Pidgin and Creole Languages: A Basic Introduction

AAVE acrolect African languages Arabic dialects artificial languages basilect belong Bickerton bioprogram hypothesis century Chinese Pidgin English Classical Arabic Colloquial Arabic considered Creole Languages creole studies creolization culture Cushitic languages decreolization definition derives English-based creoles Esperanto etymology European example expanded pidgin expressing foreigner talk French genesis genetic grammar Guyanese historical Holm Jamaican Creole jargon Journal of Pidgin Juba Arabic Kaye Klingon language learning learner lexemes lexical lexicon lexifier language lingua franca McWhorter meaning Media Lengua mixed languages morphology Mühlhäusler Muysken native language native speakers normal nouns origin phonemic phonological Pidgin Arabic Pidgin German Pidgin Japanese pidgin language pidginistics and creolistics pidgins and creoles plural Portuguese prepidgin prior creolization relexification restructuring role semantic similar simpler simplified slaves southern Sudan Spanish speaking spoken substratal influence substrate languages substratist substratum superstrate superstratum theory Thomason Tok Pisin Tosco universalist Unserdeutsch verb verbal system vocabulary word