The Limits of Expertise: Rethinking Pilot Error and the Causes of Airline AccidentsAshgate Publishing, Ltd., 01.01.2007 - 352 Seiten The Limits of Expertise reports a study of the 19 major U.S. airline accidents from 1991-2000 in which the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) found crew error to be a causal factor. Each accident is reported in a separate chapter that examines events and crew actions and explores the cognitive processes in play at each step. The majority of all aviation accidents are attributed to human error, but this is often misinterpreted as evidence of lack of skill, vigilance, or conscientiousness of the pilots. Why would highly skilled, well-trained pilots make errors performing tasks they had successfully executed many thousands of times in previous flights? The approach is guided by extensive evidence from cognitive psychology that human skill and error are opposite sides of the same coin. The book examines the ways in which competing task demands, ambiguity and organizational pressures interact with cognitive processes to make all experts vulnerable to characteristic forms of error. the role of chance, criticizes simplistic concepts of causality of accidents, and suggests ways to reduce vulnerability to these catastrophes. The authors' complementary experience allowed a unique approach to the study: accident investigation with the NTSB, cognitive psychology research both in the lab and in the field, enormous first-hand experience of piloting, and application of aviation psychology in both civil and military operations. This combination allowed the authors to examine and explain the domain-specific aspects of aviation operations and to extend advances in basic research in cognition to complex issues of human performance in the real world. Although The Limits of Expertise is directed to aviation operations, the implications are clear for understanding the decision processes, skilled performance and errors of professionals in many domains, including medicine. |
Inhalt
USAir 1016 Windshear Encounter | 9 |
TWA 843 The Power of Suggestion | 25 |
American 1572 Accumulation of Small Errors | 37 |
American International 808 The Strobe Light that Wasnt There | 51 |
Southwest 1455 Unstabilized Approach at Burbank | 63 |
FedEx 14 PilotInduced Oscillations in the Landing Flare | 85 |
Ryan 590 A Minute Amount of Contamination | 95 |
Tower 41 Loss of Control During a Slippery Runway Takeoff | 101 |
Air Transport International 805 Disorientation Loss of Control and the Need to Intervene | 185 |
American 903 Loss of Control at Altitude | 197 |
Simmons 3641 Over the Gates and into Forbidden Territory | 213 |
American 1340 Autopilot Deviation Just Prior to Landing | 223 |
Delta 554 Undershot Landing at LaGuardia | 233 |
American 1420 Pressing the Approach | 247 |
FlightcrewRelated Accident Data Comparison of the 19781990 and 19912001 Periods | 275 |
Converging Themes The Deep Structure of Accidents | 289 |
Continental 1943 GearUp Landing in Houston | 109 |
American 102 Runway Excursion After Landing | 131 |
Continental 795 HighSpeed Takeoff Decision with Poor Information | 143 |
USAir 405 Snowy Night at LaGuardia | 159 |
ValuJet 558 Two Missing Words and a Hard Landing Short of the Runway | 171 |
Glossary | 309 |
331 | |
347 | |
Andere Ausgaben - Alle anzeigen
The Limits of Expertise: Rethinking Pilot Error and the Causes of Airline ... R. Key Dismukes,Benjamin A. Berman,Loukia Loukopoulos Eingeschränkte Leseprobe - 2017 |
The Limits of Expertise: Rethinking Pilot Error and the Causes of Airline ... R. Key Dismukes,Benjamin A. Berman,Loukia Loukopoulos Eingeschränkte Leseprobe - 2017 |
Häufige Begriffe und Wortgruppen
accident flight accident investigation action air carrier air traffic control aircraft airline pilots airline's airplane airplane's airport airspeed indicator alert altimeter altitude angle of attack autobraking automatic autopilot autothrottle aviation callout cause challenge Chapter checklist cockpit cognitive company's continue the approach control inputs crew of flight crew's crewmembers crosswind cues decision deviation discussed factors failure fatigue feet final approach flaps flight crew flight operations flightpath flying pilot glidepath glideslope go-around ground high workload human initial instrument knots landing gear levers maneuver manual microburst missed approach monitoring pilot normal nosewheel NTSB NTSB concluded occurred officer officer's operating procedures pitch attitude post-accident pressure radar recognize recovery rejected takeoff reliably response rotation rudder runway safety simulator sink rate situation speed spoilers stall warning steering stickshaker suggest takeoff task thrust thunderstorms tiller touchdown unstabilized USAir flight 405 visual warning system weather windshear wing
Beliebte Passagen
Verweise auf dieses Buch
Resilience Engineering Perspectives: Remaining sensitive to the possibility ... Erik Hollnagel,Christopher P. Nemeth,Sidney Dekker Eingeschränkte Leseprobe - 2008 |
The Psychology of Learning and Motivation: Skill and Strategy in Memory Use Eingeschränkte Leseprobe - 2007 |