Research Methods in Social Relations

achievement analysis answer archival asked assess attitudes average behavior biases birthrate causal chapter classrooms coded construct construct validity contingency table control group correlation dichotomous discussed distribution divorce rates effects errors of prediction ethical examine example experimental Guttman scales income independent variable individual instance internal validity interquartile range investigator involved issues lambda leadership style Likert scale marriage rate mean measure ment methods null hypothesis operational definition partial relationship participant observation percent population position possible posttest pretest problem procedures produce psychological questionable practices r-squared random assignment random sampling randomly rating scales records regression reliability research design research participants respondent's responses rival explanations scatterplot scores selected simple simple random sample social relations social science social scientists specific statistical subjects survey research Table teams techniques telephone interviews theory Thurstone scales tion treatment values