 23,000 miles, and was higher than that of any other first-class engine on that road for the same time. The diameter of the cylinder was 17 inches; stroke of piston 22 inches ; four pairs of drivingwheels having chilled tires 43 inches in diameter. The diameter of the boiler was 44 inches, and there were 125...
Seite 73 - There were two small steam cylinders placed on the sides of the boiler over the bearings of the driving axle, by which the weight on the drivers could be varied from three to twelve and a half tons.
Seite 7 - The beating of the iron does not create the heat which it excites, neither does the com pressing of the air ; they both merely develop the heat, which must have a previous existence. In these examples the heat which is excited is freed by the motion communicated, — and we have no means of knowing its amount ; — but the latent heat of steam, though showing no effects on the thermometer, may be as easily known as the sensible or perceivable heat. To show this property of steam by experiment, place...
Seite 109 - An artificial excitement, or too great ebullition on the water level, observed when the boiler has become greasy, or otherwise foul. Generally productive of priming. Footboard. A plate iron floor, behind the boiler, for the engineman and fireman to stand upon. Frame. Made to attach to the boiler, cylinders, axles, and all cross shafts, and binds the whole fabric together. Friction, of trains. The friction of the bearings of the carriages, and for every ton drawn, offers a direct resistance of from...
Seite 7 - ... sensible or perceivable heat. To show this property of steam by experiment, place an indefinite amount of water in a closed vessel, and let a pipe, proceeding from its upper part, communicate with another vessel, which should be open, and, for convenience of illustration, shall contain just 5J- Ibs. of water at 32°, or just freezing. The pipe from the closed vessel must reach nearly to the bottom of the open one. By boiling the water contained in the first vessel until steam enough has passed...
Seite 37 - The grate was 37£ inches long, by 41 £ inches wide, and the inside depth from crown sheet to grate was 50 inches. Attached to the boiler of this engine was the patent apparatus for heating the feed water by the surplus exhaust steam of the engine, which was invented by Mr. Perkins. The exhaust steam from both cylinders enters a square box in the center of the smoke-box. In this box is a movable valve by which the steam can be discharged through the ordinary blast pipes, or turned into a pipe leading...