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NOTES:-The Princes of Wales, 21-Swedenborg MS. Missing, 22-Bristol Booksellers and Printers, 23-Marlowe's Epitaph on Sir Roger Manwood'-Sir Matthew Philip-The Diphthong ou," 24-Alumni Cantabrigienses'-Designs for Somerset House-Hatless Craze, 25 Canterbury Tales': Early Reference-Apprenticeship in 1723-Smollett's "Hugh Strap"-Shropshire Newspaper printed in London, 26.

QUERIES:-Lieut. Col. Cockburn: R. Wright-Gildersleeve Family-'Shaving Them'-Aldermen of London: Dates of Death-John Wilkes-T. L. Peacock's PlaysVirgil: "Narcissi lacrymam," 27-'Merry Wives of Windsor'-New Bunhill Fields, Borough-Dame Elizabeth Irwin: Genealogical Puzzle-Authors Wanted Money and Matrimony-Christmas Family of Bideford, 23-City Poll-Books-Genealogical Tables-Barabbas a Publisher-"Abraham's Beard," a Game-Duchess of Palata St. Agatha at Wimborne-Botany: Flowers Blooming-Melmont Berries Juniper Berries-Shenstone and the Rev. R. Graves-Thames Water Company -Folly: Place-Name-"The British Glory Revived," 29. REPLIES:-Turkey Captives, 30-The Edwards, Kings of England, 31—Bath King of Arms-Toasts and Sentiments -Samuel Mearnes-Paul Kester-Initials on Russian Ikon, 32-"Canabull blue silke -Court Leet-Sir Anthony Standen-Galfrid-Author Wanted, 38-Edward Iorwerth, 84-Jonathan Sharp'-George Knapp, 85Woe Waters of Langton-Nelson's Birthplace Seventeenth-Century Biography Elephant and Castle in Heraldry, 36-Abraham Farley-"Make "Mar" in Goldsmith-General Wolfe's Death-B. Rotch, 37-"God save the People!"-Greir Family-St. Austin's Gate"Googlie "-Rumbelow, 38.

NOTES ON BOOKS:-'Political Satire in English Poetry'
-Reviews and Magazines.
Booksellers' Catalogues.
Notices to Correspondents.

Notes.

THE PRINCES OF WALES.

THE fact of the heir apparent to the throne, who was born on the 23rd of June, 1894, being created Prince of Wales, should have a record in 'N. & Q. The announcement was made in, an extraordinary edition of The London Gazette of Thursday, the 23rd of June, as follows:

"The King has been pleased to order Letters Patent to be passed under the Great Seal for creating His Royal Highness Prince Edward Albert Christian George Andrew Patrick David, Duke of Cornwall and Rothesay, Earl of Carrick, Baron of Renfrew, Lord of the Isles and Great Steward of Scotland, Duke of Saxony and Prince of Saxe Coburg and Gotha, Prince of Wales and Earl of Chester."

The Daily Telegraph on the same day gave such a concise list of all who have borne the title that it should find a place in 'N. & Q.' for permanent reference :Edward (1284-1327).

Born at Carnarvon. Created Prince of Wales in February, 1301. Became Edward II. in 1327. Murdered at Berkeley Castle..

Edward of Windsor (1312-1377).

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There is no documentary evidence of his investiture as Prince of Wales, but it is believed to have taken place during the Parliament of York in 1322. Became Edward III. in 1327. Edward of Woodstock, the Black Prince (13301376). Created Prince of Wales 1343, " par assant de touz les grauntz d'Engleterre," during the Parliament of Westminster. The flower of English chivalry. He predeceased his father. Richard of Bordeaux (1367-1399).

• Created Prince of Wales in 1376, on the death of the Black Prince. Became Richard II. in 1379.

Henry of Monmouth (1387-1422).

Son of Henry IV. Created Prince of Wales on Oct. 15, 1399, at the age of 12, and became Henry V.

Edward of Westminster (1453-1471). Son of Henry VI. Created Prince of Wales in his first year. Killed on the field at Tewkesbury.

Edward of the Sanctuary (1470-1483).
Son of Edward V. Created Prince of Wales
1477. Murdered in the Tower.

Edward of Middleham (1474-1484).
Son of Richard III. Created Prince of
Wales July, 1483. Died in Wensleydale Castle,
where he was born.

Arthur of Winchester (1488-1502).

Son of Henry VII. An infant prodigy of scholarship and learning.

Henry of Greenwich (1491-1549).

Son of Henry VII. Created Prince of Wales June 22, 1502. Betrothed to Prince Arthur's widow on June 25, 1504. When he came to the throne in 1509, as Henry VIII., Lord Mountjoy wrote: "Heaven smiles, the earth leaps with gladness, everything seems redolent with milk, honey, and nectar."

Henry VIII.'s only son (afterwards Edward VI.) was never created Prince of Wales, though his father made him Duke of Cornwall. Henry of Stirling (1594-1612).

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Son of James I. Created Prince of Wales in 1608. A prince, like Prince Arthur, of very great popularity and learning, and his death was greatly deplored.

Charles (1600-1649).

Son of James I. Created Prince of Wales in 1616. Came to the throne in 1625. Beheaded 1649.

Charles of St. James's (1630-1685).

Afterwards Charles II. It is apparently doubtful whether he was ever created Prince of Wales.

George Augustus (1683-1760).
Son of George I. Created Prince of Wales by
his father ten days after his landing in England,
Sept., 1714. The first Prince of Wales, since
Edward the Black Prince, who had children in
the lifetime of his father. Became George II.
in 1727.

Frederick Louis (1707-1751).
Son of George II.

Born at Hanover. Created Prince of Wales in 1729. Throughout his life always at enmity with George II. and every member of his family.

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Son of Edward VII. Created Prince of Wales,
Nov. 9, 1901. Became George V. May, 1910.
A. N. Q.

SWEDENBORG MANUSCRIPT

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MISSING.

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Several of these MSS. which had not been published in their author's lifetime-someof which, indeed, he seems to have intended only for his own reference have been since printed by permission of the authorities of the Royal Academy of Sciences, and with their co-operation. Among these is an MS. which bears no title, but which was named by Benedict Chastanier (who in 1791 issued abortive proposals for printing the work) 'Diarium Spirituale,' by which title it has been subsequently known. The 'Diarium Spirituale was printed by Dr. J. F. I. Tafel, Librarian in the University An of Tübingen, at that town in 1844–50. English translation, as 'The Spiritual Diary,* extending as far as paragraph 1538, was. published in London in 1846; and another, continued to paragraph 3427, at New York and Boston, U.S.A., in 1850-72. A complete English translation appeared in London in 1883-1902, and a phototyped facsimile of the original MS. at Stockholm in 1901-5. In each of these five editions paragraphs 1 to 148 are conspicuous by their absence"; but in the latest English version their place is occupied by a translation of the brief analyses of the contents of these paragraphs as noted by their author in his MS. index to the work.

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The existence of this defect has been

ONE hundred and thirty-eight years ago, viz., on Sunday, 29 March, 1772, Emanuel Swedenborg died in his London lodging at 26, Great Bath Street, Coldbath Fields, s house which, judged by its present appear ance, must have been a very modest habita tion for a man of his social standing. His whole library there, we are told, had consisted of a Hebrew Bible, and it was given, as his burial fee, to his countryman Dean Ferelius. Some of Swedenborg's MSS. (probably memorandum books and indexes to his writings) had accompanied his final journey to London, and these, with his other personal effects, were immediately known from 1772 onwards. It is noted, after his death dispatched to Stockholm at No. 7, vols. iv. and v., in the aboveby his friend and man-of-business Mr. mentioned Heirs' List compiled in that Charles Lindegren. Swedenborg having left year, but is there exaggerated so as to no will, all his property passed into the include paragraphs 1 to 205, an error due hands of his heirs-at-law. His library, obviously to a too hasty glance at the MS. which had remained in Sweden, was sold which upon its surface seems to justify the at the "Bok-Auctions-Kammaren i Stock-statement. Special search has been made holm d. 28 Nov., 1772," and the printed for the missing section (e.g., by Dr. J. F. I. catalogue of the sale, reproduced in facsimile by Mr. Alfred H. Stroh at Stockholm in 1907, forms an interesting conspectus of the great Swede's multifarious studies.

Tafel at Stockholm in 1859, and by his nephew, Dr. R. L. Tafel, at the same city in 1868), but without success; and its disappearance has come to be considered absolute and complete.

A month before this sale, viz., on 27 October, 1772, the whole of Swedenborg's As long ago as 1842 inquiries made on extant MSS., and the "author's copies" of behalf of the Swedenborg Society elicited many of his printed works, were, on behalf the information that in the library of a of his heirs, formally presented to the Royal certain congregation of "New-Church " Academy of Sciences of Stockholm, in the people was க volume of Swedenborg's library of which institution they have been writings to which was affixed a fragment of preserved ever since, though not wholly his MS. " evidently cut from some book." exempt from vicissitudes. The gift was The volume in question formed one of the accompanied by a list of the MSS., which" objects of interest " exhibited to the was printed at Stockholm in 1801, and again in 1820, and is reproduced, with similar lists, upon pp. 729 to 800 of Dr. R. L. Tafel's collection of 'Documents concerning Swedenborg,' vol. ii. part ii., London,

1877.

visitors at the International Swedenborg Congress held in London throughout the week ending to-day.

In his copious Bibliography of Swedenborg's Works,' issued in 1906, the editor, the Rev. James Hyde, minutely describes

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J. B. Beckett, Corn Street, 1774

William Browne, 1792

Ann Bryan, 51, Corn Street, 1794
Thomas Cocking, Small Street, 1767
R. Edwards, Broad Street, 1796
S. Farley & Son, Small Street, 1758
Hester Farley, Castle Green, 1774
Felix Farley, Castle Green, 1734
Grabham & Pine, 1760

this fragment, at No. 498 in his numerical Eliazer Edgar, admitted to the freedom in June, system, dates it 1747, and proceeds to draw 1620, for the using of the trade of binding and attention to the connexion of its subjectselling books.' matter with paragraphs 28 and 29 in the missing section of the 'Diarium Spirituale. Renewing and extending his researches into this suggested parallelism, Mr. Hyde published their result in The New Church Review (Philadelphia, U.S.A.) for July, 1907. Briefly stated, Mr. Hyde's conclusions are that paragraphs 1 to 148 of these "memorabilia " were written by Swedenborg at Stockholm within the months January to July, 1747, in a book entirely distinct from that, or those, in which he subsequently penned paragraphs 149 to 6096; and that the fragment described at No. 498 in the 'Swedenborg Bibliography is a part of that first used volume which is now, apparently, lost.

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The whole subject is discussed at length in an article, divided into three sections, which appears in The New Church Magazine for February, March, and April of the present year, to the last-named of which is prefixed a facsimile of the resuscitated fragment. The Magazine is procurable at the Swedenborg Society's house, 1, Bloomsbury Street, W.C., or it can be consulted in many Free Libraries throughout the country.

Meanwhile, may I appeal to all my readers who possess, or know of; any anonymous Latin MSS. of the eighteenth century, to examine them with a view to ascertain if they include a volume [bound or unbound] measuring 12 by 8 inches, probably without title-page or page-headings, and Containing paragraphs numbered 1 to 148, whereof No. 29 lacks the concluding portion "? A copy of the facsimile of the newly identified fragment already mentioned will be forwarded to all applicants by Mr. James Speirs, 1, Bloomsbury Street, W.C. It will serve as a clue to facilitate the search for which I plead, and he or I will gladly receive particulars of any successful results.

CHARLES HIGHAM. 169, Grove Lane, Camberwell, S.E.

BRISTOL BOOKSELLERS AND
PRINTERS.

W. C. B.'s list at 10 S. v. 141 I did not see,
but I venture to submit some names in
addition to those Bristol booksellers and
printers appearing in his second list, 11 S.
i. 304. The dates I give are the earliest
hitherto noted, but the address is not, in
quite every case, that of the year given :-

Henry Greep, Bridewell Lane, 1715
Benjamin Hickey, Nicholas Street, 1742
Mrs. Hooke, Maiden Tavern, Baldwin Street, 1753
Andrew Hooke, Shannon Court, 1745
William Huston, 4, Castle Green, 1791
Lancaster & Edwards, Redcliff Street, 1792
W. Pine & Son, Wine Street, 1753
James Sketchley, 27, Small Street, 1775
T. Smart, St. John Street, 1792
Edward Ward, Castle Street, 1749

Mary Ward, 1774

Mary Ward & Son, Corn Street, 1781
J. Watts, Shannon Court, 1742
Thomas Whitehead, Broadmead, 1709

William Bonny, mentioned by W. C. B., was the first man to set up an independent permanent press in Bristol. He was originally in business in London, where he had met with little success. When, in 1695, Parliament omitted to continue the law subjecting all printed books and pamphlets to official censorship, and virtually confining the provincial press of England to Oxford, Cambridge, and York, Bonny obtained leave from the Corporation of Bristol to start in business as a printer in the city, but, out of consideration for the local booksellers, it was stipulated that he should carry on no other business than that of a printer.

Bonny printed John Cary's 'An Essay on the State of England, in relation to its Trade, its Poor, and its Taxes. For carrying on the Present War against France,' which was published in November, 1695, and was the first book printed at Bristol by a permanently established local press. John Locke said it was the best book on the subject of trade that he had ever read. Cary was a freeman and merchant of Bristol, and his subsequent essay on pauperism led to the establishment, in May, 1896, of the Bristol Incorporation of the Poor-the first body of the kind in this country created by Act of Parliament. The name continued in use until 1898, when it was: changed to Bristol Board of Guardians.

We owe to Bonny the earliest newspaper published in Bristol. This was The Bristol Post-Boy. The first numbers are lost, but if No. 91, issued on 12 Aug., 1704, represents a correct numbering, then the first copy

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appeared in November, 1702. That must not be accepted as proved, for those early printers were a little careless in the matter of numbering. Still, there is very good reason for believing that 1702 was the year of the start of the enterprise at offices in Corn Street, where, apparently freed from the restrictions imposed when he came to Bristol, the printer dealt in charcoal, old rope, Bibles, Welsh prayer-books, music, maps, paperhangings, and forms for the use of ale-house keepers and officers on privateers.

In 1713 Samuel Farley published the first number of his Postman, the ancestor of the present Times and Mirror, and the Postman soon sent the Post-Boy to oblivion, if, indeed, the latter had not gone there before the stronger paper's advent. CHARLES WELLS.

Bristol.

been made a Knight of the Bath in 1464 (sic) at the coronation of Elizabeth, queen of Edward IV., 20 May (sic). ·

My friend Dr. W. A. Shaw in his 'Knights of England, i. 134-5, gives the same list as that which Metcalfe copies from Nicolas, but with the correct date of the coronation, viz., 26 May, 1465, and describing Philip as a citizen of London.22

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Unless there were two contemporary London civic knights of this name, of which there is absolutely no evidence, I am confident that the list of Knights of the Bath from which Nicolas and Dr. Shaw copied is wrong in including Philip amongst them.

Philip, the alderman who was Mayor 1463-4, was not knighted till May, 1471, when he was one of twelve aldermen who received ordinary knighthood, not that of the Bath. This list, with Philip's name included, is given by Dr. Shaw in his second volume (p. 16).

There is both positive and negative evidence that Philip was not knighted before 1471, and that he was not one of the batch of Knights of the Bath made in 1465.

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1. His name, with that of the other eleven aldermen included with him in the knighting of 1471, receives the prefix Sir in the City records after that date, and never before it.

2. Gregory's

MARLOWE'S EPITAPH ON SIR ROGER MANWOOD. (See 11 S. i. 459.)—The copy of Marlowe and Chapman's "Hero and Leander,' 1629, in which this Latin epitaph is written on the back of the title-page, is still in my possession. It was lot 1415 in Heber's sale of Old Poetry, held at Sotheby's, 8 December, 1834, and fourteen following days. The note upon the lot shows that the book was then in its present condition, except that the late Mr. Ouvry, after it had Chronicle 'the work of passed into his hands, had it bound in one who had himself been Mayor and morocco by Rivière. At Heber's sale it alderman-records the coronation of Elizawas bought by John Payne Collier, who beth, and says: "These v aldyrmen were parted with it to Mr. Ouvry, at whose sale made knyghtys of the Bathe"; and after it came into my possession. Owing to the recording their names-which, divested of volume having been Collier's property, some orthographic variants, are those generally doubt has been thrown upon the authenticity known as Wyche, Cooke, Josselyn, Plomer, of the manuscript notes in the book, and some and Waver-he adds: "And no moo of the correspondence took place in N. & Q. on cytte but thes V, and hyt ys a grete the subject (6 S. xi. 305, 352; xii. 15). Mr. worschyppe unto alle the cytte 11 (p. 228). Arthur Bullen, who printed the epitaph in his edition of Marlowe (Introduction, pp. xii, xiii), said that it had "every appearance of being genuine 22; and a few years ago, when he contemplated bringing out a new edition of the dramatist, he borrowed the book from me, and had the page bearing the inscription photographed. The result of his examination was, I believe, to confirm him in his previous view, though it cannot, of course, be stated with absolute certainty that the epitaph was written by Marlowe. W. F. PRIDEAUX.

SIR MATTHEW PHILIP, MAYOR OF LONDON. -In Metcalfe's 'Book of Knights Sir M. Philip is said (on the authority of Sir N. H. Nicolas's Orders of Knighthood) to have

It is clear from this that Philip, who was then alderman and ex-Mayor, was not included in the list of the Knights of the Bath made at Elizabeth's coronation, nor is it probable that any other" citizen of London " of the same name was then a recipient of the honour. ALFRED B. BEAVEN.

Leamington,

THE DIPHTHONG "OU."-I have nowhere seen it definitely stated that the diphthong ou, as employed in modern English, almost invariably indicates & French spelling. This is a very useful fact.

Of course, it constantly occurs in native English words, such as out. But this is only because the Normans, who obligingly respelt our language for us, used the symbol

ou to represent the A.-S. u, especially when long. That is how the A.-S. ut came to be respelt as out. I need not take into consideration the hundreds of other cases. But it is even more interesting to notice how the rule applies to words of wholly foreign origin. Thus knout is a French spelling of a Russian word, though the Russian word was itself of Scandinavian origin.

Caoutchouc is a French spelling of a Caribbean word; tourmaline is a French spelling of a Cingalese word; patchouli is a French spelling of a word of Indian origin. Even in such a word as ghoul, which might have been taken immediately from Arabic, it is a fact that it first appears in Beckford's 'Vathek 2 as goule, which is simply the French form. I doubt if there are numerous exceptions. Many languages avoid ou altogether. WALTER W. SKEAP.

'ALUMNI CANTABRIGIENSES': 'ALUMNI OXONIENSES.'-May one suggest that the editors of the Cambridge work would do well to avoid such conjectural amendments as mar the like work dealing with Oxford men? Let me illustrate the matter from my own

case.

I was born at Irthlingborough in Northamptonshire. It is not to my present purpose that the birthplace was accidental. My grandfather was rector of a neighbouring parish, and my father, a barrister living in London, rented for the summer a house in Irthlingborough. The clerk who entered my name in the Oxford Register, mistaking the registrar's flourished I for an O, wrote the village name as Orthlingborough. The editor of Alumni Oxonienses,' finding no village of that name, printed the village name as Orlingbury, the name of a parish in the same county.

I could show that this form of error is common in the work, and I should like to suggest that such conjectural amendments, almost sure to be wrong, should find no place in the forthcoming Cambridge list.

J. S.

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a monument of the taste and elegance of his Majesty's Reign. Mr. Robinson made some attempts upon this double idea; but he dying before anything was begun, or any of the Designs compleated, Sir William Chambers was, at the King's request, appointed to succeed him in October, 1775, and all Mr. Robinson's Designs were delivered to him; of which, however, he made no use, as he thought of a quite different disposition; nor is there the least resemblance between his Designs and those of Mr. Robinson, all of which I have more than once seen and considered with sufficient leisure and attention."

Clearly this indicates that the simplicity of the first plans was not a matter of choice, and the more decorative, but unfinished designs prepared by Robinson were disregarded, not because " they were found to be of no service," but for the better reason that Chambers planned a different disposition of the buildings.

ALECK ABRAHAMS.

THE HATLESS CRAZE.-When did English SOMERSET HOUSE: ROBINSON'S AND people begin to find out that all civilized CHAMBERS'S DESIGNS.-Josephi Baretti's nations until the last few years had been 'Guide through the Royal Academy,' pub-entirely wrong in wearing caps or hats out of lished in 1780, is, I believe, the first work or doors? These useful articles now appear pamphlet describing Somerset House, or likely soon to become obsolete, and it may what was completed of it at that date. be well to put on record some dates connected It contains a great deal of detail to which with their disuse. neither Mr. F. A. Eaton in The Royal Academy and its Members' nor Messrs. Needham and Webster in Somerset House

Here in Durham it began with a few of the undergraduates-I cannot say exactly when, but I have notes that it was prevailing

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