THE CONGRESSIONAL JOURNALS OF THE UNITED STATES
PARTI OF THE

NATIONAL STATE PAPERS OF THE UNITED STATES SERIES,

1789-1817

The Journal of
the Senate

including

The Journal of
the Executive Proceedings
of the Senate

GEORGE WASHINGTON ADMINISTRATION 1789-1797

Volume 2:

FIRST CONGRESS, SECOND SESSION;

JANUARY-AUGUST, 1790

Every effort has been made to locate the best preserved and most legible copy of the original documents, some of which have suffered from the ravages of time. The facsimiles faithfully reflect the condition of the originals. New and precise technology has been employed in the reproduction process to enhance readability yet preserve the flavor of the original to the best of our ability.

Printed in the United States of America.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

VOLUME 2

NOTE ON THE PRINTER, LEGISLATIVE JOURNAL, John Fenno

NOTE ON THE PRINTER, EXECUTIVE JOURNAL, Duff Green

JOURNAL OF THE U.S. SENATE

INDEX

...

LIST OF ACTS AND RESOLUTIONS

JOURNAL OF EXECUTIVE PROCEEDINGS

GUIDE TO THE JOURNAL OF EXECUTIVE PROCEEDINGS

NOTE

• For the complete list of and biographical notes on the members of the Senate,
together with the Executive and Judicial officers, for the First through the
Fourth Congresses, please refer to Volume 1 of this series.

• The original pagination of the Legislative Journal has been allowed to stand.
For the sake of continuity new page numbers have been added to the bottom of
the Executive Journal and are marked in this table with an asterisk.

JOHN FENNO

Printer of the original edition of this volume

John Fenno was born in Boston on August 12, 1751. After his failure as an importer at the close of the Revolution, he fled to New York to avoid his creditors. He became acquainted with some Federalists, and when he started the Gazette of the United States on April 11, 1789, he had their backing and the paper served them well.

Fenno moved his Gazette to Philadelphia in April, 1790. Even though its circulation never topped 1400 copies, a quarter of which were distributed gratis, he was supported by Hamilton, who became a regular contributor. He attracted the wrath of Jefferson and Benjamin Bache's Aurora and the National Gazette of Philip Freneau. Hamilton used Fenno and his Gazette for his own purposes and saved it from bankruptcy in 1793. On December 13 of the same year Fenno began the publication of an evening paper and the title was changed to the Gazette of the United States and Evening Advertiser.

John Fenno was a talented editor and was regarded as a competent printer, who took pride in doing work for Congress. He, like his competitors, sought and received government printing through his political connections.

John Fenno died in Philadelphia, during a yellow fever epidemic, on September 14, 1798. His nineteen-year old son, John Ward Fenno, succeeded him as printer and as editor of the Gazette, which he sold in 1800.

DUFF GREEN

Printer of the original edition of the Executive Proceedings of the Senate (the appropriate part of which is included as a supplement in this volume)

Duff Green was born in Woodford County, Kentucky, in 1791. He prospered as a land speculator, merchant, and lawyer in Missouri. In 1825 he moved to Washington and purchased and edited the United States Telegraph.

In 1828 he was designated to print the Journal of the Executive Proceedings of the Senate "from the Commencement of the First, to the termination of the Nineteenth Congress.' Duff Green wielded great influence in Democratic circles, and became a member of Andrew Jackson's "Kitchen Cabinet." He supported J. C. Calhoun in his split with Jackson; in 1832 he backed Henry Clay and thereafter stood with the Whigs. He supported the Confederacy in the Civil War, and in the post-bellum years he strove strenuously to raise capital for the revival of the South's economy. He died in Georgia in 1875.