Who lives where hang those golden balls,
Where Dick's poor mother often calls,
And leaves her dickey, gown, and shawls?
My Uncle.

Who, when you're short of the short stuff,
Nose starving for an ounce of snuff,
Will raise the wind" without a puff?
My Uncle.

Brewer gives a quotation to shew that in the seventeenth century a usurer was called 66 my uncle" in the Walloon provinces, while Delvau (ut supra), s. v. "Tante (Ma), Mont-de-Piété," says au XIIe siècle, dans le pays wallon, on appelait usurier mon on.cle." Probably XIIe is a misprint for XVIIe.

un

BIOGRAPHICAL PARTICULARS DESIRED (12 S. xii. 394).-The following brief particulars may interest MR. WAINEWRIGHT:

(3) William Tierney Clark, English Civil Engineer, was born at Bristol in 1783. He constructed the Thames and Medway Canal, the Hammersmith suspension bridge (1824-7), renewed and replaced (1885); but his most important work was the suspension bridge over the Danube at Budapest (1839-49), costing nearly £623,000. Mr. Clark died in 1852.

JAMES SETON-ANDERSON.

39. Carlisle Road Hove.

xii.

Farmer and Henley's Slang Analogues' does not mention the derivation. Barrère and Leland's Diction

uncus

ary of Slang,' after saying that it has been suggested, puts it aside (see ante, p. 457). The other slang dictionaries which I have

consulted do not refer to it.

Since writing the above I have consulted · Etudes de Philologie Comparée sur l'Argot' par Francisque-Michel, 1856, where, s. v. oncle, I find:

Quelqu'un, parmi le peuple, a-t-il quelque chose au mont-de-piété, C'est chez ma tante," dit il. L'objet y est effectivement, dans l'attente qu'on le dégage. De cette locution est venu le nom d'oncle, que les malfaiteurs donnent au concierge de l'établissement dans lequel ils supposent plaisamment qu'on les a mis en consignation, comme des objets précieux. To shew that in the seventeenth century, in the Walloon provinces, a usurer was called oncle, he gives the quotation which is to be found also in Brewer's book, viz.,

In publicanum seu fæneratorem vulgò à Belgis vocatum mon oncle, sen avunculum. He add another quotation:

as

Bene publicanum patruum vocant Belgo, Ad quem neportum cursitat frequens turba. Michel, as to the latter, says that nepotum signifies both nephews and dissolute persons sunk in debts, the double meaning is the point. There is, I think, much to show that the uncus derivation is a fond thing vainly invented, and grounded upon no warranty.' ROBERT PIERPOINT.

RICHARD CAREW (12 S. xii. 450) was born at Antony, in East Cornwall, 1555, and died 1620. He translated and published the first five cantos of Tasso's "Godfrey of Bvlloigne, or Jerusalem Delivered' (1594), and a Survey of Cornwall' (1602). JAMES SETON-ANDERSON.

being the author of the first Hebrew book

written in Scotland." I have ascertained that the title of the book is 'De ascentibus Hebraicis brevis et perspicuae Regulae.' London, 1617, 8vo.

JAMES SETON-ANDERSON.

MOORHEAD, WALKER, STIKLING, READING, HALLAM (12 S. xii. 292).—I regret I cannot give MR. JOSEPH M. BEATTY, JUN., the exact information desired concerning Alexander Stirling, but the following brief genealogical details may be the putting him on the right track:Alexander Stirling, in Clerkland, Stewarton, married and had issue:

means of

1. Rev. John Stirling, A.M. (born 1620, died 1683, married, 1653, Jean Maxwell (died 1708), and had issue :

i. Rev. John Stirling of Inshimian (born 1662, died 1727); Principal of the University of Glasgow, 1701: married Elizabeth Stewart (died Dec., 1738).

of

ii. Rev. James Stirling, The Barony, Glasgow (died 12 Dec., 1736); married Margaret Dunlop, dau. Alexander Dunlop (of Paisley) by his wife Bessie Muir, dau, of William Muir of Glanderstoun, and had issue: (a) Alexander who Stirling, shipmaster, went to America in 1740; (b) Jean Stiling, married 31 Oct., 1710, to Prof. John Simson; (c) Elizabeth Stirling, married to Rev. James Dick. of Carluke.

iii. Rev. Robert Stirling, of Stevenston. The first named, Rev. John Stirling, had four other sons, whose names I have not

traced.

JAMES SETON-ANDERSON. 39, Carlisle Road, Hove, Sussex.

references to them :

Second Vestry Book. Wm Allingham; H Major; Rev. John Allingham, senr. 1813. Resolved to build an additional gallery. Edwd Allingham.

1823. John O'Neill Esq. and Wm Allingham Esq. to be Churchwardens.

as

The Vestry Books and Registers doubtless contain other references to them, but they did not come within the scope of the researches being then engaged on, no par

ticulars were taken of them.

I believe a small pamphlet giving some particulars of the family was published some 20 or 25 years ago or thereabouts, a copy of which will be in the British Museum Library. I am communicating with a friend near Ballyshannon, and if I can obtain any further information will gladly let MR. WULCKO have it.

HENRY FITZGERALD REYNOLDS.

FINAL" TREE IN ESSEX PLACE-NAMES (12 S. xii. 451).—The ending "tree" is not peculiar to Essex place-names. We have in Devonshire the well-known example, Heavitree, now a suburb of Exeter. In Domesday Book this name was rendered Hevetrove; in 1285, Hevetruwe; in 1303, Hevetre ; in 1346, Hevetru; in 1428, Hevetre. Cocktrec in South Tawton was in 1303 written Coketrewe. On the other hand Haletrou (Exeter), Haletreo (Exchequer. Domesday), has become converted to Halstow an outlier of Woodleigh. Langetreuna (Exeter), Langetrev (Exchequer, Domesday) is to-day the parish of Langtree. Odetreu is to-day Ottery; Wilavestreu is Wilbestrew, alias Willeshay; Plumtrei is the parish of Plymtree; Ratreu is to-day Rattery, in 1316 was written Radetrewe (Feudal Aids '), and in the Cartulary

In the South Eastern Naturalist for 1915, Elstree is shown to have the extraordinary origin, and to be converted from Theodioulfe

streow.

I give the Devonshire instances because, when writing the History of Totnes Priory and Medieval Town,' I drew attention to the occurrence of a place-name in the early Totnes deeds which perhaps suggests another "tree" to this ending meaning than (ibidem, p. 6277). The land of la Triwe, Trewe, Truwe, or Trywe, as it is variably spelt, is found to refer to a hollow, opening, or gap in the hills to the south of Totnes. Is it not akin to the French word le trou, la trouée, signifying an opening or gap? We have in Devonshire the termination 66 found on Dartmoor, meaning a trough, in "" traw to ba such place-names as Long-a-traw, Henchertraw; not to be dignified as "combes " or valleys. I believe the hollow behind CrediCredytraw, and it seems more likely that in ton is somewhere very early mentioned as many instances the final syllable had reference to a rather than to any hollow" single "tree"; for certainly the descriptive prefix, in the instances quoted, cannot be recognised as any species of tree, such as oak, ash, elm, beech, etc.

Perhaps MR. LUCAS and other correspondents will kindly inform us if the Essex instances can be considered to name hollows or gaps in the formation of the land. HUGH R. WATKIN.

as

to the

An answer can be furnished origin of "tree" in so many Essex placenames by recalling that the county was formerly (the thirteenth century) one continuous forest. The Forest of Epping was formerly called the Forest of Essex, and comprehended the whole county. The Hundred of Tendring had been previously disafforested by Stephen, and John disafforested all that part of the county that lies north of the Great Roman road leading from Lexden Heath to Stortford. Various other districts were disafforested at various times. The place of Forester for Essex was deemed highly honorary, and was generally bestowed on some illustrious person. major portion of the county is generally level, with many large tracts of low marshes,

The

many

consequently trees would become landmarks, and one, Becontree, is self explanatory. Manningtree, from Manig-treow, trees, which is a local tradition. The ancient name of this place was Scidinghoo, or as it is called in Domesday Book, Sciddinchou. In the reign of Henry VIII it had received the name of Many-tree, of which the present Manningtree is undoubtedly a corruption. Braintree has had several names. In Domesday Book it is described under "Raines," including also the village of Raine," to which it was at that time a hamlet. In other old records there are Branketre, Branchetreu, Bromptre, etc. Flavell Edmunds, in his 'Traces of History in the Names of Places' (Longman & Green, 1872), calls Braintree the "Prince's Town (Brain, Brein, from Brên, a prince).

"PAUL PINDAR " (12 S. xii. 133, 237, 458). It is true that my grandfather, John Yonge Akerman, F.S.A., used this pseudonym, but he certainly was not the author of Remarkable Biography; or the Peculiarities and Eccentricities of the Human

Character Displayed,' or of 'Jew-de

Brass.' These works would have been entirely out of his line. He is best known by his antiquarian writings, under his own name, but certain books of light fiction, e.g., 'London Legends,' published in 1842, were written under the pseudonym Paul Pinder."

wagon goes out from the Castle Inn in Alders Gate Street on Thursday next, but will not take less than 1d. per lb., being the [goods] are Bottls. You may send them by the Carrier for that to ye Boor's Head in Wigan Lane. A.J.H.

Wigan.

NORFOLK VARIANT OF OLD FOLK-SONG (12 S. xii. 452).-R. L. Gales, in The Vanished Country Folk,' quotes in full a Yorkshire folk-song beginning:

I sing the One, oh! What is the One, oh? Twelve's the twelve Apostallers. and ending:

And when the One is left alone, There's nothing to be seen, oh!" WILFRID H. WOOLLEN. At 11 S. i. 452 there were seven replies on the subject of this song. The distinH. Gaidoz, guished French scholar, M. wrote that it was nothing but the nearly extinct echo of a diadectic song, Dic mihi quid sit unus,' formerly known in the whole another form, in Mussulman Asia. of Christendom, and found even, under might fill a volume with the variants of it." Another contributor gave a list of twentyfive references in the first seven series of N. & Q. and advised the consultation of some articles by Anrdew Lang in vol. xiii of Longman's Magazine.

One

All this is of interest in the study of a curiously haunting strain, and among these references MR. W. L. HOGG may, perhaps, be able to trace the words once familiar to harvest suppers in Norfolk

What professed to be a Cotswold version was printed at 11 S. i. 366.

EDWARD BENSLY. University Press, Aberystwyth.

JOHN BABER (12 S. xii. 452), Recorder of Wells, was the son of Dr. John Baber, Vicar of Chew, Somerset, and Mary, daughter of Dr. Wootton, Bishop of Exeter. He was born in 1593, entered Lincoln College, Oxford, April 15, 1608, was a barrister of Lincoln's Inn, and was elected Recorder of Wells, Dec. 10, 1625. He was M.P. for Wells 1627 and 1639. He married Elizabeth, daughter of William Walrond, of Isle Brewers, Somerset, and had issue:(1) John, born 1625 (the Physician to Charles II); (2) Mary; (3) Elizabeth. He died in 1644.

Sir John Baber, Kt., M.D., Physician in ordinary to Charles II, married:

1. Elizabeth, daughter of Sir John Richards, Kt., of Yavesland, in the Isle of Wight. She died 1658. Issue, 3 sons.

2. (Marriage licence in Faculty Office, Aug. 1, 1674). Ann, 2nd Viscountess Bayning, of Foxley, Berks, daughter of Paul, 1st Viscount, and widow of Henry Murray, a groom of the chamber to Charles I. She died Oct. 14, 1678. No issue.

3. (Marriage license in Faculty Office, Feb. 12, 1680, marriage celebrated at St. Bride's, Feb. 15, 1680). Bridget, Viscountess Kilmorey, daughter of Sir William Drury of Bosthorpe, Norfolk, and a widow having been previously married to (a) Charles Needham, 4th Viscount Kilmorey, who died 1666, and (b) Sir John Shaw, Bart. No issue.

H. H. B.

AN EARLY ADVOCATE OF INOCULATION (12 S. xii. 413, 455).-The Vestry Minute Book of St. Mary's, Fort St. George, India, shows that inoculation was introduced to that Presidency in the year 1764. Governor Palk presided at the Vestry meeting, which was attended by General Stringer Lawrence, several covenanted servants of the E.I. Company, and a few free merchants, including Andrew Ross, a former Mayor and Sheriff of Madras. Ross proposed the introduction of the practice of inoculation into the settlement, by causing the children of the Charity School to be inoculated. After a lengthy discussion the Vestry,

upon consideration of the happy success inoculation has everywhere met with, the many lives it has providentially been the means of preserving, and the general observation that the best sort of smallpox is thereby produced, the danger next to none, and the recovery easy, it is agreed to desire the surgeons who attend the Hospital, when the season is most proper, to inoculate such of the Charity children as have not yet had the small

pox.

A reference to Haydn's Dictionary of Dates' shows that inoculation was first tried in England in 1721, and that vaccine inoculation was introduced by Dr. Jenner in 1799.

FRANK PENNY.

CHURCH WARDEN TOBACCO PIPES (12 S. xii. 371, 416).-Since I wrote on this subject I have had a fresh piece of ground dug up for a garden. We found a large quantity of 17in. clay pipes, mostly broken off short

to the bowl, but a few 3-4 inches long. They were all of the three chief types, ranging from the very small of the early part of the seventeenth or late part of the sixteenth century to those used from about 1670 to the middle of the eighteenth century. As this house was an inn from the early part of the reign of Elizabeth to the end Queen Anne's reign, it is quite understandable that the ashes and rubbish cast out on to the field at the back of the house would contain a large number of broken clay pipes. F. WILLIAM COCK, M.D.

of

JOHN DAVIS, temp. REFORMATION (12 S. xii. 351, 396).-John Davis was parson of Pirton, Worcs., 11 July, 1551, to 7 Nov., 1581. D. OF G.

KIMBER (12 S. xi. 512; xii. 198, 318, 437).-I have come across a book, written by S. A. Kimber, and published by him in Boston, U.S.A., in 1894, giving a list of "the descendants of Richard Kimber of Grove, Nr. Wantage, Officer of Horse in the Parliamentary Army." Edward Kimber is given as his great-grandson, and his (Edward's) family is enumerated. References, and place-names are, however, conspicuous by their absence.

Two points remain to be cleared up. Who first used the arms? and did Lower make a mistake in stating that a place in Cornwall was called South Kimber? T. R. T.

THE GENEALOGICAL SOCIETY OF GREAT BRITAIN (12 S. xii. 394, 437).-Rye ('Records and Record Searching,' 1888) mentions "The Genealogical and Historical Society," but gives no details.

A SPEECH OF NAPOLEON'S (12 S. xi. 451). Napoléon raconté par lui-même' published at Paris by the Mercure de France in 1912, gives the speech as follows:

14 Mai. Paris. En exécution de l'article 87 de la Constitution, concernant les récompenses militaires et pour récompenser aussi les services et les vertus civiles, il sera formé une légion d'honneur.

Je ne

Je défie qu'on me montre une république, ancienne on moderne, dans laquelle il n'y ait pas eu des distinctions. On appelle cela des hochets; et bien, c'est avec des hochets que l'on mène les hommes. Je ne dirais pas cela à une tribune; mais dans un conseil de sages et d'hommes d'état on doit tout dire. crois pas que le peuple français aime la liberté. l'égalité. Ces Français ne sont point changés par dix ans de révolution; its sont ce qu'étaient les Gaulois, fiers et légers. Ils n'ont qu'on sentiment, l'honneur. If faut donc donner de l'aliment à ce sentiment-là, il leur faut des distinctions. Croyez-vous que vous feriez battre des hommes par l'analyse? Jamais. Elle n'est bonne que pour le savant dans son cabi

net. If faut au soldat de la gloire, des dis'tinctions, des récompenses.

Croyez qu'il faille compter sur le peuple? Il crie indifféremment: Vive le roi! Vive la ligue! Il faut donc lui donner une direction et avoir pour cela des instruments. J'ai vu, maitriser un département. dans la guerre de la Vendée, quarante hommes

C'est ce système dont il faut nous emparer. F. M. M.

Camberley.

The passages quoted, allowing for some verbal differences and omissions, appear in 'The Life of Napoleon Buonaparte,' by William Hazlitt, 2nd edition, 1852, vol. ii, pp. 256-258. The speech as quoted there occupies more than two and a half pages. It was made by General Buonaparte, First Consul in the Council of State, at the resumed debate on the proposal to institute the Legion of Honour, year X, 18th Floréal, otherwise 1802, 8 May. It was in reply to Berlier, and more particularly to those who had cited the ancients as models. It was "The proposed Order Berlier who had said, leads to aristocracy; crosses and ribbons are the child's playthings of monarchy. ROBERT PIERPOINT.

The speech referred to, in somewhat different phrases, will be found in Hazlitt's Life of Napoleon' (The Grolier Society), Ch. xxv, vol. iii, p. 85.

ARCHIBALD SPARKE. This speech of Napoleon's will be found in full in Histoire de la Légion d'Honneur.' Par M. Saint-Maurice, 2e édition, Paris, 1833, p. 39 et seq.

Saint-Maurice gives as his authority Tribaudeau's 'Memories sur le Consulat.' F. J. HUDLESTON.

CHURCH OF ST. MARY-LE-MERGE, CAPELLE-FERNE. (12 S. xii. 393).-Hasted says this parish takes its name from its having ever been esteemed a chapel, capella, to the church of Alkham. In Testamenta Cantiana' (1907) are the following variations

of the name:

Capelle le farne (1484); St. Mary Marige (1493); St. Mary Marge, otherwise Capel le Farne (1509); St. Mary of Capell (1510); Capelfarne or St. Mary Merge (1511); Our Lady the Virgin and of St. Mary Magdelene; St. Mary Magdalene, otherwise Capelfarne (1515); Our Lady of Capell in the ferne (1526). A. H. W. FYNMORE. High Street, Littlehampton.