Notes and Queries

Pausanias arrived in "the nick of time." The
plunder of Greece by Rome had begun, and the
decline of Greece had set in. It was the time,
however, of Lucian, the most modern and advanced
in thought of the early Greeks, and of the Anto-
nines. Hadrian had enriched Greece, and Herodes
Atticus, besides giving the ungrateful Athenians
the magnificent theatre of Regilla and numerous
other treasures, had extended his munificence to
Corinth, the Peloponnese, and Boeotia. Concerning
Pausanias, more noticeable for the information he
conveys than for style-in which, indeed, he is
notably deficient-it may be said, as was said of a
much earlier and infinitely greater traveller,
Herodotus, that he is almost always trustworthy
when giving the results of his own observation, and
only or chiefly misleading when he takes informa-
tion at secondhand. We will not deal with the
defence undertaken at many points, and notably
with that concerning the Enneacrunus fountain in
Athens, which Pausanias apparently supposes to
have been on a wrong site. There is, indeed, no
call for detailed criticism of Dr. Frazer's work.
Our purpose is only to bring before public attention
a book which will be read with pleasure by those
interested in Greek mythology and antiquities, and
one which must add to the enjoyment of the best
equipped traveller in Greece. Pausanias' con-
stitutes one of the "Eversley Series."

Studies in John the Scot (Erigena). By Alice
Gardner. (Frowde.)

MISS GARDNER has contributed an admirable mono-
graph on that mysterious personage John the Scot,
otherwise John the Irishman. Readers of N. & Q."
may be supposed to be much above the average in
erudition. We doubt, however, if very many even
among these know much more concerning this Neo-
Platonist mystic than they know concerning the
real author of the works attributed to Diony-
sius Areopagitica,' which he translated for
Charles the Bald. The little that can be said con-
cerning the man is principally negative. He was
not the man he is held to have been; was not, in
fact, the other fellow." He was a little, merry
man, whose companionship Charles prized, but
neither his mirthfulness nor the smaliness of his
stature preserved him from enemies or suspicion
of heresy. That by calling him a Scot an
Irishman was intended is, of course, known to
all who are aware that Scotland at this time
had no such culture as existed in Ireland.
The root of the name Erigena," moreover,
is found in Erin. Curiously enough he was
apparently not an ecclesiastic. Nullis eccle-
siasticae dignitatis gradibus insignitum," says Pru
dentius. The mass of myth that has surrounded
him has been carefully sifted by Miss Gardner,
whose chief object in writing the book has been
to show the relation of the philosophy of Scotus to
the thought of his times. There is much that still
repays attention in the mystical significance which
John the Scot assigned to Christian doctrine.
Scotus, his biographer maintains, was not natur-
ally controversial. He succeeded, however, in
becoming engaged in some heated arguments con-
cerning his mystical interpretation of predestination
the sacraments, &c., taking part in what our author
calls "a dull, interminable war of words, waged
with a perverted faith, an unjustified hope, and
a conspicuous absence of charity.' We cannot
follow Miss Gardner in her task. We can only say |

that her book will prove eminently attractive to a class of readers, and will introduce to many a curious and interesting individuality, and perhaps, also, a little studied epoch.

Storyology. By Benjamin Taylor. (Stock.) MR. TAYLOR's not too happily named work-should it not be storiology? gives a readable and popular account of folk-lore. In talking of those who claim to have been up to the moon, Mr. Taylor mentions only Lucian and M. Jules Verne. Surely Cyrano de Bergerac is sufficiently in evidence just now to merit mention. In his Etats et Empires de la Lune' he describes the means by which he ascended or was exhaled to the moon, as well as what he saw when he arrived there. We meet with some curious slips: the learned author of "Pseudodosia Epidemica' "" for Pseudodoxia Epidemica, John Andrey" for John Audrey, &c. In its unpretentious way the book merits recognition.

THE Quebec Diocesan Gazette for March contains an appreciative obituary notice of Dr. Aspinwall Howe, and records the great services he rendered to the McGill University at Montreal, as well as his work as Rector of the High School during fortythree years. Dr. Howe was an old friend of 'N. & Q.,' and has bequeathed his beautifully bound copy to the High School, the condition being that the work be regularly subscribed for in future. Dr. Howe died on 13 February at the age of eighty-five.

Fotices to Correspondents.

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WE cannot undertake to answer queries privately. To secure insertion of communications correspondents must observe the following rules. Let each note, query, or reply be written on a separate slip of paper, with the signature of the writer and such address as he wishes to appear. When answering queries, or making notes with regard to previous entries in the paper, contributors are requested to put in parentheses, immediately after the exact heading, the series, volume, and page or pages to which they refer. Correspondents who repeat queries are requested to head the second communication "Duplicate."

SCRUTATOR.-The feathery forms of frost are due to a particular formation of crystals. Consult a scientific manual.

CORRIGENDA.-P. 471, col. 1, 1. 18, for "Charles I." read Charles V.; p. 486, col. 1, 1. 19 from bottom, for "lime" read carbonate of lime.

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INDEX.

NINTH SERIES.-VOL. V.

[For classified articles, see ANONYMOUS WORKS, BIBLIOGRAPHY, BOOKS RECENTLY PUBLISHED, EDITORIAL, EPITAPHS,
FOLK-LORE, HERALDRY, OBITUARIES, PROVERBS AND PHRASES, QUOTATIONS, SHAKESPEARIANA, and SONGS AND
BALLADS.]

A. on the dukes, stablemen's term, 92

A. (G. E. P.) on Pickwickian phrase, 275

Watson (Thomas), his poems, 227

A. (S.) on Archbishop Ussher, portrait of, 188
'A Lifetime's Work,' poem by W. W. Skeat, 2
Abbatt (W.) on American worthies, 340

'Charlotte Temple: a Tale of Truth,' 218
Aberr, revival of the word, 314
Academy, Royal, its origin, 394

Accum (F. E.), his biography, 267, 361, 458
Ackland or Acland (Charles Richard), biography, 228
Actresses mentioned in dramatic literature, 1633, 514
Adames (Andrew) and Bradley, co. Hants, 288
Adams (F.) on bird-eyed, meaning of the word, 293
End: "An end," 175
Intimidated thrones, 401

"La fe endrycza al sobieran ben," 258
Slim, its use and meaning, 236
Vautrollier, printer, 524
Weather folk-lore, 503
Whiskers, 196

Adams (J. G.) on Deadman's Place burial-ground, 209
Adderley (George and Richard), their biographies,
228, 323

Addy (S. O.) on argh, its derivation, 346

Boundary stones in open fields, 441
Contributors to vol. i. 'N. & Q.,' 90

Emery family, 27

Gavel and shieling, the words, 210

English coinage, its origin, 29, 149

House as a measure of arable land, 349

Messuage, its derivation, 520

Petigrewe, its etymology, 117, 233

Adelbright, Rex Norfolciæ, his biography, 89, 257
Adventurers, Merchant, 487

Advertisement competition, eighteenth century, 105
Advertising in London A.D. 1607, 454

Africa, South, "grave of great reputations," 48, 156
African, South, names, 49, 113

African, South, war; form of intercession, 184; Eng-
lish soldiers at battle of Colenso, 285; correspon-
dents killed and wounded, 469

Africander Afrikander, 89

Ainger (A.) on Helen Faucit and Margaret Gillies, 147
Alcock of Cobridge, busts made by, 127
Aldenham (Lord) on depreciation of coinage, 217
Dials on clocks, 360

Aldenham (Lord) on "In Gordano," its meaning, 359
Aldersgate, derivation of the word, 313
Alderson (E. S.) on green fairies, 155
Nimmet, its meaning, 51
Shakespeare and Cicero, 288
Aldgate and Whitechapel, 34, 134
Ale, bottled, of Burton, 67, 174
Alexander hang, 513

Algoa, meaning of the name, 336, 424

Alkin (Elizabeth), "Parliament Joan," her biography,
355, 400

Allen (Grant) and iron mines in Warwickshire, 515
Almshouses in Savage Gardens, Trinity Square, 415
Altars at Glastonbury, 131

Alum trade in England, 188, 233, 295

Ambassador, Spanish, in Walpole's letters, 269
Ambassadors to France, correspondence of English,
1620-1648, 7, 56

America, South, life in, 396, 481
American worthies, 147, 340
Amphigouris, nonsense verses, 248
Ancestors, definition of, 479
Ancestors, soldier, 496

Anchylostomiasis or ankylostomiasis, bowel disease,
28, 92

Anderson (J. L.) on Dryden's oaks in Scott, 273
Rimes, nursery, 93

St. Pancras's Church, Canterbury, 94

Salmon disease, 191

Wardlaw (Cardinal), Bishop of Glasgow, 1368, 74
Anderson (P. J.) on parish and other accounts, 207,

513

Anonymous Works:-

Adventures in the Moon,' 128, 254
'Expostulation' (1645), 127, 235, 293
Fisherman of Lake Semapee,' 415

'Home Life of English Ladies in the Seventeenth
Century,' 7

'New Critical Review of Public Buildings, &c.,
in London,' 114, 190

"Another......to," use of the expression, 124, 256
Anti-Jewish survival in Barcelona, 315
Any, use of the word, 333

Appearance electoral nomination, 11
Apperson (G. L.) on bed-waggons, 462
Pavement, iron, in London, 52
Pigeon cure, the, 343
Waterproof clothing, 294

April Fools' Day, 247

Archidiaconal visitations in the sixteenth century, 496
Argh as termination of place-names in Lancashire and
Westmorland, 48, 97, 212, 346

Argine on 'Diary of Lady Frances Pennoyer,' 494
French stanza, 407

Poe (E. A.), his 'Hop-Frog,' 235
Renfred as a Christian name, 375
Armiger on the oldest mayoress, 247

Armstrong (R. B.) on wire-strung Irish harp, 269
Armstrong (T. P.) on derivation of Chaussey, 442
French society in the last century, 233
Life in South American republics, 481
Miquelon, 421

Nefs, model ships, 36

Plocks, the, its meaning, 382

Poet's immortality predicted by himself, 481
Statue in Bergen, Norway, 57

Thé Beurré, 9, 290

Town gates outside London, 363

Virtues and vices, 444

Army, Field-Marshals during second half of eighteenth
century, 44, 90; rank of colonels and lieutenant-
colonels, 47, 190. See also Regimental.

Arnott (S.) on choys, its meaning, 356

Corney House, Chiswick, 137

Artists' mistakes, 32, 317, 400

Ashcroft (H. J.) on life in South America, 396

Aske (Samuel), his ancestry, 269

Assembly rules, account of, by Charles Dickens, 415
Astarte on Elizabeth Alkin's biography, 355

Embroidery, antique escutcheon, 245

Whiskers, 197

Yorkshire dialect, 33

Astrolabe clock, 148

Atkins (A. G.) on Willis and Puckridge families, 49

Attorney, Mr.," earliest use of the term as signifying
Attorney-General, 474

Attwell (H.) on hot-cross buns, 334
Aubrey (J.), his Brief Lives,' 45

Austin (Alfred), Poet Laureate, his 'To Arms!' 6, 277
Austwick, Yorkshire, people called Hoastik carles, 16,72
Avis, the Order of, 457

Axon (W. E. A.) on Charlotte Brontë, 449

Caxton, his good priest, 310

Charlotte (Queen) as an author, 373

Cowper, his letters, 478

Discoverer of photography, 464

Forshaw (Rev. Charles), 421

George II., a son of, 106

Notes and Queries, July 28, 1900.

Axon (W. E. A.) on Gipsies in England in the
thirteenth century, 186

Khayyam (Omar), 6

Lafontaine, his Oies de Frere Phillippe,' 512
Lando, monograph on, 385

Regimental mottoes of the British army, 389
Regimental nicknames of the British army, 161,
224, 263

Smith (J. F.), his biography, 459
Whately and J. B. Pérès, 441

Ayeahr on Sir H. Carey's biography, 234
"Devil walking through Athlone," 464
Pennyworth: A good pennyworth, 73
Tobacco, 486

Tom-all-Alone's, 246
Azazel, interpretation of, 511
B. on ladies and Leap Year, 478

B. (B.) on coins in foundation stones, 197
Up, use of the word, 325

B. (C. C.) on "As busy as Throp's wife," 526
'Book of Praise,' 28

Browning (Robert), passage in 'Luria,' 55
Byroniana, 460

Childerpox, 235, 424

Crabs' eyes as medicine, 486

Editors, the evolution of, 166, 425
Erlik Khan, 486

February fill-dyke, 277
Field-names, 396
Frail, its meaning, 51
Ghosts and suicides, 288
"Green-eyed monster," 295
Indicible, use of the word, 477
Jullaber, Kentish hill, 403
Ladies and Leap Year, 479
"Les Grâces," game, 459
Marriage gift, 112
Melek Taus, 482
Men wearing earrings, 191
Pigeon cure, 343

Rogers's 'Ginevra,' 92, 154
Runagate, its etymology, 513
St. Thomas's day custom, 497
Slim, its use and meaning, 236
Sock to thrash, 97
"Soft as a toad," 54

Tennyson query, 502

Traeth Mawr, reclamation of, 324
Up, use of the word, 195

Vine a flexible shoot, 194
Whiskers, 197

Witchelt wet-shod, 58

Word corruption, 217

Wound for winded, 4, 177, 505

B. (D. L.) on Richard Whitcombe, 314

B. (E.) on "I'll hang my harp on a willow tree," 375
B. (E. B.) on coloured cow of Hamburg, 466
B. (F.) on roods and rood-lofts, 477

B. (G.) on several, uses of the word, 504

B. (G. F. R.) on biography of F. E. Accum, 267
Ackland or Acland (Charles), 228

Adderley (George and Richard), 228
Box (John Wilkins), his biography, 476

Buller (Edward and Henry), their biographies, 208
Burdett (R.), his biography, 267

Byng (E. J. S.), his biography, 208

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Notes and Queries, Band 101