SECTION XIV.

ARTIFICERS' WORK. ·

ARTIFICERS Compute the value of their work by dif ferent measures, viz.

1. Glazing and mason's flat work, &c. by the foot. 2. Painting, plastering, paving, &c. by the yard. 3. Flooring, partitioning, roofing, tiling, &c. by the square, each consisting of 100 square feet.

4. Brick and stone work by the perch of 16 solid feet each.

The measures made use of in artificers' works are contained in the following table.

Bricklayers compute their work at the rate of a brick and a half in thickness, and if a wall be more or less than this standard it must be reduced to it by the following. Rule-Multiply the superficial content of the wall in feet by the number of half bricks in the thickness, divide the product by three, and the quotient will be the content required.

1. How many square perches are there in a wall 48 feet long, 12 feet 6 inches high, and 24 bricks thick? Ans. 3,673+ square perches. 2. How many square perches are there in a wall 63 feet 3 inches long, 16 feet 9 inches high, and 2+ bricks thick? Ans. 6,452+ square perches.

3. If each side wall of a building be 60 feet long on the outside, each end wall 35 feet 6 inches in the inside, and the height of the building 30 feet, and the gable at each end of the wall 10 feet, what is the content in square perches, the whole being 2 bricks thick? Ans. 29,8 square perches.

PROBLEM II.

Of Masons' Work.

All sorts of stone work are performed by masons, and the measure made use of is the solid perch, containing 16 solid feet.

EXAMPLES.

1. How many solid perches of stone are contained in a cellar wall, the length being 45 feet 6 inches on a side, and the breadth within 24 feet at each end, 6 feet 9 inches high, and 2 feet thick ?

Ans. 113,72+ perches.

2. What is the expense of making a stone wall under a building, whose length is 42 feet, breadth on the outside 26 feet, the height of the wall being 6 feet 6 inches, and 2 feet thick, at 40 cents per solid perch?

Ans. $40,339+.

3. A cellar wall is 36 feet in length on each side, the breadth in the inside 24 feet, the height 6 feet, and the thickness of the wall one foot 9 inches-What is the expense for stone and workmanship at ,90 cents per perch? Ans. $68,724 the expense.

4. The dimensions of a certain building are as follow, viz. 58 feet by 26 on the outside, height of the building

22 feet, height of the gable at each end 12 feet, thickness of the wall 15 inches; two doors 4 by 8 feet each; 28 windows, each 3 by 6 feet-What will the workmanship amount to at 56 cents a perch, making no deduction for doors and windows; and what the expense for stone at 44 cents a perch, deducting doors and windows?

Ans. $164,08 the workmanship, and $106,92 the value of the stone.

PROBLEM III.

Carpenters' and Joiners' Work.

The work of carpenters and joiners is that of flooring, partitioning, roofing, &c., and is measured by the square of 100 feet.

EXAMPLES.

1. If a floor be 60 feet long, 28 feet 9 inches broad, how many squares will it contain?

Ans. 17,25 squares. 2. What is the expense of flooring a building 45 feet 6 inches long, 26 feet 9 inches wide, two stories high, at 1,36 cents per square? Ans. $49,6587. 3. A partition is 96 feet 9 inches long, and 11 feet 6 inches broad-How many squares will it contain ? Ans. 11,12625 squares.

4. If the length of a building be 52 feet 6 inches, and the breadth 30 feet 3 inches, what will be the expense of roofing at 1,25 cents per square, the length of the rafter being of the breadth of the building?

PROBLEM IV.

Ans. $23,82.

Of Slaters' and Tilers' Work.

Rule-Multiply the length of the ridge by the girt from eave to eave, and in slating, allowance must be made for the double row at the bottom. In taking the girt the line is made to ply over the lowest row of

slates, and returned up the under side till it meets with the wall or eaves-board; but in tiling, the line is stretched down only to the lowest part without returning it up again double measure is generally allowed for hips, valleys, gutters, &c. but no deductions are made for chimneys.

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EXAMPLES.

1. The length of a slated roof is 48 feet 6 inches, and X its girt 36 feet 3 inches-What is the content?

Ans. 1708,125 square feet.

2. How many dollars will pay for tiling a barn at $3,40 per square, the length being 42 feet 6 inches, and the breadth 26 feet 9 inches, the length of the rafter being the width of the building, and the eaves projecting 9 inches on each side?

Ans. $60,148+ the expense.

PROBLEM V.

Of Plasterers' Work.

Plasterers' work is of two kinds, viz. plastering upon laths, called ceiling; and plastering upon walls, called rendering: and these different kinds must be separately measured, and their contents collected into one sum, proper deductions being made for doors and windows.

EXAMPLES.

1. If a ceiling be 64 feet 9 inches long, and 24 feet 6 inches broad, how many square yards does it contain?

2. If the partitions between two about, and 11 feet 6 inches high, yards do they contain?

Ans.176.9 rooms be 150 feet how many square

Ans. 11.67

3. If the length of a room be 21 feet 8 inches, its breadth 17 feet 4 inches, and its height 10 feet 3 inches, what will be the expense for plastering, at 7 cents per yard, deducting one door, whose size is 7 feet by 3 feet 3 inches? Ans. $8,961.

PROBLEM VI.

Of Pavers' Work.

Pavers' work is done by the square yard, and the content is found by multiplying the length by the breadth. If the dimensions be taken in feet, and the area be found in the same measure, the result being divided by 9, will give the number of square yards it

contains.

EXAMPLES.

1. The length of a rectangular court-yard is 45 feet, and the breadth 18 feet 9 inches-What will be the expense of paving at 40 cents per square yard?

Ans. $37,50.

2. A rectangular court-yard is 64 feet 9 inches long, and 45 feet 6 inches in breadth-What is the expense of paving, at 45 cents per square yard?

Ans. $147,30.

3. *The paving of a square, at 40 cents per yard, cost the same that the inclosing did at 1,20 cents— What was the side of the square? Ans. 12 yards.

Of Vaulted and Arched Roofs.

Arched roofs are either vaults, domes, saloons, or groins.

Vaulted roofs are formed by arches, which spring from the opposite walls and meet in a line at the top. Domes are formed by arches springing from a circular or polygonal base and meeting in a point at the top. Saloons are made by arches connecting the side walls to a flat roof or ceiling in the middle groins, or are formed by the intersection of vaults with each other.

Domes and saloons rarely occur in the practice of measuring, but vaults and groins cover the cellars of most houses.

* Divide the value of enclosing one yard square by the expense of paving one square yard, and the quotient will be the number of yards contained in the side of the square.