The Preparation and Properties of Metallic Cerium

acid action added alcohol alloy aluminum ampere anhydrous anhydrous chlorides Annalen anode appeared attacked bath brittle carbide carbon carbon tetrachloride cathode caused cell cerium cerium chloride cerous Chem chloride completion compound concentrated conductivity containing copper crucible dehydration described determined diameter difficulties dilute dissolved easily electrical electrolysis evaporating experiments fact fairly filings fluorides formation formed furnace fused gives glass grams graphite hard HCl gas heated hydrated iron kilograms lead liquid material means measurements melting point metal method mixed oxides mixture molten Muthmann obtained occurs partial passed percent percent cerium piece pipe placed platinum porcelain potassium powder precipitation prepared prevent properties pure pyrophoric rare-earth reaction reasons reduction referred salt showed small amount sodium solution sparking specific studied sulphuric surface taken temperature thermal tube vessel volts weight writer