How Maps Work: Representation, Visualization, and DesignGuilford Press, 21.06.2004 - 513 Seiten This is an integration of cognitive and semiotic approaches to provide an understanding of maps and their applications for geographical visualization. Exploring the question of spatial representation of different kinds, at multiple levels and from various approaches, the book provides a key insight into how maps work, which can then be applied for improved map design. |
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Andere Ausgaben - Alle anzeigen
How Maps Work: Representation, Visualization, and Design Alan M. MacEachren Keine Leseprobe verfügbar - 1995 |
Häufige Begriffe und Wortgruppen
abstract Adapted by permission analysis applied approach aspects attention attributes Bertin's cartographic cells Chapter choropleth map codes cognitive concept connotation considered contends context contour contrast defined denotative depict depth cues derived discrimination display dynamic example Figure figure-ground function geographic Gestalt global graphic variables grouping GVIS human iconic identified image schemata individual information-processing interaction interpretation issues knowledge knowledge representations Lakoff linked logical MacEachren map animation map representation map schema map signs map symbols match meaning mental multiple objects orientation P-rep particular patterns perspective Pinker prototype prototype theory receptive fields referent regions relationships represent result role scale scientific visualization selected selective attention semiotic semiotic triangle sign relations sign-vehicle similar space spatial specific stimuli structure suggests syntactics task temporal texture theory tion typology viewer vision visual cognition visual description visual scene visual variables
Beliebte Passagen
Seite 220 - A sign, or representamen, is something which stands to somebody for something in some respect or capacity. It addresses somebody, that is, creates in the mind of that person an equivalent sign, or perhaps a more developed sign. That sign which it creates I call the interpretant of the first sign.
Seite 69 - Our view will be that, instead of reacting to local stimuli by local and mutually independent events, the organism responds to the pattern of stimuli to which it is exposed ; and that this answer is a unitary process, a functional whole, which gives, in experience, a sensory scene rather than a mosaic of local sensations.
Seite 223 - Index [An index is] a sign, or representation, which refers to its object not so much because of any similarity or analogy with it, nor because it is associated with general characters which that object happens to possess, as because it is in dynamical (including spatial) connection both with the individual object, on the one hand, and with the senses or memory of the person for whom it serves as a sign, on the other hand.
Seite 28 - A representation is a formal system for making explicit certain entities or types of information, together with a specification of how the system does this. And I shall call the result of using a representation to describe a given entity a description of the entity in that representation (Marr and Nishihara, 1978).
Seite 225 - SYMPTOM A symptom is a compulsive, automatic, nonarbitrary sign, such that the signifier is coupled with the signified in the manner of a natural link.
Seite 160 - ... out there in the world" independent of any beings. Color concepts are embodied in that focal colors are partly determined by human biology. Color categorization makes use of human biology, but color categories are more than merely a consequence of the nature of the world plus human biology. Color categories result from the world plus human biology plus a cognitive mechanism that has some of the characteristics of fuzzy set theory plus a culture-specific choice of which basic color categories...
Seite 28 - What does it mean to seer The plain man's answer (and Aristotle's too) would be, to know what is where by looking. In other words, vision is the process of discovering from images what is present in the world, and where it is.
Seite 28 - This issue is important, because how information is represented can greatly affect how easy it is to do different things with it. This is evident even from our numbers example: It is easy to add, to subtract, and even to multiply if the Arabic or binary representations are used, but it is not...
Seite 76 - Of several geometrically possible organisations that one will actually occur which possesses the best, simplest and most stable shape" (Koffka, 1935, p. 138). Although the law of Pragnanz was their key organisational principle, the Gestaltists put forward several other laws.
Seite 459 - Maps Work (New York, 1995), argued that to more fully understand how maps work, we need to investigate mechanisms by which maps both represent and prompt representations. The communication paradigm took us a step in this direction but floundered due to a fundamental assumption that matched only a small proportion of mapping situations: maps as primarily a 'vehicle' for transfer of information. A representational perspective, in contrast, begins with an assumption that the process of representation...
Verweise auf dieses Buch
Applied Spatial Statistics for Public Health Data Lance A. Waller,Carol A. Gotway Eingeschränkte Leseprobe - 2004 |