forth the importance of Scientific Institutes, and urging upon them concert of action, for the purpose of sustaining them; and to mature some plan of opera. tions, to present to the Ohio State Teachers' Association, at its next annual meeting, inviting its coöperation.

Resolved, That the practical knowledge we have obtained by the use of Mr. Holbrook's extensive apparatus; that the rich results of our own manipulations in Chemistry, Natural Philosophy, Geology, Mineralogy, Botany, &c.; that the demonstrative tests of minerals with acids, the blow-pipe, and other means; that the amount of information that has been imparted upon the sciences, by the aid of philosophical experiments, manipulations, use of charts, minerals, fossils, and chemicals; and the ease with which we find persons can learn to use apparatus, manipulate, and apply various tests, in the short space of two or three weeks, call upon us to speak decidedly and emphatically in favor of the novel scheme of a "Scientific Institute."

Resolved, That we feel ourselves under great obligations to Mr. Holbrook, for taking the lead in this important reform of the day, by which we feel ourselves so much profited, and so plentifully supplied with that which seems to be an indispensable stock for the practical teacher.

Resolved, That the true way of expressing our appreciation of the instructions received at this Institute, will be to carry with us into our respective schoolrooms, the same zeal and earnest desire for imparting practical knowledge, that we have seen exemplified by Mr. Holbrook, before his class.

Resolved, That the thanks of the members of this Institute be tendered to the newspaper editors of this State, for their liberality in publishing notices of this Institute.

Resolved, That copies of these resolutions be sent to the "Ohio Journal of Education," the "Type of the Times," and to the papers of this county, and of Cleveland, for insertion, and that editors of other papers be requested to copy. CHAS. S. ROYCE, Chairman.

J. MARKHAM, Secretary.

MARLBORO', Stark co., August 14, 1854.

DR. LORD:-I am delighted to witness the working of the new School Law in the small districts in the neighborhood of my father's residence in Mahoning county, Greene township. I have visited two schools that I have found in session. They are not what they ought to be; but there is manifest improvement. In one of them a young lady, who has conducted the summer school successfully, is employed for the fall and winter; and I think that the good judgment of the directors of the other district will do likewise. This is progress in the proper direction. It is new in this part. But I trust that the fact, that it is the best economy for the small districts generally to employ good female teachers by the year, will soon commend itself to all. Let other teachers labor as these have done, and the "time draws nigh."

No High School is "voted;" but the friends of such a movement have the Law in their favor, and they need not despond. Is it not possible to so amend the good law as to make it the duty of a select Board of School Directors to open a school for teachers at some central place in every county? Under the present arrangement such a school is much more needed than the Township High School. Some of the best young teachers in the State are seeking for still better preparation for their calling. The alternating male and female teachers, for the summer and winter, will continue for some time yet. Such central school, if free to all teachers, although it did not have much pretensions at first, would attract

this class, and soon develop itself into one of the first rank institutions. Why not erect a building for such purpose, at public expense, near the court-house and jail? Why not? I believe the people will soon say, it shall be done. WILMINGTON, Del.

Yours &c.,

WM. TRAVIS.

Notices of Colleges, Schools, etc. COMMENCEMENT-Marietta College.-Commencement was held on the 27th of July. The graduating class numbered eleven. The degree of A. M. in course was conferred on Geo. W. Dodge, and the honorary degree of A. M., on G. W. Batchelder, Superintendent of the Public Schools of Zanesville, and E. D. Kingsley, Superintendent of the Schools of Marietta. The degree of D. D. was conferred on Rev. Addison Kinsgbury of Putnam.

Kenyon College.-Commencement was attended on the 2d of August. The degree of A. B. was conferred on the members of the graduating class, numbering four. The honorary degree of A. M. was bestowed on Mr. WM. MITCHELL, Superintendent of the Schools of Fredericktown, Knox co.

Wittenberg College-Commencement on the 19th of July; the graduating class numbered five; the degree of A. M. was conferred in course on eight members of the class of 1851.

CATALOGUES.-Ohio University.—Seniors 3, Juniors 3, Sophomores 13, Freshmen 43, College classes 62, Preparatory course, Senior section 38, Junior section 42-80. Total 142. Total last year 102.

Oakland Female Seminary.-Students in the first year 9, second year 31, Junior year 20, Senior year 15, Graduates this year 10, total 85. The next session commences on the 18th of September. Address Rev. J. M. Matthews, Principal, Hillsboro', O.

Salem Academy.-The eleventh annual circular has this summary: males 89, females 39, total 128. Rev. J. A. I. Lowes, A. M., Principal, South Salem, Ross Co., O.

COMMENCEMENT OF SESSIONS, ETC.-Starling Medical College at Columbus. -The Lectures will commence on the 18th of October, and continue twenty weeks. Tickets of all the professors $60, Matriculation $3, Dissection $5, Graduation $20. Address S. M. Smith, M. D., Dean, Columbus, O.

The next session in the institutions named below, will commence as follows:
Western Reserve Teachers' Seminary, Kirtland, Lake co., August 30th.
Allen co. Institute, at Lima, S. E. Adams, Principal, September 4th.
Hopedale High School. Harrison co., E. Regal, Principal, September 6th.
Granville (Episcopal) Female Seminary, First Thursday in September.
Granville Female Academy, First Thursday in September.
Esther Institute, Columbus, Fourth Wednesday in September.

PUBLIC SCHOOLS.-McConnelsville.-The Committee appointed to attend the examinations of these schools, at the close of last year, report as follows:

The various examinations gave undoubted evidence of the competency, fidelity and success of the teachers, as well as of the ability and successful oversight of the superintendent. The order and system apparent in all the schools is the best eulogy upon the rules and regulations by which they are governed.

In general the scholars were prompt in their answers, and indicated a sufficient acquaintance with their studies to justify their graduation. That there should have been some slight exceptions was not to be wondered at, and even these were

not perhaps greater than will always arise from diversity of mind, and peculiarities of home instruction.

As a general rule, they who stood fairest on the record of the schools, in point of deportment and constant attendance, were able to undergo the most satisfactory examination.

From this we infer that the patrons of the schools can secure their efficiency, and their children's advancement, by a prompt compliance with the rules and regulations you have prescribed, and the precepts enjoined by the teachers. All of which is respectfully submitted.

T. W. TIPTON,
WILLIAM AIKIN,

A. SNYDER,
CHAS. F. MUSSEY,
E. DAWES,

Committee.

RIPLEY.-Through the influence of Mr. Hewett, the Superintendent, and others interested in the Union School, a Union Celebration of the Fourth of July was at tended this year, in which citizens of all sects and parties cordially united; the exercises were of a highly interesting and profitable kind. At the close of the last school year, the pupils of the High School presented to their Teacher, Miss ERVIN, a valuable gold watch. At the same time, the scholars of the Primary department presented a finely bound Hymn Book, and the members of the school at large, a silver cup, appropriately inscribed, to Mr. HEWETT. Such incidents are among the pleasant things with which the life of the true Teacher abounds. WELLSVILLE. We learn, with surprise, that in consequence of some action of a recently organized Board of Education, Mr. PARSONS, the Superintendent, and all the Teachers recently employed have resigned. Some statements have been made to us on both sides, but we have not sufficient information to authorise the expression of an opinion.

NEWPORT, KY. "Professor Hurty, who has so long and successfully taught the Lebanon Union School, has been called by the Directors of the Newport (Ky.) High School to take charge of that Institution. It is organized on the same plan as the Free Schools of Ohio. While we regret the loss of the services of Mr. Hurty, it gives us pleasures to state, that he receives, in his new appointment, a liberal increase of salary. The people of Newport may well congratulate themselves on obtaining, through their Directory, so able an instructor as Mr. Hurty."

-Lebanon Star.

Selections.

Facts about Digestion.-Wheat is the most nutritious of all substances except oil, containing 95 parts of nutriment to 5 of waste matter. Dry peas, nuts and barley are nearly as nutritious as wheat. Garden vegetables stand lowest on the list, inasmuch as they contain, when fresh, a large portion of water. The quan tity of waste matter is more than eight-tenths of the whole. Only one-fortieth of a cucumber is capable of being converted into nutriment. The nutritious parts of the different meats vary from one-fifth to one-eighth of the whole. Veal is the most nutritious; then fowls, then beef, last pork. The most nutri tious fruits are plums, grapes, apricots, cherries, peaches, gooseberries, apples, strawberries and melons.

Of all the articles of food, boiled rice is digested in the shortest time-an hour.

As it contains eight-tenths nutritious matter, it is a valuable substance of diet. Tripe and pigs' feet are digested almost as rapidly. Apples, if sweet and ripe, are next in order. Venison is digested almost as soon as apples. Roasted potatoes are digested in half the time required by the same vegetables when boiled, which occupy three hours and a half-more than beef or mutton. Bread occupies three hours and a quarter. Stewed oysters and boiled eggs are digested in three hours and a half-an hour more than is required by the same articles raw. Turkey and goose are converted in two hours and a half-an hour and a half sooner than chicken.

Roasted veal, pork and salted beef occupy five hours and a half- the longest of all articles of food.-Scientific American.

Size of the West.-Illinois, it is said, would make forty such states as Rhode Island, and Minnesota sixty. Missouri is larger than all New England. Ohio exceeds either Ireland, Scotland or Portugal, and equals Belgium, Scotland and Switzerland together. Missouri is more than half as large as Italy, and larger than Denmark, Holland, Belgium and Switzerland. Missouri and Illinois are larger than England, Scotland, Ireland and Wales.

Growth of the Union. The census of 1850, as compiled by Dr. De Bow, develops some wonderful and intersting facts in regard to the rapid growth and extent of the States. In 1701, the colonies contained a population of only 265,000 souls. In 1749 another estimate, was made, and the result was a population of 1,046,000. In 1775 the report was 2,803,000-being nearly 300,000 less than the present population of New York! In 1760, under the first census, the population was 4,929.827. There were then seventeen states and territorial governments; in 1800, twenty-one states and territories; in 1810, twenty-five; in 1820, twentyseven; in 1830, twenty-eight; in 1840, thirty; and in 1850, thirty-six. We have now thirty-nine, having added to the list Nebraska, Kansas and Washington. Our territorial extent, says Mr. De Bow, is nearly ten times as large as that of Great Britain and France combined; three times as large as the whole of France, Britain, Austria, Prussia, Spain, Portugal, Belgium, Holland and Denmark together; one and a half times as large as the Russian empire in Europe; one sixth less only than the area covered by the 59 or 60 empires, states and republics in Europe; of equal extent with the Roman empire, or that of Alexander, neither of which exceeded three millions of square miles. We have an ocean and gulf shore line of 12,609 miles, an island shore line of 9,247 miles, a tidal flow of 11,213, and an inland river steamboat navigation of 47,355 miles!

Metaphysics. A Scotch blacksmith gave the following definition: "two foulk disputen thegither, he that's listening disna ken wat he that's speaking means, and he that's speaking disna ken what he means himself-that's metaphysics." John Randolph met a personal enemy in the street, one day, who refused to give half the side walk, saying he never turned out for a rascal. “I do," said Randolph, stepping aside and politely raising his hat, "pass on, sir, pass on."

Manufacture of Clocks.-At a celebrated clock manufactory, in Connecticut, 250 men are employed, and the clocks are manufactured at the rate of 600 a day. Each clock passes through about 50 different hands. More than half of the clocks made in Connecticut are sent to France.

In N. Hampshire there are but 76 persons, between the ages of 14 and 21, who are unable to read and write, a fact which shows sufficiently the educational advancement of that state, where the people are probably better educated than

anywhere else in this union. There are 90,000 pupils on the school lists, 70,000 of whom attended the winter schools; and the whole number of persons between the ages of 4 and 14, not attending school at all, is but 3,536.

Velocities. The velocity of a ship is from 8 to 12 miles an hour; of a race horse, from 20 to 30 miles; of a bird, from 50 to 60 miles; of the clouds, in a violent hurricane, 80 to 100 miles; of sound, 823 miles; of a cannon ball, as found by experiment, from 600 to 1000 miles; (the common estimate is much too low;) of the earth round the sun, 68,000 miles, more than a hundred times swifter than a cannon ball; of Mercury, 105,000; of light, about 800,000,000 miles, passing from the sun to the earth, 95,000,000 miles, in about eight minutes, or about a million times swifter than a cannon ball; and the exceeding velocity of the thoughts of the human mind is beyond all possible estimate.

A Rebuke. A pious man once being in company where there was a person who frequently used the words, devil, deuce, &c., and at last took the name of God in vain; "Stop, sir," said the old man, "I said nothing while you only used freedom with the name of your master, but I insist upon it, you shall use no such freedom with the name of my Master."

In a "Prize Essay on the Sabbath," written by a journeyman printer in Scotland, there occurs the following passage:

"Yoke-fellow! think how the abstraction of the Sabbath would hopelessly enslave the working classes, with whom we are identified. Think of labor thus going on in one monotonous and continuous and eternal cycle-limbs forever on the rack, the fingers ever plying, the eyeballs forever straining, the brow forever sweating, the feet forever plodding, the brain forever throbbing, the shoulders forever drooping, the loins forever aching, and the restless mind forever scheming. "Think of the beauty it would efface, of the merry heartedness it would extinguish; of the giant strength that it would tame; of the resources of nature that it would exhaust; of the aspirations it would crush; of the sickness it would breed; of the projects it would wreck; of the groans it would extort; of the lives it would immolate; and of the cheerless graves that it would prematurely dig! See them toiling and moiling, sweating and fretting, grinding and hewing, weaving and spinning, mowing and reaping, razing and building, digging and planting, unloading and storing, striving and struggling-in the garden and in the field, in the granary and in the barn, in the factory and in the mill, in the ware house and in the shop, on the mountain and in the ditch, on the road-side and in the wood, in the city and in the country, on the sea and on the shore, in the days of brightness and of gloom.

"What a sad picture would the world present if we had no Sabbath."

A late number of the American Railway Times, gives as the number of miles of railroads finished in the United States, 17,811; the number of miles in progress, and soon to be completed, is stated at 12,838-making in all, 30,649. The total cost of the railroads completed is placed at $508,588,038.

In the number of miles completed, Ohio is the first on the list, having forty-six railroads completed, with 2,609 miles in operation and 1,582 miles in the course of construction, costing $50,775,344. In the number of roads, Pennsylvania is ahead of Ohio, having sixty-four; but in the length of roads she falls far behind, having only 1,464 miles completed and 987 in the course of construction, the cost of which is near eight millions more than the entire cost of the roads in Ohio. New York has thirty-one roads-2,362 miles completed and 364 miles in the course of construction, the cost of which is $94,361,265.