3. Principles of Education, &c. By the Author of 4. Memoranda of the principal Points in the Constitu- 5. The Coming Woman. Boston, United States, 1868 448 VII.-1. Researches in the Highlands of Turkey, including Visits to Mounts Ida, Athos, Olympus, and Pelion, and to the Mirdite Albanians, and other remote Tribes; with Notes on the Ballads, Tales, and Classical Superstitions of the Modern Greek. By Rev. Henry Fanshawe Tozer, M.A., F.R.G.S., Tutor and late Fellow of Exeter College, Oxford. London, 2. Reminiscences of Athens and the Morea: Extract from a Journal of Travels in Greece in 1839. By the late Earl of Carnarvon, Author of Portugal and VIII.-1. The Massacre of St. Bartholomew, preceded by a History of the Religious Wars in the Reign of Charles IX. By Henry White. London, 1868. 2. Les Guises, les Valois, et Philippe II. Par M. Joseph de Croze. 2 vols. Paris, 1866. 3. Henri de Valois et la Pologne en 1572. Par le Marquis de Noailles. 3 vols. Paris, 1867. Edited by J. Russell Reynolds, M.D. London. Vol. I. 1866; Vol. II. 1868 X.-1. A Bill to put an end to the Establishment of the Church of Ireland, and to make Provision in respect of the Temporalities thereof, and in respect of the 2. The Irish Church. A Speech delivered in the House of Commons on March 1, 1869. By the Right Hon. 3. The Three Irish Churches. An Historical Address delivered at Sion College on January 28, 1869. By THE QUARTERLY REVIEW. ART. I.-Lives of Lord Lyndhurst and Lord Brougham, Lord Chancellors and Keepers of the Great Seal of England. By the late John Lord Campbell, LL.D., F.R.S.E. London, 1869. T would be with a view to contrast, rather than to similarity or comparison, that a judicious biographer would couple Lord Lyndhurst and Lord Brougham. It would be impossible to draw a parallel between them in the manner of Plutarch, and difficult to weigh them in the critical balance as Johnson weighed Dryden and Pope, showing how the one possessed more of this quality and the other more of that; for perhaps no two men, rivals and contemporaries, trained and starting for the same prizes, ever arrived at the highest professional and political distinction by such utterly dissimilar means or by such diametrically opposed descriptions of ability. It is this which makes them, conjointly taken, so invaluable a study to the moralist, removes them from the ordinary domain of law or politics, and justifies us in requiring that their lives shall be written in a calm and philosophic spirit. It was this, again, connected with our prior knowledge and high estimate of Lord Campbell's powers, that caused us to open his posthumous volume with a depth of interest, an eagerness of expectation, in which fear was not quite subdued by hope. Had he the precise class and disposition of mind demanded by the undertaking? Would he set about it with the due sense of its responsibilities? Would the advantages he undoubtedly possessed of long and close observation of his subject be more than counterbalanced by the personal bias resulting from familiarity? It is difficult to come constantly in contact with two very superior men for half a century without contracting decided preferences or dislikes; and Lord Campbell was singularly placed in reference to both Lord Lyndhurst and Lord Brougham. Their estimate of him especially Lord Lyndhurst's-was not precisely what he wished, and he knew it. Lord Campbell was a man of marked and varied talent, shrewd, hardheaded, laborious, energetic, bold, ready of speech, ready with the pen, with such breadth of view as could be acquired by Vol. 126.-No. 251. belonging B belonging all his life to the cultivated party of progress-which the Scotch Liberals could fairly boast themselves in his youth. He had pre-eminently the getting-on talent. He managed to secure two peerages whilst exulting in the title of 'plain John ;' he contrived to be made Chief Justice of England in place of a man (Lord Denman) younger than himself, who retired on the ground of age; and after being Chancellor of Ireland and Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, he capped the ascending line of honourable and lucrative appointments with the woolsack. It is no more than just to say that he fairly earned each step of his elevation, and that he amply verified the aphorism attributed to George III, that any man in England is fit for any place that he can get. On the attainment of the last step he was good-humouredly hailed by Lord Lyndhurst, in the House of Lords, in the words of Banquo Thou hast it now, King, Cawdor, Glamis, all As the weird women promised: ' whilst no one thought of completing the quotation— 'And I fear "Thou play'dst most foully for it.' He was a good-natured, kind-hearted and strictly honourable man, who made no enemies that he could help. But he had little of what is commonly called genius, little fancy, and only a moderate sense of humour. His style of oratory was dry and practical. His mode of doing business was effective but prosaicpar negotiis neque supra. His hospitality was liberal, when he had made money and gained a position; but there was no period of his life when he indulged in dissipation or frequented the gay world, and he had none of the grata protervitas of Lyndhurst, none of the careless, reckless, attractive abandon of Brougham. From first to last he had little or nothing in common with either of them. He moved along a plodding path; they, each of them, in a luminous orbit of his own. They openly laughed at his attempts to establish a reputation for oratory by the publication of his Speeches and a name in literature by his 'Lives,' doing him certainly far less than justice in this respect. Whatever the critical objections to them, they have taken permanent rank amongst the most instructive and entertaining of biographies; and this concluding volume (despite of the spirit and bias) is fully equal in attractiveness to its predecessors. Indeed, it is richer than the rest in the personal impressions and reminiscences which give so fine and rare a flavour to the writings of men who have lived, as well as written, history. During the latter years of their joint lives, Lyndhurst and Brougham Brougham became excellent friends, and were fond of talking over past times together; when it was curious to see the vivacious and somewhat apocryphal reminiscences of the one tamed down and corrected by the clear memory and accurate understanding of the other. Lord Campbell was not admitted to these communings, and, as regards Lord Lyndhurst, the bitterness of political antagonism was never softened down by intimacy. The operation of this life-long state of social relations between the operator and the subject to be dissected may be guessed. It left a long arrear of hate to settle with Alonzo;' and the memoir which begins with a hope that 'a hankering kindness' may not prevent sufficient impartiality,' turns out to be the most studied depreciation of a career and character that we ever remember to have read. Perhaps we should call it persevering and systematic rather than studied, for not the slightest care has been bestowed in the verification of the facts. The popular version, especially when unfavourable to Lord Lyndhurst, has been almost uniformly accepted without inquiry or cavil; and, on more than one occasion, disproved statements have been quietly reproduced. We say it with deep regret, but truth and justice compel us to say it: the levity and the flippancy of tone are throughout offensive to feeling and taste. The opening paragraphs convey a tolerably clear notion of what we are to expect, for a consciously fair judge does not begin with a profession of impartiality, and we always distrust a witness who goes out of his way to utter loud assertions of his veracity: 'Many of my contemporaries have sunk into the tomb, but Lord Lyndhurst, considerably my senior, survives, in the full enjoyment of his intellectual powers. He is a noble subject for biography, from his brilliant talents-from the striking vicissitudes of his career-from the antagonistic qualities which he displayed-and from the quick alternation of warm praise and severe censure which must, in fairness, be pronounced upon his actions. Having known him familiarly above half a century both in public and in private life, I ought to be able to do him justice; and notwithstanding a hankering kindness for him with all his faults, I think I can command sufficient impartiality to save me in this Memoir from confounding the distinctions of right and wrong. All rivalry between us has long ceased, and I am sure I can never be induced to disparage or to blame him from resentment or envy. Half in jest, half in earnest, he has prayed that in writing his Life I would be merciful to him; and I have promised that, if he would supply me with materials, I would do my best for him as far as my conscience would allow. He has replied, "Materials you shall have none from me; I have already burnt every letter and paper which B 2 could could be useful to my biographer, therefore he is at liberty to follow his own inclination.' There is a note to the last sentence : 'Lord Lyndhurst has since asked me, "How are you getting on with my Life?" and has offered to correct the proof sheets, adding, "I can surely judge better than any one of the accuracy of your statements.' This reminds me of a married lady, against whom a scandalous story had got abroad, and who said to a friend of mine "You have my authority positively to contradict it; and surely I ought to know whether it be true or false.” This note will be read with surprise by Lord Lyndhurst's surviving relatives and friends, who will with difficulty be brought to believe that he offered, except perhaps in jest, to correct the proof sheets of a work for which he had positively refused to supply materials in any shape. The noble and learned biographer continues: When I have proceeded a little way, Law Reports, Parliamentary Debates, and my own testimony, will furnish me with abundant materials for my narrative. But in starting, I have only uncertain rumours as to the origin of Lord Lyndhurst and his infancy. I thought that Debrett's, Lodge's, or Burke's "Peerage," would at least have given me a pedigree, which I might have adopted; but instead of telling us how the first Copley, under the name of De Couple, came in with the Conqueror, and tracing the Chancellor up to him, they do not even mention the Chancellor's father, for they all begin with his own birth on the 21st of May, 1772, as if he had then sprung from the earth, without even telling us what region of the world witnessed this wonderful vegetation.' Wonderful vegetation! Could the force of bad taste go further, even assuming that there was the slightest foundation for the sneer? We turned to Burke's Peerage' and found : Lineage, Richard Copley, of the Co. Limerick, who emigrated to America, and became of Boston in the United States, m. Sarah, younger daughter of John Singleton, Esq., great-grandfather of the present John Singleton, Esq., of Quinville Abbey, Co. Clare, and had a son, 'John Singleton Copley, who settled in England, and obtaining eminence as a painter, was elected Member of the Royal Academy. He m. Miss Clarke, and by her, who died 1836, left at his decease in 1815, a son, John Singleton Copley, Lord Lyndhurst, and three daughters.' This extract exposes the gross inaccuracy of the passage we are about to quote, as well as that of the passage we have just quoted: 'The account of himself which he sent to these genealogists seems to |