Elements of Geology; Or, The Ancient Changes of the Earth and Its Inhabitants as Illustrated by Geological Monuments

abundant alluvium ancient argillaceous augite basalt beds bones calcareous Caldera called Carboniferous character clay cliffs coal cone conglomerate consist containing corals Crag crater Cretaceous crystalline denudation deposits Devonian dikes Eningen Eocene eruptions Europe extinct fauna feet thick felspar fish fissures flint formations fossil fossiliferous fragments freshwater genera genus Geol geological geologists glaciers gneiss granite gravel Greensand Heer horizontal hornblende island Journ lakes land lava layers Lias lime limestone living Llandeilo London clay Lower Miocene mammalia marine shells marl mass metamorphic mica miles mineral Miocene mollusca mountain newer North nummulitic observed occur Old Red older Oolite organic remains origin pebbles period plants Pliocene plutonic Post-pliocene quadrupeds quartz Red Sandstone region reptiles river sand schists scoriæ seen shale Silurian slates sometimes South species stone strata stratified supposed surface tertiary trachyte tuffs Upper Miocene valley veins vertical volcanic rocks white chalk