of

of

ar

calls it "a curious production, ," and regrets
that Wilkes did not proceed further in his
design.
W. S. S.

logue of Books printed for Private Circula-writing, and was not to endure longer than ev. tion' (London, 1906), p. 193. Mr. Dobell the time of the sickness; and if the sickness continued above the space of eight days after the granting of the licence, then the licence was to be registered in the church book, wardens. The other particulars of the Act with the knowledge of one of the churchare too long to quote. DIEGO.

DOOR-KNOCKER ETIQUETTE (11 S. i. 487; ii. 17). In continuation of my reply, I have found the following reference in 'The Servants' Guide and Family Manual, with new and improved Receipts, arranged and adapted to the Duties of all Classes of Servants 2 (London, printed for John Limbird, 143, Strand, 1830), p. 253 :

"Unnecessarily loud knocking at a street-door is thought by some to give an air of style and consequence to an arrival; but the practice has been so often complained of, and carried to such extent, that the custom is somewhat abated."

ELIZABETHAN LICENCE TO EAT FLESH (11 S. ii. 68).-The 5 Elizabeth, chap. v. section 37, is as follows:

"And also such persons as have, or hereafter shall have, upon good and just consideration, any awful licence to eat, flesh upon any fish day (except such persons as for sickness shall for the time be licensed by the bishop of the diocese, or by their curates, or shall be licensed by reason of age, or other impediment, allowed heretofore by the ecclesiastical laws of this realm), shall be bound, by force of this statute, to have for every one dish of desh served to be eaten at their table, one usual dish of sea fish, fresh or salt, to be likewise served at the same table, and to be eaten or spent without fraud or covin, as the like kind is or shall be usually eaten or spent on Saturdays."

W. McB. and F. MARCHAM.

66 An

The statute asked for is 5 Eliz. c. 5, of Act touching Politick Constitutions for the ty Maintenance of the Navy." Sections 14 to 23 and 35 to 39 deal with "fish days and their observance, together with penalties his and licences. Section 39 declares that the

on

on,

statute

92

MS

ok

not

JOHN B. WAINEWRIGHT.

A. L. F. may be interested in the following extract from the parish registers of Mackworth, co. Derby :—

"Whereas the right worple Francis Munday of Markeaton in the parish of Machworth and countie of Derbie, Esq., for the avoiding of the penalties and dangers of the laws and statutes made for restrainte of eating flesh in Lent, and in consideration that he hath in his house at diett or table the right worp Mrs. Dorothy Poole, gentlewoman, about the age of three-score years, who is very weak and sickly, not able to go or stand without help, hath desired me to grant license to and for the said Dorothy Poole to eat flesh for and during the time in regard I know the considerations aforesaid to be of her sickness, which I have thought fitting, and most true, I do hereby grant license unto the said Dorothy Poole to eat flesh for and during the time of her sickness according to the laws and statutes of this realm in that case made and provided, and hereunto I have putt my hand the ninth day of February in the reign of King James of England the sixteenth and of Scotland the fifty-second, A.D. 1618. By me,

Edward Hinchcliffe, clerk."
P. D. MUNDY.

SHAVING THEM,' BY TITUS A. BRICK
(11 S. ii. 27).-A later edition or reprint of
Shaving Them,' undated, but about 1875,
was issued by Messrs. Ward, Lock & Tyler,
Warwick House, Paternoster Row. It was in
illustrated wrappers, and contained a frontis-
piece and 230 pp. Titus A. Brick, evidently
a pseudonym, is mentioned in a list of Ward,
author of Awful Crammers.'
Lock & Tyler's publications as being also the

In Gibson's 'Codex,' 1761 edition, pp. 2557, will be found the essential portions of the Acts 5 Eliz., cap. 5, 27 Eliz., cap. 11, and ELEPHANT AND CASTLE IN HERALDRY te 35 Eliz., cap. 7, which refer to the eating of (11 S. i. 508; ii. 36).-Miss Emma Phipson th fish. By the first of these Acts Wednesday in her 'Choir Stalls and their Carvings she was made a fish day in the same way as (1896), p. 36, says of the stalls formerly beTa Saturday. In the case of a person in ill-longing to the chapel of the Royal Hospital or health the bishop or the parish parson of St. Katherine by the Tower, mentioned "at could grant a licence, which was to be in by MR. MACMICHAEL and myself in our

2

St. Vincent was not "martyrized near the Cape which bears his name," but at Valentia. His mangled body was not, though the major portion of his relics were, "conveyed to Lisbon in a boat, attended by crows.' This was in 1139, and-St. Vincent suffered in 304. It is therefore impossible that these disinterested birds....pursued his murderers with dreadful screams and tore their eyes out."

22

The probability is that Beckford's command of Portuguese was insufficient to enable him to follow what the sacristan told him.

The two crows kept near the Cathedral of Lisbon in 1787 have a parallel in the bears kept at Bern at the present day. JOHN B. WAINEWRIGHT.

The descendants of The Holy Crows " are still kept in the cloisters of the Cathedral at Lisbon, and I saw them there when visiting the Cathedral in March last. The legend, as told to us, is that St. Vincent was first buried at the cape which bears his name, where the crows watched continually over his grave. When his bones were removed to the Cathedral at Lisbon, the crows are said to have followed them.

Two crows are still maintained in honourable, if not happy captivity in a court connected with Lisbon Cathedral. On the walls of the church the attentions paid to St. Vincent by them or their progenitors are attractively commemorated in blue and

white tiles.

Geese are kept in the cloisters of Barcelona Cathedral.

been done

Jane Shore; or, the Goldsmith's Wife, an Historical Tale. By Mrs. Bennett, author of "The Cottage Girl,' 'The Jew's Daughter,' &c.

At the end of the book is the following advertisement :

NEW TWO SHILLINGS SERIES (CONTINUED).
Mrs. Bennett's Works. 2s. each. Complete Editions.
Jane Shore; or, the Goldsmith's Wife.
The Cottage Girl; or, the Marriage Day.
The Jew's Daughter; or, the Witch of the Water-
Side.

but

The Broken Heart; or, the Village Bridal.
The Gipsy Queen; or, the Maori's Daughter.
The Gipsy Bride; or, the Miser's Daughter.
The Canadian Girl; or, the Pirate of the Lakes.
I have no further information,
no doubt Mr. H. T. FOLKARD, if he wrote to
Messrs. W. Nicholson & Sons, could obtain
other details if that firm is still in business.
RONALD DIXON.

46, Marlborough Avenue, Hull.

ROYAL TOMBS AT ST. DENIS (11 S. ii. 65).MR. ALECK ABRAHAMS may be interested to know that in 1681 M. Combes wrote a little handbook which was translated into English, t and published in 1684, with the following title-page :

"An Historical Explanation | of What there is most remarkable in that | Wonder of the World, | The French King's Royal House at Versailles,

And in that of Monsieur, at | St. Cloud. Written in the French Tongue by the Sieur Combes, | And now faithfully done into English. | Together with S. Denis. London : | Printed for Matthew Turner, A Compendious Inventory of the Treasury of near Turnstile in Holborn. 1684." 12mo, pp. xxiv, 140, and leaf with list of books published by

M. Turner.

This little guide, a copy of which is in my possession, gives a very interesting account of all the marvellous relics John Evelyn enumerates, and of the various Gundola

Augustus Hare says this has which they are contained. Theses in

"from time immemorial to guard the treasures of
the cathedral, according to the old Catalonian
custom which makes the geese serve, and more
efficaciously too, the place of watchdogs at the
country houses."" Wanderings in Spain, p. 41.
Everybody remembers the valuable help
rendered by the geese of the Capitol.
ST. SWITHIN.

66

of Chrysolite 22 is here described as A Vessel inclining to the fashion of a great Drinking-cup, made of a Chrysolite, and enchast in Gold by St. Eloy. Given by the same Abbot Suger." Solomon's cup is alsc there, as well as another used in the Temple The little book is quite entertaining, and is dedicated "To Madam the Dolphiness. 22 JOHN HODGKIN.

ROYAL MANNERS TEMP. WILLIAM IV. (11 S. i. 85).-These are further illustrated in the case of Prince Ernest Augustus, son of George III., Duke of Cumberland, afterwards king of Hanover, as amusingly recorded by the Rev. C. A. Wilkinson, domestic resident chaplain to King Ernest at Hanover. The King of Hanover was a younger brother of William IV., who used to say of him: "Ernest is not a bad fellow, but if any one has a corn, he is sure to tread on it.22

See Reminiscences of the Court and Times of King Ernest of Hanover, 1886, vol. i. pp. 16, 18, 123, 128, 134, 145, 149.

66

L. M. R.

Misc. Book, vol. cxxiii. pp. 245-6) and with an entry of 1535-6 in the old churchwardens' accounts of South Tawton (fol. 91D).

The surname Yetsweirt has a Dutch sound, and at the same time it is curiously like that of "De Yadeworth," which I find in lists of residents of South Tawton on the Lay Subsidy Rolls of 1337 and "" 1340?" I should be glad if the descent of Frende's little property could be traced.

ETHEL LEGA-WEEKES.

72

AUDLEY)

SIR HENRY DUDLEY (NOT (11 S. i. 87, 171).-The question asked by MR. EGERTON GARDINER and the answers to it illustrate the many pitfalls into which D'ERESBY OR DE ERESBY ? (11 S. i. 469.)-writers on genealogical subjects are apt to fall. "Sir Henry Audley, It might be thought at first sight that less of as pointed out learning than of ordinary intelligence was Dudley-whether "Sir" Henry Dudley by MR. A. R. BAYLEY, should be Henry required to pronounce 'D'Eresby," not De Eresby," the correct form of the title. The leading newspapers, however, and most, it not all, peerage and genealogical writers agree in writing De Eresby. planation, I fancy, is that De Eresby is not a surname, but a territorial designation. It refers to the barony of Eresby, bestowed upon Walter de Bec by William the Conqueror, and acquired in marriage by the Willoughby family in the reign of Henry III. Presumably the rule permitting the elision of a vowel when two came together does not apply in the case of titles. Hence we have "Lord Willoughby de Eresby." Scorus.

66

22

The ex

THE

PRINTERS OF THE STATUTES IN. SIXTEENTH CENTURY: SOUTH TAWTON, DEVON (11 S. i. 106, 238). I was interested in learning of the grant to Nicholas Yetsweirt in 1577 of a monopoly for printing the common law books; and I think that the contributors on this subject may be equally interested in the fact that on the Patent Roll of 9 Eliz., 1566-7 (pt. 5, m. 3), there is recorded a grant to one Nicholas Yetswirt (not improbably the same man) and to Bartholomew Brokesby of a number of rents in Devon, Somerset, and other Counties, mostly arising from ancient bequests, chantries, and gilds, which by the Act of 1547 were vested in the Crown. These included a tenement in the parish of South Tawton, Devon, which in 1530 had been given by John Frende of South Tawton, weaver, towards the maintenance of a priest for the Brotherhood of the Store of Jesus in the parish church, as appears from collation of this roll with another Record Office document (Court of Augmentations,

was

or not is questionable. At any rate, this
Sir Henry Dudley the conspirator, about
Henry Dudley is not to be confounded with
whom two other correspondents write at
to the Dictionary of National Biography,
the second reference, and who, according
22 third son of John Sutton
apparently
de Dudley, seventh Baron Dudley.
The Henry Dudley asked about appears
to have been a son of John Dudley, Viscount
Lisle, Earl of Warwick, and Duke of North-
umberland, and grandson of the infamous
Edmund Dudley, one of the "horse-leeches "
of King Henry VII. Apparently the
'D.N.B. is wrong in giving the Duke of
Northumberland only five sons and two
daughters. According to Burke, Dormant
Peerages,' 1866, p. 180, he had by his wife
Jane, daughter of Sir Edward Guilford (sic),
Kt., seven sons and two daughters, viz. :-
1. Henry, who died at the siege of
Boulogne.

2. John, Earl of Warwick, who d.v.p. 8.p.
3. Ambrose, created Earl of Warwick.
4. Lord Guilford (sic), who married Lady
Jane Grey.

5. Robert, K.G., created Baron of Denbigh and Earl of Leicester.

6. Henry, slain at St. Quintin (sic).
7. Charles, who died young.

1. Mary, who married Sir Henry Sidney, K.G.

2. Catherine, who married Sir Henry Hastings, Earl of Huntingdon.

The 'D.N.B.' agrees with Burke in making Lord Guildford the fourth son; but, by a curious, though evident double error, it also designates Ambrose and Lord Henry (who died at St. Quintin) each as the fourth son

of John, Duke of Northumberland. Two the bare or bleak hill. If Jamieson is of the sons were evidently lost sight of correct in saying that Melmont is a word owing to their early deaths. Were there used in Morayshire, it has there, presumably, yet other children? MR. EGERTON GAR- the Gaelic signification. Hence Melmont DINER in his query says that John had berries will mean literally bare-hill berries or thirteen children, of whom two were named berries, such as the juniper, growing wild Henry (this agrees with Burke, u.s.) and two on a hillside. W. S. S. Katherine. What is his authority for this statement ? These Henries and Katherines are but further instances of the puzzling custom of giving the same name to two brothers or to two sisters which has recently been discussed in 'N. & Q.'

Let us come back to the eldest son, the elder Henry, who is stated to have been killed at the siege of Boulogne. This must have been on 14 September, 1544, when Boulogne was taken by King Henry VIII. (Haydn's Index of Dates'). As his father is believed to have been born about 1502 -only 42 years before-Henry must have been young, and probably unmarried, at the time of his death. He died nine years before the marriage of his brother Guildford with Lady Jane Grey (1553) and the conspiracy to place her on the throne, and

could not therefore have been involved, as were his father and brothers, in the conspiracy. Is MR. GARDINER right in calling him "Sir Henry ? 22 Burke and the 'D.N.B.' do not give him this title.

29

As to his younger brother Henry there is some confusion. G. H. W. in his reply calls him the " youngest son (he was no doubt the youngest then living), and adds that "he was killed at St. Quentin in 1558. The 'D.N.B.' in the life of his father (xvi. 111) makes him the fifth son, and states that he was slain at the battle of St. Quentin in 1555. In the Supplement to the 'D.N.B. (ii. 160) he is designated the fourth son, and the date of his death is given as 10 August, 1557. This last date is evidently the correct one, for St. Quentin, Aisne, France, was captured by the Spaniards on the day of St. Lawrence, 1557 (Encyclopædia Britannica, 9th ed., xxi. 197; Supplement, xxxii. 376).

FREDK. A. EDWARDS.

MELMONT BERRIES=JUNIPER BERRIES (11 S. ii. 29).-The same entry about Melmont berries is given in the E. D. D.,' apparently taken from Jamieson. No explanation of the meaning is offered. So far as is known, Melmont as a place-name does not occur in Morayshire. There is, how ever, a hill in Galston parish, Ayrshire, which bears the name Molmont, sometimes called Melmont. In Gaelic the name would be derived from maol, bare, and monadh, hill=

Jamieson probably uses a local name for this fruit, as it is not mentioned by botanists. The only book, so far as I am aware, in which it appears (and then with a slight change in the spelling) is A. B. Lyons's 66 Juni(Detroit) Plant Ñames,' which has per berries, Melmot berries."

TOM JONES.

PRINCE BISHOP OF BASLE, 1790 (11 S. ii. 68).-This, the last Prince-Bishop, was John Sigmund von Roggenbach, who, like all his predecessors, was a Catholic. His territory was turned into the Rauracian Republic, which after four months was incorporated (1793) in the French Republic. In 1815 the Congress of Vienna gave the territory of the diocese to the cantons of Bern and Basle, with the exception of the portion already belonging to Germany.

The last Prince-Bishop to reside in Basle was Christopher of Utenham (1502-27). See the interesting article on 'Basle-Lugano, Diocese of,' in the Catholic Encyclopædia.' After the Reformation the capital of the bishopric was Porrentruy, where was the chief Schloss Buseck above Arlesheim, and after episcopal residence. The bishop also owned the beginning of the eighteenth century a

summer residence at Delémont.

1816 to find the Prince-Bishopric treated as It is surprising in a book published in still subsisting. In The Swiss Tourist, published by Samuel Leigh, 18, Strand, London, in that year, the writer, speaking of Bienne, says at p. 55 :—

His

this capacity sends a deputy to the general diets of "The place is a sort of republic in itself, and in the Confederation. It is, at the same time, in some degree subjected to the Bishop of Basle. privileges consist in appointing the mayor, who presides at the councils without having a deliberative voice, and in having his name, conjointly with the contents of which he has no influence. Whenthat of the town, at the head of public deeds, over ever a bishop is elected, he is bound to come hither, for the purpose of receiving an oath of submission on the part of the inhabitants; but the legislative power, the administration of justice, and itself. The inhabitants are of the reformed religion: the right of making alliances belong to the town they can go through their studies at Berne, which, canton is the established protector of all Protestant subjects of the Bishop of Bâle."

JOHN B. WAINEWRIGHT.

Scottish Historical Clubs, 1780-1908, with Subject-Index. By Charles Sanford Terry.. (Glasgow, MacLehose & Sons.)

PROF. TERRY has in this work laid all students of Scottish history under a heavy obligation. He gives us first a Catalogue of the publications of Scottish historical and kindred clubs and societies, including the Scottish publications of His Majesty's Stationery Office; and secondly a Subject Index to the materials revealed by the Catalogue as, bearing especially, though not exclusively, on Scottish institutions, events, reigns, characters, and historical periods, civil and ecclesiastical."

COMMONWEALTH GRANTS OF ARMS (11 S. ii. 8). The statement made by L. S. M. none of the republican grants now remain in the Herald's College is incorrect. The arms borne by my family were granted to my ancestor Robert Abbott, scrivener, on 9 August, 1654, and the grant is recorded at the Heralds' College in extenso. Nor is Club in 1908.

The Scotch have always been great believers in and promoters of education, and their clubs and societies concerned with history and antiRecent examples of new clubs are the St. Andrews quities are a remarkable feature of this activity. Society, founded in 1906, and the Old Edinburgh