"other aliens "comprised in the last three columns of the table are alien passengers who could not be placed in any of the specified categories, and who may be regarded as having come to this country either for permanent residence or to stay for some period exceeding 6 months. They numbered 7,397, of whom 2,691 were males, 3,364 females, and 1,342 children, and of the total 1,046 were French, 518 Italians, 2,307 Americans, 304 Swiss, 275 Poles, 265 Russians, and 171 Germans (other than British-born wives and widows), the rest being made up of various nationalities.

It has been possible to make an analysis of the 7,397 "other aliens" who entered the United Kingdom during 1924. Of this number 1,473 (780 males, 637 females and 56 children) have left the United Kingdom, leaving a balance of 5,924 comprised as follows:

1,509 (866 males, 615 females and 28 children) were students entering the Universities and other educational establishments;

855 (147 males, 385 females and 323 children) were persons in a dependent position coming to join relatives who were able to support them;

1,000 (204 males, 419 females and 377 children) were visitors who intended to stay more than six months;

433 (223 females and 210 children) were wives and children joining husbands or parents domiciled here;

278 (120 males, 156 females and 2 children) were coming to join religious houses or to do religious work;

261 (203 females and 58 children) were wives and children accompanying their husbands or parents who fall under various categories in this analysis;

101 (47 males, 41 females and 13 children) were persons resident
in the United Kingdom returning after a long absence
abroad;

8 (7 males and 1 female) were entering into partnerships;
103 (42 males, 54 females and 7 children) were members of the
families or households of diplomats or consuls;

205 (62 males, 90 females and 53 children) were persons of inde-
pendent means coming to reside in the United Kingdom;
39 (34 females, accompanied by 5 children) were coming to marry
British subjects;

98 (14 males, 83 females and 1 child) were servants accompanying employers;

35 (34 males and 1 female) were Foreign Trade representatives; 999 (368 males, 422 females and 209 children) were persons who entered the United Kingdom for purposes too varied to permit of tabulation.

TABLE III.

This table gives the number of alien passengers who left the United Kingdom during the year, divided into nationalities. An embarkation card containing certain particulars is required from

piled from the information thus received. As already noted, the number of alien passengers who embarked during the year exceeded the number who landed by 185. The question of an inward or outward balance in the total movement of alien passengers is always a little complicated by arrivals and departures of alien seamen. Table II, column 6, shows that 9,170 alien seamen arrived as passengers, being under contract to join ships in British waters. These men, of course, left the country as members of ships' crews and consequently they do not appear among the number of alien passengers outwards. On the other hand, alien seamen arrive at the ports in the United Kingdom as members of crews and many of them are given permission to land for discharge and then leave the country as passengers. These aliens do not appear among the number of alien passengers inwards, but are, of course, included in the figures of alien passengers outwards. Reliable information is now available as to the number of such seamen and the Returns show that 9,469 alien seamen were given leave to land for discharge during the year on condition that they left the United Kingdom. If the 9,170 who came in, but did not go out, as passengers and the 9,469 who went out, but did not come in, as passengers are taken into consideration, it appears that the true balance on the total passenger movement would be an inward balance of about 100.

TABLE IV.

This table gives the numbers and nationalities of aliens seeking admission who did not satisfy the Immigration Officers or the Medical Inspectors that they complied with the requirements of the Aliens Order, and were refused leave to land. The total number was 2,485, of whom 96 were rejected on definite medical grounds. With regard to this number, reference to Table II will show that the aliens comprised in Columns 1 to 10 inclusive, being 380,732 out of the total of 388,129, belong to classes of aliens who are likely to have little or no difficulty in satisfying the Immigration Officers that they may properly be given leave to land. It is the aliens of the class comprised in the last three columns of Table II who require the strictest scrutiny. The total number who sought admission was 9,882, of whom 7,397, as already shown, were able to satisfy the Immigration Officers that they complied with the provisions of the Order, and 2,485, or about 25 per cent., failed to do so and were refused leave to land.

TABLES V. AND VI.

These tables give the numbers and nationalities of transmigrants who entered and left the United Kingdom during the year, showing also ports of arrival and departure, whence they came and their destination.

Transmigrants are alien passengers who come within the meaning of Article 4 (1) of the Aliens Order, which provides as follows :— Nothing in this part of this Order shall prevent the landing in the United Kingdom of any alien who satisfies an immigration officer :

:

(1) That he holds a prepaid ticket to some destination out of the United Kingdom and that the Master or Owner of the ship in which he arrived in or by which he is to leave the United Kingdom has given security to the satisfaction of the Secretary of State that, except for the purposes of transit or in other circumstances approved by the Secretary of State, the alien will not remain in, or having been rejected by another country will not re-enter, the United Kingdom, and will be properly maintained and controlled during transit."

It will be seen from the tables that the number of transmigrants who entered the United Kingdom in 1924 was 45,747, and that the number who left was 45,881, the excess of departures over arrivals consisting of transmigrants who entered the country in 1923 and left during 1924. The total number of transmigrants was almost 35 per cent. less than in the previous year. There was an increase in the number of transmigrants passing through the country to places in Europe as compared with 1923, so that the decrease of the transmigrants bound for North America was much greater than 35 per cent. The decrease in the number of west-bound transmigrants is largely due to the operation of the United States quota law. The Act of 1921, which for the first time limited the number of immigrants who could enter the United States in any year to a certain definite figure, expired on June 30th, 1924, and was replaced by another Act, which cut down the admissible immigrants to a much smaller figure. In this connection it may be mentioned that owing to the operation of this law a batch of Russian transmigrants has been held up in the United Kingdom for a considerable time. Under the bonds given by the shipping companies concerned, which are mentioned in the succeeding paragraph, the shipping companies are responsible for the housing and maintenance and for the ultimate removal of these transmigrants.

There are two streams constantly running, one from European countries mainly directed to North America, and the other directed to European countries and flowing mainly from North America. Under the bonds, which the shipping companies carrying this traffic have to give to the Secretary of State in accordance with the Article cited above, the shipping companies are responsible for seeing that all transmigrants leave the United Kingdom, including those who have been rejected by the Immigration Authorities in the country of destination and sent back, except such as may be allowed to remain in the United Kingdom by special permission of the Secretary of State. Close scutiny is maintained to see that the shipping companies fulfil their obligations, especially with regard to transmigrants who are rejected as undesirable either by the shipping companies themselves after arrival in the United Kingdom or by the Immigration Authorities in the country of destination. During 1924, 102 transmigrants were rejected in the United Kingdom and taken away again by the companies. The number of transmigrants who were rejected and sent back by the Immigration Authorities in the country of destination was 242, of whom 223 were proved to have left the United Kingdom, and 19 were given permission to remain here temporarily, most of whom had been refused leave to land for the time being under the American quota law.

It will thus be seen that the shipping companies satisfactorily discharged during the year the obligations imposed upon them by the terms of the bonds which they have entered into with the Secretary of State.

TABLE VII.

The provisions of Part I of the Aliens Order apply to the landing. of alien seamen as well as to alien passengers. The master of every ship arriving from a foreign port has to furnish to the Immigration Officer a list of the alien members of his crew with certain particulars, including the port at which they were signed on the articles. of the ship. Alien seamen who remain on the ship's articles and do not seek to land for discharge are given temporary leave to land during the stay of the ship in port by means of a notice served on the master, but alien seamen who seek to land for discharge must first obtain permission from the Immigration Officer. Alien seamen who have signed on at British ports are permitted to land for discharge on return to a British port in the same ship, save in very exceptional circumstances. In order, however, to prevent large accumulations of alien seamen at British ports who would be unable to find employment on ships and who might consequently tend to drift into the general labour market, alien seamen who have signed on abroad and seek to land for discharge at British ports are subject to certain restrictions. They are, as a rule, either refused leave to land for discharge or are permitted to land for discharge on condition of repatriation. In certain cases alien seamen who have signed on abroad have to be permitted to land for medical reasons, but they are still kept subject to conditions until finally disposed of. Thus, under the provisions of the Aliens Order, the. supply of alien. seamen at British ports can be to a large extent controlled and the restrictions can be regulated as circumstances require. For this purpose the Immigration Officers keep in close touch with shipowners and agents and the consuls of foreign countries. Immigration Officers responsible to the Home Office are stationed at the following ports in addition to the ports scheduled as approved in the Aliens Order :

Barry Dock.
Blyth.

Manchester.

Middlesbrough.

Newport.
Port Talbot.
Sunderland.
Swansea.

West Hartlepool.

At the other Non-Approved Ports the work under the Aliens Order is carried out by Waterguard Officers of H.M. Customs acting as Immigration Officers under a general warrant of the Secretary of State. It will be seen that Table VII gives the total number of alien seamen who applied for leave to land for discharge during 1924, divided into the two main classes of those who signed on in the United Kingdom and those who signed on abroad, together with particulars as to how the classes were dealt with. Of the 16,591 who had been signed on abroad, 1,062 were refused leave to land, 3,399 were permitted to land for discharge without conditions, and 12,130 were permitted to land for discharge subject to conditions (9,177 to leave the United Kingdom, 578 for medical reasons, and 2,375 for other purposes).

TABLE 1.

SUMMARY OF THE ALIEN PASSENGERS (EXCLUDING TRANSMIGRANTS) LANDED AND EMBARKED in the United KINGDOM DURING 1924.