Commonore Charles Bullen. C. B., to the command of his Majesty's squadron on the coast of Africa, vice Sir Robert Mends, Knight, deceased. -In Hart Street, Mrs Couper, of a daughter. Dec. 2. In Union Street, Mrs Robert Dunlop, of a son. 4. In Bellevue Crescent, the Lady of James Wilson, Esq. advocate, of a daughter. 6. At Banff, Mrs Walter Biggar, of a daughter. 7. At Bishop's Court, Isle of Man, Lady Sarah Murray, of a daughter. 9. At Sundrum, Mrs Hamilton of Sundrum, of a daughter. 10. At Dunninald, Mrs Arkley, of a son. 12. In North Hanover Street, Mrs Robert Nasmyth, of a daughter. At Jordan-hill, Mrs Smyth, of a daughter. 13. At 8, Shandwick Place, the Hon. Mrs Peter Ramsay, of a daughter. - Mrs C. Terrott, Northumberland Street, of a daughter. -At Castlemilk, the Lady of William Stirling, Esq. of a daughter. 15. At Woodburn, Morningside, the Lady of George Ross, Esq. advocate, of a daughter. 16. At No. 4, George Street, Mrs Dr Nicoll, St Andrews, of a son. -In Frederick Street, the Lady of Henry Harrington, Esq. of a daughter. 20. At Ballancrieff House, Lady Elibank, of a daughter. 21. At Whitton, the Lady of Charles Calvert, Esq. M.P. of a son and heir. son. Mrs John Wardrop, 105, George Street, of a 23. At Deanbank House, Mrs William Bruce, of a son. In Great King Street, the Lady of Captain A. R. Kerr, C.B. Royal Navy, of a daughter. At Preshaw House, county of Hants, the Right Hon. Lady Mary Long, of a son. 24. At Rassay House, Mrs Macleod of Rassay, of a son. -In Picardy Place, the Lady of Major James ⚫ Harvey of Castle Semple, of a son. -At Edinburgh, the Lady of George Govan, Esq. M.D. Bengal Establishment, of a son. 26. At Eaglescairne, the Lady of Major-General the Hon. Patrick Stuart, of a daughter. 27. At 35, York Place, Mrs Reid, of a son. 28. In Upper Bedford Place, Russell Square, London, the Lady of John Loch, Esq. of a daughter. 29. In Mortimer Street, Cavendish Square London, the Lady of Colonel Hugh Baillie, of a daughter. 30. At Aberdeen, Mrs Henry Lumsden, of a son. Lately. At Lochbuy House, Mrs M'Laine, of a daughter. MARRIAGES. July 12. At Madras, Joseph Cox, Esq. surgeon to the Hon. the Governor's Body Guard, to Catherine Grace, eldest daughter of Major Waugh, of the Madras ariny. Nov. 24. At Colinsburgh, William Bonthrone, Esq. surgeon, Crail, to Margaret, daughter of the late John Scott, Esq. Crail. -At Lauder, George Simson, Esq. to Agnes, youngest daughter of the late Bailie George, Lauder. 25. At Edinburgh, the Rev. George Blyth, to Ellen Scott, eldest daughter of the late Henry Tod, Esq. 27. At London, Robert Hibbert, second son of Robert Hibbert, Esq. of Birtleshall, in Cheshire, and of Chalfont House, Bucks, to Charlotte, eldest daughter of John Drummond, Esq. of Charing Cross. Dec. 1. At Hamilton, William Owen Davies, Esq. of Newtown, Montgomeryshire, North Wales, to Euphemia May, daughter of the late William Beveridge, Esq. Edinburgh. -At Greenock, George Corsane Cunninghame, Esq. to Margaret Fenella, second daughter of the late James Macdowall, Esq. of Glasgow. - Mr Yates, the celebrated comedian of CoventGarden Theatre, to Miss Brunton, daughter of Mr John Brunton, manager of the Exeter theatre. 2. At Kirkliston Manse, John Scott, Esq. Dundee, to Ann, daughter of the late Alexander Reid, Esq. of Ratho Bank. -At London, John Johnston, Esq. eldest son of John Johnston, Esq. of Danson, county of Kent, to Helen, eldest daughter of Walter Learmonth, Esq. Montague Street, Russell Square. -At Lindertis, James Wemycs, Esq. Captain in the Royal Scots Greys, to Miss Frances Wemyss, fourth daughter of the late William Wemyss, Esq. of Cuttlehill. 4. At Chichester, the Hon. Captain Berkeley, Royal Navy, to Lady Charlotte Lennox, sister to the Duke of Richmond. -At Edinburgh, Robert John Napier Kellette, Esq. of the 48th Regiment, to Jemima, only child of the late James Hunter of Craigluncheoch, Esq. 5. Mr John Mackay, merchant, Inverness, to Juliana, youngest daughter of the late Angus Mackay, Esq. Carnachy, Sutherlandsnire. 8. At Viewforth, Mr James Chalmers, solicitor at law, to Jane, second daughter of Alexander Smellie, Esq. 9. At Bath, Captain Colin Campbell, R. N. to Elmira, widow of Lieut.-General Richard Gore. 11. At Edinburgh, Alexander Macdonald, Esq. of Delilea, to Jane, only surviving daughter of the deceased John Roberts, Esq. of Carronflatts. -At Greenhead, Glasgow, John Wilson, Esq. Millport, to Miss Morris, daughter of the late Captain Hugh Morris. 12. At Smithyhaugh, James Smith, Esq. manufacturer, Auchterarder, to Ann, daughter of Peter Gibson, Esq. of Smithyhaugh. 13. At Fermoy, Ireland, Richard Wharton Myddleton, Esq. Captain in the 71st Light Infantry, to Frances Penelope, only child of Lieut.Colonel Watson, of the same Regiment. 15. At Bury, Lancashire, William Thomson, Esq. of the Island of Java, merchant, to Grace, daughter of the late Mr James Grant, of Glasgow. 18. At Edinburgh, Mr Alexander Graham, merchant, Glasgow, to Jane, daughter of Mr R. D. Fleeming, merchant, Edinburgh. - Brora, Sutherlandshire, William Robertson, Esq. to Miss Gunn, eldest daughter of the Rev. James Gunn, minister of the parish of Latheron, Caithness-shire. At St George's, Hanover Square, London, William Duncombe, Esq. M.P. to the Right Hon. Lady Louisa Stewart, youngest daughter of the Earl of Galloway. 19. At Sciennes, Mr George Bell Brown, brewer, to Nancy, daughter of the late John Gibson, Esq. 29. In Young Street, Mr James Murray, mer chant, Lanark, to Jane, youngest daughter of Mr David Kilgour, Edinburgh. 30. At Glasgow, Charles Berry Blyth, Esq. late of Buenos Ayres, to Robina Hannah, youngest daughter of the late Gilbert Auchinvole, Esq. Lately. At Portsmouth, Captain Thomas Monck Mason, Royal Navy, to Mary, eldest daughter of the Hon. Sir George Grey, Bart. K.C.B. and niece to Earl Grey. DEATHS. May 4, 1825. At Calcutta, Andrew, second son of the late John Heugh, Esq. of Gartcows, Stirlingshire. June. In Calcutta, Charles Scott Robertson, Esq. indigo planter, from Peebles. 19. At Bhoojee, George, infant son of Colonel Mackonochie, Hon. East India Company's service, on the Bombay Establishment. 29. At Barrackpore, in Bengal, Ensign George Downie Cullen, of the Bengal army, son of James Cullen, Esq. Stockbridge, Edinburgh. 30. In the Island of Trinidad, in consequence of a fall from his horse, James Boyd, Esq. captain in his Majesty's 9th regiment of foot. July 20. At Mooskupore, in Bengal, Mr Robert Pattullo, indigo planter, aged 34, son of the late Lieutenant William l'attullo, of Dundee. 23. At Valparaiso, coast of Chili, Mr George M'Farquhar, eldest son of the late John M'Farquhar, Esq. W. S. Aug. 5. At Calcutta, Captain John Pearson, of the ship Ogle Castle. Sept. 6. At Kingston, Jamaica, the Hon. George Kinghorn. 11. At Mount Irvine, Tobago, Archibald, eldest son of Mr Alexander Sinclair, Kilchamaig, Argyllshire. 17. At Antigua, Richard Willock Morson, second son of the late Walter Skerrett Morson, of the Island of Montserrat. 20. In the Island of Barbadoes, the Hon. John Forster Alleyne, late President of his Majesty's Council of that Island. 24. At Cape Town, on her passage to India, Catherine Richardson, wife of Lieutenant David Sherriff, of the 24th Bengal Native Infantry. Oct. 3. At Moone, near New Orleans, America, Mr James M'Nair, second son of the late Rev. James M'Nair of Slamannan. 4. At Natchez, Mississippi State, North America, Dr Matthew Provan, formerly of Glasgow. 9. At sea, off the coast of Newfoundland, on his passage from Jamaica, Lieut. Peter Reddie, R. N. commander of the ship Thisbe, West India man. Nov. 1. At Fisherrow, Mrs Hannah Archer, and on the 10th, her husband, Mr Thomas Handasyde, seedsman and florist there. 16. At Aberdeen, the Rev. Hugh Duncan, for many years Episcopal clergyman at Dunkeld. 25. At Crieff, Mrs Barlas, relict of the Rev. James Barlas. 25. At Bannockburn, Mr Andrew Thomson, accountant in the Bank of Scotland's Office, Stirling. 26. At Foyers House, Inverness-shire, Mrs Fraser, of Foyers. -At the Manse of Skene, the Rev. James Hogg, D. D. in the 72d year of his age, and 47th of his ministry. 28 At his seat, Picton Castle, Pembrokeshire, after a long and severe illness, the Right Hon. Richard Philips, Lord Milford. David Miller, Esq. of Pow, Fifeshire. At Lauriston, Mrs Halkerston of Carskerdo. -At Edinburgh, Mr John Low, writer. Dec. 1. At the Water of Leith, in the 81st year of her age, Mrs Janet Cattanach, relict of Mr John Stewart, merchant, Water of Leith. -At the Manse of Pettinain, Mrs Mary Lockhart, wife of the Rev. George Dickson. 2. At Airdrie, Bethea Black, eldest daughter of the Rev. Robert Torrance. -At Alloa, John Jameson, Esq. sheriff-clerk of Clackmannanshire. - At Glendaruel House, Miss Campbell, of Glendaruel. - Robert Vyner, Esq. of Easthorpe, Warwickshire. This gentleman was out shooting on the preceding day, and while getting through a hedge the trigger of his gun caught against a branch of it, when the piece unfortunately went off, and lodged its contents in his body. 3. Mr Archibald Roxburgh, merchant, Glasgow. At L'Orient, France, Mr Peter John Blair, who for many years resided in Ayr and its vicinity. -At her house, York Place, Mrs Hay Mudie. At Lathallan, Major John Lumsden, of Lathallan and Blanerne. 5. At Cargen, the Lady of William Stothert, Esq. of Cargen. -At his house in Gayfield Square, Mr Andrew Henderson, of the house of Sir William Forbes and Co. 7. At Irvine, John Peebles, Esq. late Captain 42d Regiment, in the 85th year of his age. - At his house, Leith, Mr John Macleod, brewer, Leith. -At Edinburgh, Thomas Ireland, Esq. of Upper Urquhart, Fifeshire. 8. Mrs Janet Arnot, wife of Mr John Edgar, builder. -At East Kilspindie, Captain David Lauder, Perthshire Militia. -In Keir Street, Laurieston, Mrs Mary Young, wife of Mr George Lorimer, builder, Edinburgh. -At Aberdeen, in the 63d year of his age, the Rev. John Gordon, Roman Catholic clergyman. -The Right Hon. Thomas Steele, formerly one of the representatives in Parliament for Chichester. 10. At Edinburgh, Alexander Dick, Esq. accountant. -In Brook Street, London, in his 63d year, Sir Eyre Coote, of West Park, Hants. 11. Near London, Lumsdaine Alves, Esq. Navy Pay Office. -At Edinburgh, Mr George Peel Lys, only surviving son of Thomas Lys, Esq. of London. - At her father's house, in her 19th year, Elizabeth, eldest daughter of Mr James Moir, surgeon, Teviot Row. 12. At her house, in Gayfield Place, Miss Jean Clark, daughter of the late Gilbert Clark, Esq. 13. At Leith, in the 58th year of his age, the Rev. Robert Culbertson, minister of the Gospel, and pastor of the Associate Congregation, St Andrew's Street. 14. At Mortonmains, Dumfries-shire, very suddenly, George Welsh, Esq. aged 74. At Clifton, Miss Harriet Buchan, eldest daughter of the late George Buchan, Esq. of Kelloe, Berwickshire. 15. At Nice, the Hon. and Rev. Thomas Alfred Harris, son of the late, and brother to the present, Earl of Malmesbury. -At the Mansion House, Greenock, Mrs Thomas Crawford, in the 78th year of her age. -In London, Joseph Bambridge, sen. Esq. of Newcastle, solicitor, aged 55. He went to the metropolis to undergo an operation for an aneurism of the arm, brought on by phlebotomy unskilfully performed several years ago. The excision was dexterously effected by an eminent surgeon, and for several days flattering hopes were entertained of a perfect recovery; but on Monday the blood rushed to the head, and death quickly seized his victim, to the incalculable loss of his numerous and disconsolate family. 74. 16. At Hamburgh, George Thomson, Esq. aged -At her father's house, aged 23, Christian, eldest daughter of Mr Orr, S.S.C. York Place, Edinburgh. 17. At Camis Eskan, John Dennistoun, aged 8 months, son of James Dennistoun, Esq. of Col grain. At 5, Hart Street, Edinburgh, Mrs Mary Richardson, wife of Peter Couper, Esq. W. S. -At Midmar Castle, James Mansfield, Esq. of Midmar. Right Hon. Henry, Earl of Barrymore, Viscount 18. At Paris, in the 54th year of his age, the Buttevant, Baron Barry of Olethan and Ibaune, Baron Barry of Barry's Court, originally, by tenure and writ of summons, premier Viscount in Ireland. At Corstorphine Hill, Mrs Mackie, wife of Mr James Mackie, Corstorphine Hill. 20. In Charlotte Street, Edinburgh, Mrs William Tennant, junior. At Whitburn, Mr Hugh Christie, for many years manager of the Borrowstounness coal and salt works. In Antigua Street, Helen Brunton, only daughter of Mr Melville Balfour. -At Ardeer, Catherine, only daughter of Patrick Warner, Esq. of Ardeer. Suddenly, at Falkirk, Mr Charles Alexander, in the 84th year of his age. 21. At Dumerieff, Dr John Rogerson of Wamphray, first physician to the Emperor of Russia. In the Canongate, Abram Heyman, a Jew.' -In Charles Street, Peter, third son of the Rev. Peter Primrose, minister, Prestonpans. ley. At Langley Park, Mrs Cruikshank, of Lang At Kirkcudbright, Mrs Helen Miller, relict of John Miller in Kirkcudbright, in the 101st year of her age, and 69th of her widowhood. - At Banff, Alexander Wilson, Esq. late of Calcutta. 22. At Kirkcudbright, Miss Thomson, daughter of the late David Thomson, Esq. of Ingliston. -At Kilconquhar, Fife, the Rev. James Dick, minister of the United Associate Congregation in that place. -In James's Place, Mrs Waddel, wife of William Waddell, Esq. merchant, Leith. 25. At her house, No. 74, Queen Street, Miss Agnes Hunter, daughter of the late James Hunter, Esq. banker in Ayr. -At Glasgow, Robert Starret, Esq. late merchant in the Island of Carriacou, Grenada. 26. In St John's Street, Margaret, youngest child of Mr L. A. Wallace. 27. At St German-en-Laye, near Paris, the Duke of Fitz-James, Lieutenant-General in the army of France, and a descendant of King James II. of England, from an illegitimate branch. At Scalpa, aged 81, Normand Macdonald, Esq. of Barrisdale, a valuable member of society. 50. At Edinburgh, Mr George Neilson, of the Commercial Banking Comand, aged 100 years, of Scotland. Lately. At Kinsale, - At Kowal, in the province of Moscovica, in Poland, an ecclesiastic of the name of Bujalski, at the very advanced age of 114 years. -In Ludgate Street, London, Eliza, widow of General Keith Macalister, late of Wimpole Street, Cavendish Square, and Torresdale Castle, Argyleshire. From want of room, the Lists of Works Preparing for Press and Published, &c. are omitted. They will appear in our next. Printed by James Ballantyne and Co. Edinburgh, If those states which were formerly known by the name-Spanish America, had remained without influence on the general politics of Europe, they would still have presented a most important theme for political discussion; but when they have, unaccountably enough, carried division into the grand European Alliance, and even given rise to rumours of offensive leagues and general war, they supply a question, which, for complexity and gravity, takes precedence of all others that at present interest the politician. Speaking of them, in the first place, with reference to their own interests alone, their revolution has rendered them in effect independent, and this is perhaps all that can be said in its praise. It was capable of yielding the most magnificent benefits, but these have been sacrificed, less by the ignorance, than the cupidity and false principles, of its parents, and its fruits could only have been worse than they have been, had it failed of success altogether. New Spain would have formed one or two nations, respectable, tolerably powerful, and full of well-founded hope for the future. The manner in which the world is divided-the extent, power, and ambition of its neighbour, the United States-the past his tory of nations-everything to which it had been accustomed-and, in a word, every interest and hope, forbade its dismemberment. The unit was nevertheless split into a multiplicity of fractions. South America was parcelled out into an infinity of contemptible states, and, by this, its brilliant prospects were destroyed, and the sucVOL. XV. cess of its conflict with the mother country was rendered almost as much a matter of regret, as of rejoicing. If any reliance can be placed on history, these states must, from their proximity and various other causes, be generally embroiled in disputes, and ever kept from cordial friendship by jealousy. They must be for ever comparatively powerless even for defence, and it will scarcely ever be possible on any emergency to make them powerful by alliance. They must, therefore, be without weight and influence in the administration of the law of nations, and the maintenance of the proper distribution of dominion-indebted for the preservation of their rights and existence to the jealousies entertained by the leading powers of the world towards each other-the cringing, pliant dependants of these powers-and capable of being at any time involved in strife with each other, and swallowed up in detail, by that Buonapartean system of aggrandisement, to which the republic of North America has had recourse so often. This must be the case if we look at them in the most favourable light possible-if we assume that, contrary to the conduct which all other nations have hitherto pursued, they will never appeal to the sword in their quarrels, and will never thirst for increase of territory at each other's expense. But if we believe that human nature will remain unchanged, and that they will do what other countries have constantly done; then we must believe, that they will be incessantly at open, war with each other, until, perhaps, that which has been so unnaturally torn S into fragments may again be cemented together by a century of bloodshed. But this was not all; the form of government established in these states was precisely that which was the most discordant with the knowledge, habits, and characteristics of the people. The British Constitution was happily formed before the making of Constitutions had become a regular trade, even when the name of Constitution was scarcely known, and it was formed by those who merely sought to remove perceptible evils, and to supply what was clearly necessary. It was no imported exotic, but it grew spontaneously out of the British heart, and it grew according to the laws of nature. It was a seed before it became a beautiful and productive tree. The proud, independent, jealous, querulous, stubborn, and dictatorial spirit of the Briton, could only be governed by such a Constitution, therefore it sprung into birth ;-the incorruptible, generous, moral, honourable, reflective, and intelligent spirit of the Briton could only support it, therefore it flourishes and endures. He who wishes to know how arbitrary forms of government may be changed into free ones-how popular institutions may be rendered benefits, and not evilsin what the food of liberty consists, and how the maximum of liberty may be reached, must unlearn all that he has learned of the present generation of "Constitutionalists," and devote his days and his nights to the history of this Constitution. The Crown, no matter from what motive, fortunately placed the first limit on its authority, and this afforded precedent and analogy for gradually extending the limit afterwards, according to circumstances, in peace and good will. The real rearers of our Constitution were the wealth and intelligence of the country, to the exclusion of the multitude; and they were guided, not by speculative theories, or the wish to usurp the supreme authority, but by plain common sense, and the visible needs of the nation. They were careful to make that which was meant to be a monarchy, essentially monarchical, and to endow the Sovereign with abundant power for discharging the duties which devolved upon him; and they were anxious to preserve at all times, a government suf ficiently strong for all legitimate purposes. It is a remarkable fact, that, although they occasionally wrenched the crown from the monarch in open fight, and either returned it, or gave it to another, on their own terms, when they were smarting from its abuse of power, they still placed no other permanent limitations on this power, than are found to be, in the present day, indispensably necessary for public good. When the Sovereign did not voluntarily barter away a portion of his authority for the supply of his needs, restraint was only cautiously forced upon him when it was felt to be imperiously necessary, not by a faction, but by the body of the nation; and popular institutions and privileges were only slowly conceded, one by one, as the want of them became pressing, and as the people acquired the qualifications for duly enjoying them. Whenever a different system was adopted-whenever creeds of faith were followed instead of public wants, and the multitude were called upon to decide on changes in the government-the power of the crown was weakened until it was unable to discharge its duties, and faction took the helm of public affairs attempts were made to impose restraints upon the Sovereign not clearly called for by national necessities-and popular institutions and privileges were given when the people were not sufficiently enlightened, upright, and unanimous, to use them properly-then the consequences were, fanaticism, phrenzy, civil war, and the loss of all that freedom had previously gained. The reasons are too obvious to need pointing out. When a question is left to the decision of those who understand it, the probability is, that it will be decided properly; but if it be carried to those who do not understand it, and who generally forsake truth when falsehood will lead them, it is pretty certain that the decision will be precisely what it ought not to be. The people will be reasonably unanimous in endeavouring to obtain what they feel, as well as think, to be necessary for their own good; but if the necessity and the benefit be only matter of speculation and uncertainty, they are sure to be fiercely divided in opinion; and it is only when unanimity prevails to a very great extent, that vital changes can be made in a government without producing the utmost measure of calamity. The |