LESSON 2-Continued. Great Britain is the largest island in Europe. It is about six hundred miles long, and consists of Scot'-land in the north, Eng'-land in the south, and Wales in the south-west. Ire'-land is an island to the west of England. The Irish Sea and St. George's Channel separate it from England. These islands are all situated in the At-lan'-tic Ocean towards the north-west of Europe. The North Sea and the Eng'-lish Chan ́-nel separate Great Britain from the other countries of Europe. England is nearly as large as Scotland and Ireland together. Lon'-don, on the R. Thames, is the capital of England; Ed'-in-burgh (ed-in-bro), near the Firth of Forth, is the capital of Scotland; Dub'-lin, on the R. Lif'-fey, is the capital of Ireland. They are all large and beautiful cities. EUROPE. (B).—There are five continents: Eu'-rope, A'-si-a, Af'-ri-ca, A-mer'-i-ca, and Aus-tra'-li-a. EUROPE is the smallest of the great divisions of the globe, except Australia; but it is the continent most important to us, because it is the one we live in. Its length is 3,400 miles and its breadth 2,400 miles. It contains 32 millions of square miles. It lies to the north-west of the OLD WORLD, and has the Arc'-tic Ocean on the north, the At-lan'-tic Ocean on the west, the Me-di-ter-ra'-ne-an Sea, the Black Sea, and Mount Cau'-ca-sus on the south. The U'-ral (oo'-ral) Mts., the R. Ural, and the Cas'-pi-an Sea separate it from ASIA on the east. Europe contains a great number of gulfs and inland seas. It has the greatest length of coast line, according to its size, of any of the continents. This great length of coast influences the climate, and affords great facilities for commerce. ASIA. (C).—Asia, the largest of the continents, forms nearly one-third of all the land on the earth's surface. It has the Arc'-tic Ocean on the north, the Pa-cif'-ic Ocean on the east, the In'-di-an Ocean on the south, and Europe, the Cas'-pi-an Sea, the Black Sea, the Me-di-ter-ra'-ne-an, and part of Africa on the west. It is above 4 times as large as Europe, containing 17,300,000 square miles and more than 830 millions of people. PARTS OF THE SEA.-(1) The Red Sea on the west between Africa and Asia. (2) A-ra'-bi-an Sea, on the south. (6) Ja-pan' Sea, between Japan Islands and the mainland. [GO TO NEXT PAGE. LESSON 2-Continued. CAPES. Ras-al-Had, south-east of Arabia; C. Com'-o-rin, south of Hin-dus-tan'; East Cape, in Beh'-ring Strait; and North-east Cape, in the north of Siberia. THE OCEAN. (D).—The ocean is the large mass of salt water which covers a little more than three-quarters of the surface of the globe. The earth has a diameter of 8,000 miles, and a circumference of about 25,000 miles. The surface of this vast globe contains 200 millions of square miles. It is found that only 52 millions, or about a quarter of this immense surface, consists of land, the remainder being water. The land consists chiefly of two large masses, one in the eastern and the other in the western hemisphere. These masses are broken up by the waters of the ocean, forming gulfs, bays, inlets, and seas. Each of the large masses of land is divided into continents. In the eastern hemisphere are the continents of Europe Asia, and Africa, forming the Old World, and the more recently discovered continent of Australia. In the western hemisphere are the continents of North and South America, forming the New World. Australia was first visited by Dutch navigators at the commencement of the 17th century (1606), and within half the century its north and west coasts were explored. The Dutch called it New Holland. America was discovered by Christopher Columbus towards the close of the 15th century (1492). Lesson 3.-Wednesday Morning. Work these Sums. AVERAGES. (1) What is the average of these numbers: 6, 11, 14, 5.13, and 17? (2) In seven schools there are 329, 476, 924, 395, 104, 84, and 110 scholars respectively. What is the average per school? (3) If you earn 6s. on Monday, 8s. on Tuesday, and 10s. on Wednesday, what is your average daily wage for those three days? (4) If I owe of £5'1, what is the amount of my debt? (5) I received £175, which was the amount of a certain sum of money lent for 3 years at 5 per cent. What was the amount lent? English Prefixes.-Learn and Write. 1. a=on: as abed, aboard, ashore. 2. a against, close to: as along, abreast. = 3. a of, from: as adown, anew, akin, athirst. 4. an(and) = against: as answer, to swear against. 5. be=by, beside, to make: as bedim, to make dim; becalm. 6. en (em or im, before b and p)=in : as enshrine, embark, implant. Lesson 4.-Thursday Morn. Grammar. Write and Learn. Ex. 1. Analyse and Parse the words in italics. The birds sing in the forest glade; The wild flowers blossom; and the brook Just as it did in days of yore.-(Geo. Donald.) Ex. 2. Correct these sentences, and show why they are wrong: This is the easiest book of the two. I can never think so very mean of him. The council have decided against it. The herd of swine were in the wood. Latin Roots.-Learn and Write. æquus or equus = equal, just, even. equal, evenly balanced equinox, the time of the year when the night (nox) and day are of an equal length, about March 21st and Sept. 21st. | equilateral, having equal sides. valued; or estimo, estimatus. esteem, to value highly; to respect = Lesson 5.-Friday Morning. Work thèse Sums. (1) Find the average of 1600, 276, 974, 0, 236, 845, 1239. (2) A gentleman's income for 1879 was £300; for 1880, £560; for 1881, £480 10s. ; and for 1882, £390 16s. 8d. What must his income be in 1883, so as to equal the average yearly income of the four previous years? (3) What is the average weight of six men, whose individual weights are 11st. 71b., 9st. 11lb., 13st. 4lb., 12st. 12lb., 10st. 91lb., and 10st. 61b.? (4) Express in positive terms 5××× 6 × 4.18 (5) If 375 of a yard of cloth costs 4 of £1, what will be the cost of 3125 of a yard? describing COMPOSITION.-Write a letter to a young friend A voyage from London to Constantinople. Mention the seas, &c., sailed through, the countries passed, and anything of interest you might be expected to see, or write on any subject you like. SECOND WEEK. Lesson 6.-Monday Morning. Learn. MARK ANTONY'S ORATION-(Continued). (15) And Brutus is an honourable man. He hath brought many captives15 home to Rome, Did this in Cæsar seem ambitious? When that the poor have cried, Cæsar hath wept :18 .19 (20) Ambition should be made of sterner stuff:1 Yet Brutus says he was ambitious; And Brutus is an honourable man. 20 14. Antony was one of Cæsar's principal friends. He was with him in the war in Gaul, and also led part of the army at the battle of Phar-sa'-lia, between Pompey and Cæsar, B.C. 48, which made the latter master of the Roman world. 15. A prisoner taken in war. 16. Money paid to buy back, or free, a prisoner or slave. 17. Coffer, a chest to hold money. Cæsar, instead of keeping the money paid for ransom, as he might have done, paid it over to the state funds. 18. Cæsar had a kind feeling heart, and felt sorry for the poor who cried to him, or asked him for help. 19. An ambitious man should have no gentle feelings, if he hopes to succeed in his desires for power and fame. 20. When Antony calls Brutus "an honourable man" he means quite the contrary; he is speaking sarcastically and ironically. Some of the people thought Brutus a hero for killing Cæsar; Antony wants to persuade them he is really a bad man, but does not wish to say so. Draw outline maps (A) British Islands; (B) Europe, with seas; (C) Asia, with mountains. Lesson 7.-Tuesday Morn. Geography. Write and Learn. FOREIGN POSSESSIONS. (A).—The British Empire is the largest empire in the world. The Empire of Russia is nearly as large, and the Empire of China comes next. The Chinese Empire has the greatest number of people. Those countries in Asia, Africa, and America, which belong to Great Britain, are called Colonies, or Foreign Possessions. In Asia our largest possession is In'-dia, properly called Hin'dus-tan". Capital-Cal-cut'-ta. In Africa the chief country belonging to Great Britain is Cape Col'-o-ny. Capital-Cape Town. In America the Do-min'-i-on of Can'-a-da, nearly as large as all Europe, is the chief possession. Capital-Ot'-ta-wa. The countries belonging to Great Britain in the South of Asia are the large continent of Aus-tra'-li-a, capital Mel'-bourne; and the Islands of New Zealand, capital Wel'-ling-ton. The number of people ruled over by our Queen is about 305 millions. LESSON 7-Continued. EUROPE-SEAS. (B).-(1) The White Sea, in the North of Rus'-si-a, connected with the ARCTIC OCEAN. (2) The Bal'-tic Sea, between Russia and Swe'-den, opening into the NORTH SEA. (3) The North Sea, between Great Britain and the Continent. (4) The Irish Sea, between England and Ireland. (5) The English Channel, between England and France, joining the Atlantic Ocean and the North Sea. (6) The Me-di-ter-ra'-ne-an, between Europe and Africa. (7) The A-dri-at'-ic Sea, or Gulf of Ven'-ice, between It'-a-ly and Aus'-tri-a. (8) The Sea of Mar-mo-ra, between Tur'-key and Asia. (9) The Black Sea, between Turkey, Russia, and Asia Mi'-nor, (10) The Sea of A'-zof, to the South of Russia. ASIA-SURFACE. (C).-MOUNTAINS AND PLAINS.-Asia is a continent of great tablelands and high mountains. The centre consists of a high tableland called the Plateau of Ti-bet', and to the east of this is a great desert called the Desert of Go'-bi (gō'-bē). The Thi-an-Shan' Mts. go across this tableland, and the Him-a-la'-yas separate it from INDIA. Mount Ev'-er-est, in the Himalayas, the highest mountain in the world, is 29,000 feet, or 5 miles high. The Al-tai' (ŏl-ti') mountains separate the tableland from the Plain of Si-be'-ri-a, and the Kuen-Lun' Mts. (kwěn-loon') run across the plateau, parallel with the Himalayas. To the west of the Himalayas are the Hin'-du Kush Mts. (u=00), and still further west are the deserts of Persia and Arabia. Between EUROPE and ASIA are the U'-ral (oo'-ral) Mts. They are not very high. THE OCEAN. (D).—In addition to the large masses called continents there are a great many smaller pieces of land called islands. Those islands which are close to the continents, and are therefore considered as belonging to them, are called continen'tal islands. Those islands which are scattered in various parts of the ocean, away from the larger masses of land, are called ocean'ic islands. Great Britain, Ire ́land, and all the islands of Europe are continental islands. St. Helena, Ascen'sion, and all the islands of the mid-Pacific are oceanic. The water of the ocean is not equally distributed. There is three times more water south of the equator than north of it. In the eastern hemisphere there is nearly twice as much water as land, [GO TO NEXT PAGE. |