think we have given Lord Falkland as much notice as he deserves. Adhering, as our usual mode has been, to chronological order, the next letters we come to are the following from Hammond to Sheldon and Ussher.

[Harl. 105.]

"Dear Sir,-Since the writing of that of mine from this place, to which your last was answer, the lady here hath been in great danger, miscarrying assuredly expected every hour, and that apprehended very dangerous; but God hath again restored her to a more hopeful condition, though yet with some reasons to expect or fear the contrary. This, I believe, will keep me here at least till after Christmas. She and the La[dy] C[oventry] and L[ady] S[avile] present their love to you. I do fully consent to the great reasonableness of all you have now said of our friends at A., and shall most willingly do what at any time you appoint me in that matter, both by myself and others whom you shall think fit to name to me. I had one from D[r.] S[teward] which told me the same miracle of himself which you mention from him. Have you seen Grotius on the Revelations, and the Epistles of Peter, John, and Jude? It is printed cheatingly with the last edition of De Ver[itate] Chr[istianæ] Rel[igionis] with notes, which make up almost half the folio volume, and sure the thing wanted the author's last cares. The second Epistle of Peter, second and third of John and Jude, are affixed to other authors, Simeon the Bishop of Jerusalem] John of Ephesus, Jude of Jerusalem, and such like wide conjectures. But sure Mr. Seld [en]'s first volume of three De Synedriis, spent eight parts of the whole, against excommunication will find you out. We are a sort of very temperate men if it be not replied to.

"Dec. 6, [1650.] "For Dr. Sheldon.

[Ussher CCXLI.]

I am yours, [Henry Hammond.]"

"My Lord,-Some few dissertations I have put together, with some purpose to advertise them to the press; but first desire to offer them to your grace's view to receive your judgment of the fitness of so doing. If the whole do bring too great a trouble to your grace, you may then read over the Lemmata, and thereby be directed to read where you think there will be most hazard of my running any error. And if, upon survey, your grace shall find cause to send back the book again for my further thoughts, it will be welcome if accompanied with your directions.

"But if there be no more dangerous ofáλuara than what your pen may without much trouble correct, I desire it may then be returned to Mr. Royston, this bearer, with a word of notice to him that he may proceed.

"But I must desire from your grace the favour of perfect secrecy till the book be printed, and then it shall visit your grace again. "From your grace's most humble servant, H. Hammond."

"Dec. 6, [1650.]

[Ussher CCXLV.]

"My Lord,-To the trouble that I have lately offered your grace I beseech your pardon, if I present this addition in desiring a view of your variæ lectiones of the New Testament, which I conceive fit to be looked on, to prepare these notes for the press, which I have now in good part done. If this favour be uncivil for me to ask, or inconvenient for your grace to grant, I shall by your least word be kept from further importuning it, but if you see fit to communicate them, this bearer, Mr. Royston, will safely convey them to me; and at what time your grace shall appoint, return them to you, "From your grace's most obliged servant, H. Hammond."

"December 10, 1650.

We have reprinted the last two letters, though they may be seen in Parr's Life of Ussher, because they indicate the different relation in which their writer stood towards his friend Dr. Sheldon, and the Primate of Ireland. We noticed in our last month's paper that Hammond does not appear to have been on terms of familiar intercourse with the Archbishop of Armagh, and it is curious to observe that perhaps both of these letters refer to points of criticism. The former of the two written on the very same day with the previous letter, addressed to Sheldon, is singularly enough contrasted with it both in style and subject. The allusion to Selden's late publication, about which Sheldon would sympathize with Hammond, would have been quite out of place in a letter to Ussher, whose views would probably not differ materially from Selden's. The mention of Grotius was such as might have been made to either of his correspondents, as he had a high reputation amongst all the episcopal divines in England. Hammond seems to have entertained a particular friendship for him, and it is his usual habit to attribute what appear to be mistakes in his posthumous publications to their not having had their author's last correction given them, before going to press. The last of the two letters to Ussher shows that Hammond was still going on with the Annotations to the New Testament. This volume, together with the Dissertationes Quatuor must have occupied nearly his whole attention. The latter was kept back till June 1651, and the former did not appear till the commencement of 1653.

The next two letters are reprinted from the same volume. They seem to show that Hammond had written in English, before the summer of 1650, a Dissertation on the genuineness of the Epistles

of S. Ignatius, which at the advice of the Archbishop he presented to the world in Latin. The account of this volume, which, owing to the language in which it was written, is little read in the present day, we must reserve for our next month's communication, as we shall also do with the account of Salmasius which we promised in our last paper. We hope then to give some notice of both Blondel and Salmasius, who are the two persons alluded to as having beaten down the calling of episcopacy.

[Ussher CCXLIV.]

"Good Doctor,--I have read with great delight and content your accurate answer to the objection made against the credit of İgnatius' epistles, for which, as I do most heartily thank you, so I am moved thereby further to intreat you to publish to the world in Latin what you have already written in English against this objector, and that other who for your pains hath rudely requited you with the bare appellation of Nebulo for the assertion of episcopacy, to the end it may no longer be credited abroad that these two have so beaten down this calling, that the defence thereof is now beaten down by all men, as by Lud. Capellus is intimated in his Theses of Church Government at Sedan, lately published, which I leave to your serious consideration, and all your godly labours to the blessing of our GOD in Whom I evermore rest

"July 21, [1650.]

"Your very loving friend and brother,
Ja. Armachanus."

[Ussher CCXLVI.]

"Reverend Sir, I read over your book with no small admiration, both of the infiniteness of the pains which you have taken, and the exactness of the judgment which you have showed therein. The only thing I could wish is, that the accurate tractate of the Gnostic heresy should come out apart in a dissertation by itself, without any reference to the argument of your other main discourse: for howsoever the occasion of bringing it in be not unapt, yet the application of S. Paul's prophecy thereunto is not like to find such acceptance in the Reformed Churches beyond the sea, that I should desire the principal argument in hand might be adventured in the same bottom with the other. The varieties of the readings of the New Testament out of the Cambridge copies I have sent unto you; but those out of the Oxford ones, wherein yourself had a chief hand, I can by no means find, and do much fear that they were plundered among my other books and papers by the rude Welch in Glamorganshire. Yet instead thereof I have sent unto you the διττογραφίας excerpted out of the volumes wherein the ancient edition of the Septuagint is contained, in the library of S. James', which if it may stand you in any stead, I shall be very glad. "Your own,

"London, Jan. 14, 1650[1.]

J.A."

POSTSCRIPT TO THE ARTICLE ON UNIVERSITY STUDIES AND EXAMINATIONS.

SINCE our article on this subject was printed off, we have learnt that a Form of Statute has passed the Hebdomadal Board, adopting Mr. Stanley's "suggestions" in their most essential points. It is proposed, we understand, to have three examinations; and for the last there are to be four schools; 1 and 2, as now, in Literis Humanioribus, and in Mathematics; 3 in Physical Science; and 4, in Modern History and Political Economy. Having already deprecated any such arrangement, we will only add, that if it were possible to find any subjects for the study of which, both Text Books and recognized principles were wanting, it is the two selected for distinction in the last school, and thus put on a par with the highest branches of human learning. Our belief is, that such a system should actually have the effect of narrowing the course of study with a large number of men, by leading them to bestow prematurely that time upon Adam Smith and Macaulay, which they would otherwise have spent upon Thucydides and Aristotle. It is not a little singular, that a body of men of mature age, who have all their life long been lauding the system of their University as perfect, should now on a sudden turn round at the suggestion of a writer not remarkable for the soundness of his judgment, and propose such an entire departure from the course wherein Oxford has hitherto gloried.

REVIEWS AND NOTICES.

The Baronial and Ecclesiastical Antiquities of Scotland Illustrated. By R. W. BILLINGS and W. Burn. Edinburgh and London: W. Blackwood and Sons.

We have long owed a favourable notice to this work, which has been coming out in occasional numbers for some years. The ecclesiology and other ancient remains of the middle age in Scotland are eminently interesting on various accounts, especially on account of the light which they throw upon the history both of Church and State in that country. Some difficulty of access, however, and the habit of running abroad for all that is admirable or picturesque have produced a general neglect of Scotland's treasures in this kind. Hundreds of picturesque tourists and thousands of ardent grouse shooters yearly visit

her glens and braes, and many write on either of these topics, but the work we are now noticing is the only attempt at a systematic reproduction of the interesting remains with which Scotland abounds. The work consists merely of prints without letter-press, and for general fidelity and excellence of engraving, as well as for extraordinary cheapness, it certainly deserves encouragement. To the ecclesiologist indeed it will probably act (and do good service thus) as an incentive to make himself accurately and scientifically acquainted with the noble churches so full of character and intrinsic beauty of conception and detail, which he will find here figured. If such as are competent would familiarize the ecclesiological world with the varieties and idiosyncracies of Scottish buildings they would be doing good service to the cause which owes so much, and we trust will owe more and more, to a wide inductive experience—and to such a work Messrs. Billings and Burn's publication will afford a most useful beginning. While on the subject of Scottish ecclesiology we may mention that we have been favoured with a view of Mr. Butterfield's plans and elevations for the new cathedral of the diocese of S. Andrew's, and have been much pleased with them. If we may venture a criticism it would be concerning the flat east end. Whatever we may think of an apse in England, in Scotland it can never be inappropriate in a Middle-Pointed building, and where dignity and an air of infinity are desirable, as in the case of a small cathedral church it surely is, an apse seems peculiarly suitable. Otherwise the plan is at once worthy of the munificence and piety of those who support it, and suited for the position and prospects of that portion of the Catholic Church.

Hyperion, a Romance, by W. H. LONGFELLOW. London: H. S. Clarke and Co., Strand. 1848.

MR. LONGFELLOW's Hyperion is the most unsatisfactory of books. It is full of beauty; vivid and poetical descriptions, rapid sketches of individual and national character-politics, ethics, and theology rapidly succeed each other, but through all runs a morbid tone of unrest, and a vague aspiration after an unascertained something (or nothing) which wearies and baffles the mind. His hero has lost the object of his affections, and driven by the sense of an aching void within, rushes to and fro in Europe, tasting of all and feeding upon none of the delicia of travel, till he stumbles upon another lady love. Unluckily she is not smitten as he is, being engaged to somebody else, and so off sets our hero again for Interlachen no better than before. The end is more misty than the beginning, but it seems to be summed up in that sublime truth that it's a long lane which has no turning," and away goes the hero with a vague idea that he may be not far from the said turning. This is simply very tiresome and somewhat absurd; but the author's illustrations from Scripture, and his condescending patronage of the Catholic Faith, (among other religions) is both noxious and lamentable, and we should advise no Christian to purchase the pleasure