1.

EXAMPLES.

B afked C how much his horse cost; C answered, that if he coft him three times as much as he did, and 15 dollars more, he would

stand him in 300 dollars; what was the price of the horse ?

285 too little by 15 dols. 303 too much by 3 dols.

2. Two perfons, A and B, have both the fame income; A faves one-fifth of his yearly; but B, by fpending 150 dollars per annum more than A, at the end of 8 years finds himself 400 dollars in debt; what is their income, and what does each spend per annum ?

Anf. Their income is 500 dollars per annum; alfo A spends 400, and B 550 dollars per annum.

3. There is a fifh whole head is 9 inches long, and his tail is as long as his head and half his body, and his body is as long as the head and tail; what is the whole length of the fish?

Anf. 6 feet.

4. Divide 15 into two fuch parts, so that when the greater is multiplied by 4, and the lefs by 16, the products will be equal. Anf. 12 and 3.

5. A man had two filver cups of unequal weight, having one cover to both, 5 oz. ; now if if the cover is put on the lefs cup it will be double the weight of the greater cup, and put on the greater cup it will be three times as heavy as the lefs cup: what is the weight of each cup? Anf. 3 oz. lefs- -4 oz. greater. 6. A perfon being afked, in the afternoon, what o'clock it was, answered that the time paft from noon was equal to of the time to midnight; required the time? Anf. 36 minutes past one.

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EXCHANGE.

EXCHANGE is the paying of money in one place or country, for the like value to be received in another place or country.

There are two kinds of money, viz. Real, and Imaginary.

Real money is a piece of metal coined by the authority of the State, and current at a certain price, by virtue of the faid authority, or of its own intrinfic value.

Imaginary money is a denomination used to express a fum of money of which there is no real fpecies, as a livre in France, a pound in America, because there is no fpecies current, in this or that country, precifely of the value of either of the fums.

Par of Exchange is the intrinfic value of the money of one country compared with that of another country, as one pound sterling is equal to thirty-five fhillings Flemish.

Courfe of Exchange is the current or running price of exchange, which is fometimes above, and fometimes below par, varying according to the occurrences of trade, or demand for money. Of this courfe, there are tables published daily in commercial cities: thus by Lloyd's Lift, of 3d. December, 1799, the course of exchange between Hamburgh and London, was 32s. 6d. Flemish, per pound fterling, being 25. 5d. under par, or lofs to London.

The money of account is pounds, fhillings, pence, and farthings. The English Guinea is 21 fhillings Sterling.

Weights and measures generally as in the United States.

To change Sterling to Federal money.

RULE. Annex three cyphers to the fum (if pounds only) and multiply it by 4; this product divide by 9, and you have the anfwer in cents. If there be fhillings, &c. the usual method is to reduce it to Massachusetts money, by adding one third to it, and then reduce this fum to Federal.

2. Change £.389 17 4 Sterl. to Federal, exchange at 33 per cent. that is, £.1333 Maffachusetts for £.100 Sterling.

NOTE. Sterling is changed to Maffachusetts money by adding one-third to the fum, and Maffachusetts to Sterling by deducting one-fourth from it.

To change Federal Currency to Sterling.
RULE. Work by either of the following methods.

I.

What is the Federal amount of an invoice of goods, charged

at £.196 14 6 Sterl. advancing on it 25 per cent. ?

25 196 14 6 Sterling.

49 37

Advance.

The Sterling cost of certain goods being £.60 12 6, what does it amount to in Massachusetts money, advancing on it 50 per ct.?

2.

The mercantile method, with 50 per cent. advance, is to double the Sterling for Maffachusetts money; thus,

60 12 6 Sterl.

2

£.121 50 Maff. as above.

3. An invoice of goods, charged at £.52 19 7 fterling, is fold at 75 per cent. advance on the fterling coft, how much is it in Maffachusetts money ?

Anf. £.123 12 44 Massachusetts money.

The mercantile method, with 75 per cent. advance, is to multiply the fterling by 2 for Maffachusetts money.

£.123 12 4 Maffachusetts money, as above.

4. The fterling coft of certain goods being £.214 11 6, ho much is it in Federal money, advancing thereon 60 per cent. ?

5. A merchant in Boston receives a parcel of goods from London, charged in the invoice at the following prices, and marks them for fale at 60 per cent. advance on the Sterling coft; required the felling price of each in Maffachusetts money.

dols.c.m.

13 8 Sterling, adv. 60 per ct. 29 1 Maff. money, or 4 85 3