Essentials of Geochemistry

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Jones & Bartlett Learning, 2009 - 797 Seiten
Updated throughout with the latest data and findings, the Second Edition of Essentials of Geochemistry provides students with a solid understanding of the fundamentals of and approaches to modern geochemical analysis. The text uses a concepts of chemical equilibrium approach, which considers the reactions that occur as a result of changes in heat production and pressure within the Earth to introduce students to the basic geochemical principles. This text is for those who want a quantitative treatment that integrates the principles of thermodynamics, solution chemistry, and kinetics into the study of earth processes. This timely text contains numerous examples and problems sets which use SUPCRT92 to allow students to test their understanding of thermodynamic theory and maximize their comprehension of this prominent field. New sections introduce current “hot” topics such as global geochemical change with the short and long term carbon cycle, carbon isotopes and the Permo-Triassic extinction event, kinetics and the origin of life and the use of boron and nitrogen isotopes.
 

Inhalt

1 Introduction
1
2 The Earths Aggregate Physical and Chemical State
25
3 Introduction to Thermodynamics
60
4 Solutions and Simple Phase Relations
105
5 Mineral Chemistry
147
6 Aqueous Solutions
186
7 Chemistry of Natural Waters
226
8 Chemistry of Igneous Rocks
269
Table of Elements with Atomic Number Atomic Weight and Valence States
681
Electron Configuration of Neutral Elements
684
Atomic Abundance of Elements for the Entire Earth
688
Gibbs Energy and Volume of Liquid H2O
690
Interactive Session with SUPCRT92
692
Revised HKF Model for the Thermodynamic Properties of Aqueous Species
700
Thermodynamic Data for Minerals
707
Thermodynamic Data for Gases
720

9 Chemical Controls on Soil Formation Diagenesis Metamorphism and Hydrothermal Ore Deposition
322
10 Radioactive Isotope Geochemistry
371
11 Stable Isotope Geochemistry
415
12 Surface Sorption Geochemistry
478
13 Chemical Kinetics
506
14 Oxidation and Reduction
556
15 Organic Geochemistry
591
16 Atmospheric Chemistry
634
Symbols and Abbrevations
671
Common Conversion Factors
679
Thermodynamic Data for Aqueous Species
723
DebyeHückel A Parameters in kg12 mole12
728
DebyeHückel B Parameters in kg12 mole12 Å
729
Decay Chain of Isotopes 238U 232Th and 235U Indicating the HalfLife of Each Isotope
730
Balancing OxidationReduction Reactions
731
Conversion Factors Between Solution Concentration Scales for a Single Solute
733
Glossary
734
Index
767
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Autoren-Profil (2009)

John V. Walther's graduate education culminated in a PhD degree in Geology from the University of California at Berkeley in 1978. While at Berkeley, he worked under the direction of the theoretical high-temperature/pressure solution geochemist, Prof. Harold C. Helgeson. He then spent two years at Yale University as a Gibbs Instructor in the Geology and Geophysics Department, where he learn hydrothermal experimental techniques from Prof. Philip Orville. In 1985 he accepted an appointment in Northwestern University's Geological Sciences Department in Evanston, IL. At Northwestern he rose to the rank of Professor, served as Chair of the Department of Geological Sciences and was the founding director of Northwestern's Environmental Science Program. In 1994 Dr. Walther was appointed to the Matthews Chair of Geochemistry in the Geological Sciences Department at Southern Methodist University in Dallas, Texas. At S.M.U. he is the Director of the Environmental Sciences/Studies Program. His teaching responsibilities include courses in Oceanography, Resources and the Environment, Geochemistry, and Hydrogeology.

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