when he wants it, without any loss of time, and without being obliged, to save time, to employ in haste, at random, some other shade or tint that will not answer.

Once all this prepared, an easy distribution of the trees and shrubs follows of itself.

Here the artist requires some knowledge of perspective. The tables, or lists, will help him along, under these circumstances, by the indication of the heights.

Whatever may be planted in a place ought to be distributed or located with a double aim. Often there are three different objects: in very large places, they may be even repeated several times.

In a small lot, it may be done with a single object in view; and, most generally, it must be done so.

I am going to try a simple illustration of a good distribution of trees and shrubs in a place that may answer for obtaining a single object; but one thing must be kept in mind here, and this is of the greatest importance.

Do not keep your attention as much on the distribution and location of your trees and shrubs, as a general thing, as on the outlines of your lawn.

The lawn is the space left between you and the pictures that the planting will produce; and, if you do not respect its outlines, the whole will be spoiled, whatever may be its shape, undulations, or declivities.

I do not call a lawn a grass-plot in the front of the house, or on any other side of it, scattered with irregularly-planted shade-trees touching each other on their tops; hiding the house itself, and obliterating from every part of the place such beauties it may offer from other parts of it.

There may be shade near the house without spoiling other effects. It requires a few single standing shade-trees at a reasonable distance from the dwelling, located in the right place. A few trees with tall, bare shafts and fine heads-i.e., American elms, sycamore-maples, Norway maples, &c., with limbs spreading horizontally on a sufficient distance over the ground, near enough to give the benefit of their shade without obstructing the vista, but sufficiently distant from the building to not injure it — will answer the purpose.

The lawn must be a lawn, an open space of grass accessible to the sun

and the free circulation of air, where grass can grow freely; where, in the morning or in the evening, you may cover with your eyes a large surface, and, as on a stage, notice at one glance all the changes of decorations produced by the long shades cast over it by the trees on one side, and the brilliant effects of the sun on the other. This is what a lawn should be.

With scattered trees all over the grass-plot, one may be right in saying that he cannot see the forest on account of the many trees.

Admitting a place for a lawn in this style, as illustrated by the following diagram, what is intended to be planted according to this rule are not single standing trees, but smaller or larger groups, or even groves, in the back-ground, — masses of foliage that may often be increased in dimensions, the farther off they are.

The number of these groups is not determined; but their location ought to be selected with regard to each other, so that more frequently groups of the 2, 3, and 4 region may come in view without other groups in front of them.

The necessary openings for vistas, if staked out before the planting, will have to be left open; or, if the nature of the land permits it, as, for instance, in a lawn ascending from the house towards its end, shrubs of such a size as will not reach the visual line may be employed in front without danger.

With such a distribution, it becomes clear that through the openings remaining between the groups, and by diversifying the colors of the foliage and the forms of the trees, there will be as many different aspects as openings; and whenever one looks through an open space, be it from the front to the rear, or from the rear to the front, the variety will be everywhere repeated.

Single trees and single shrubs of all sizes may be planted thinly and irregularly over these vacancies: for this purpose, trees of remarkable forms, of characteristic appearance, color, or flowers, or often show-plants that are too valuable to be used in the groups, may be employed.

These single trees and shrubs are not to be distributed according to their sizes, in their respective regions, as indicated for the groups; but, if not exactly the reverse, at least with a tasteful fancy. For instance, in front, or on the shade side of a group of dark evergreens in the 3's or 4's

A is a house with vistas from its main front in the directions marked with arrows. The open lawn desired is indicated at B, and by an undulating line forming the outskirts of it. Four dotted lines, indicated by 1, 2, 3, 4, show the division-lines between the various heights of shrubs and trees, in which the distribution of the subjects given as ornament outside of the lawn has to take place; fi, at C, between the lawn itself and the line 1, shrubs of from three to ten feet; between 1 and 2, on D, shrubs from ten to fifteen or twenty feet; between 2 and 3, on E, small-sized trees of from twenty to forty; and, on the last space, trees of the larger and largest size.

region, there may be some two or three low-growing, broad-leaved, and light-colored shrubs; for instance, Hydrangea hortensis or arborescens.

Near a group of low deciduous shrubs in the first region there may be an Irish juniper or a Podocarpus japonica, and so forth.

In this distribution, the artist has a wide scope for displaying taste and fancy; and it will be understood by doubtful readers, that, in spite of the mathematical distribution of the trees and shrubs, such a place, well arranged, will not exactly look like a deep saucer, nor like a Roman arena.

The diagram given here is of the plainest form for a better understanding only. It does not happen often that the outlines are regular, or the different regions of equal width: in a small place, ƒ1, the first region for the shrubbery may occupy for itself as much space as the three farther ones. If there are two lawns, or even more, or two lawns intersecting each other, as shown by this sketch, the arrangement must first be made separate for

each of them, without regard to the other, and then the planting removed in all the places where the same regions of the two lawns will intersect each other.

Thus may be formed two quite independent lawns, each one presenting the beauties of a single one, arranged with the greatest care, without interfering with each other.

The trees and shrubs once distributed, the drive and the walks, if not already on the ground, may be drawn or staked out where they should be located, without regard to the intended groups, but certainly with the con

sideration of such features as may be on the ground. Such groups as may come in the way will have to be removed farther, or suppressed. (This is understood in making up the plans.)

The laying-down of the drive and walks will then determine a more correct distribution of all the single standing show-plants mentioned, which may be located at irregular distances right and left along them, so as to present themselves better to the eye of the visitor, but still in such a connection with the groups near by as to form the contrasts or effects already mentioned.

How far this system corresponds with walks and drives already established, or with native trees already on the ground, I shall try to explain in another article. There is no great difficulty about it; but it requires some practice to bring them into the new arrangement.

Difficulties spring up on such places only where operations have been commenced without any conception or plan by some inexperienced hand, where many things already done will have to be taken into consideration.

In such cases, that occur not unfrequently, I compare the work to be done as troublesome as the job of a tailor getting cloth for a coat on which the owner has amused himself by sewing at random buttons and button-holes on it, but expects the tailor to leave them where they are to save expenses, to make them to fit together, but, nevertheless, make a nice coat. E. A. Bauman.

RAHWAY, N.J.

HYBRID PERPETUAL ROSE NAPOLEON III.

PERHAPS there is no class of roses more generally popular than the subjects of our present notice. They combine in an eminent degree hardiness of constitution, vigor of growth, elegance of foliage, and beauty and fragrance of flower.

The term "perpetual" is, however, somewhat a misnomer; for though by attention they may be made to bloom at any season, yet they are by no means as constantly in bloom as the tea or Bourbon roses. They, however, have the advantage of being hardy; and, if the June bloom is not allowed