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A MANUAL

OF THE

STEAM ENGINE,

AND OTHER

PRIME MOVERS.

THIRD EDITION, Pocket-size, Leather, 12s. 6d.; also for Office Use, Cloth, 12s. 6d.
BOILERS:

Including Rules, Formulæ, Rules, and Tables for the Construction of Boilers,
Safety-Valves, Material for Boilers, Tables of Areas, &c.
Arranged in a convenient form for the use of Engineers, Inspectors, Surveyors,
Draughtsmen, Boiler-makers, and Steam-users.

BY THOMAS W. TRAILL, F.E.R. N., M. Inst. C.E..
Engineer-Surveyor-in-Chief to the Board of Trade.

In the New Issue the subject-matter has been considerably extended, and Tables have been added for Pressures up to 200 lbs. per square inch.

"A MOST USEFUL VOLUME... supplying information to be had nowhere else."-Engineer. "It will save Engineers, Inspectors, and Draughtsmen a VAST AMOUNT of calculation."-Nature,

THIRTEENTH EDITION, Revised and Enlarged. Price 21s.
MARINE ENgineering (A Manual of).

The Designing, Construction, and Working of Marine Machinery.
BY A. E. SEATON, M. Inst. Nav. Arch.,

Lecturer on Marine Engineering, Royal Naval College, Greenwich.

With Tables and Illustrations Reduced from Working Drawings.

* In the THIRTEENTH EDITION appears a New Chapter on WATER-TUBE BOILERS, Illu trated. "In the three-fold capacity of enabling a Student to learn how to design, construct, and work a modern Marine Steam-Engine, Mr. Seaton's Manual has no rival."-Times.

SECOND EDITION. In Crown 8vo, very fully Illustrated. Cloth, 4s. 6d.

STEAM-BOILERS:

Their Defects, Management, and Construction.
By R. D. MUNRO,

Engineer of the Scottish Boiler Insurance and Engine Inspection Company.

"A valuable companion for Workmen and Engineers engaged about Steam-Boilers, ought to be carefully studied, and always at hand."-Colliery Guardian.

"Presents a great deal of useful information in a succinct and practical manner."-Ironmonger

BY W. J. MACQUORN RANKINE, C.E., LL.D., F.R.S.,
Late Regius Professor of Civil Engineering in the University of Glasgow,

In Crown 8vo, Cloth, with Numerous Tables and Diagrams.

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*.* The "MECHANICAL TEXT-BOOK," by Prof. RANKINE and E. F. BAMBER, C.E., was designed as an INTRODUCTION to the above series of Manuals.

TWELFTH EDITION. Pocket Size, 680 pp., Leather, 8s. 6d.

A POCKET-BOOK OF ELECTRICAL RULES AND TABLES
For the Use of Electricians and Engineers.
BY JOHN MUNRO, C.E.,

AND

ANDREW JAMIESON, F.R.S.E., M.I.C.E., M.I.E.E.

"WONDERFULLY PERFECT.

Worthy of the highest commendation we can give it "-Electrician. "THE STERLING VALUE of Messrs. MUNRO & JAMIRSON'S POCKET-BOOK."-Electrical Review,

LONDON: CHARLES GRIFFIN & CO., EXETER STREET, STRAND.

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WILLIAM JOHN MACQUORN RANKINE,

CIVIL ENGINEER; LL.D. TRIN. COLL. DUB.; F.R.SS. LOND. AND EDIN.; F.R.S.S.A.;
LATE REGIUS PROFESSOR OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MECHANICS IN THE UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW,

ETC., ETC.

With Numerous Engravings, folding-Plates, and a Diagram of
the Mechanical Properties of Steam.

FOURTEENTH EDITION, REVISED.

LY

W. J. MILLAR, C.E.,

LATE SECRETARY, INST. ENGINEERS AND SHIPBUILDERS IN SCOTLAND.

LONDON:

CHARLES GRIFFIN AND COMPANY, LIMITED;

EXETER STREET, STRAND.

1897.

[The Right of Translation Reserved.]

MAR 2J 1901

TH TH
PX16 1897

PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION.

THE purpose of this book is to explain the scientific principles of the action of " PRIME MOVERS," or machines for obtaining motive power, and to show how those principles are to be applied to practical questions.

It has been deemed advisable to prefix to the Treatise a very brief Historical Sketch, relating chiefly to the Steam Engine, the only prime mover whose history is known.

The body of the work commences with an Introduction, treating of principles, and of mechanical contrivances, which are common to all prime movers, and of the laws of the strength of materials, so far as they are applicable to those machines. Some passages in the Introduction are extracted from a previous Treatise on Applied Mechanics, and abridged or amplified as may be required, in order to suit the purpose of the present Treatise. Such passages are indicated by the letters A. M., with a reference to the number of the corresponding Article in that work.

The first part following the Introduction treats of the use of muscular strength to obtain motive power.

The second part treats of prime movers driven by the motion of water and of air, including water-pressure engines, waterwheels, turbines, and windmills.

The third and largest part treats of engines driven by the mechanical action of heat, and especially of the steam engine. It explains, in the first place, the phenomena of heat, so far as they affect, directly or indirectly, mechanical action in engines; secondly, the laws of combustion and properties of fuel, and the principles upon which economy of fuel depends; thirdly, the laws of the action of heat in producing motive power, or "PRINCIPLES OF THERMODYNAMICS," as applied to the various engines in which that action takes place, and especially to steam engines of all varieties; fourthly, the nature and action of the parts of furnaces and boilers; fifthly, the nature and action of the mechanism of steam engines. The fourth part explains the principles of the action of electro

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