*If. Ixvi. Millenium. fible; It deftroyed the grofs fuperftition of idol-wor- to the accumulation of this world's property, if they Millenium, fhip it abolished the practice, which was general in glowed from breast to breaft, and operated with equal the heathen world, of reducing to the loweft ftate of force on all men, would be productive of equal good fervitude the greatest part of our brethren: it softened and happinefs to all. We are scarcely able to perceive the horrors of war even when the vices of mankind the force of this at first view, because the deceit and made defence neceffary: it entered into social and pri- impofition which yet exift in the world, prevent the vate life; and taught men benevolence, humanity, and operation of the beft principles even in the best hearts. mercy. It is in thefe bleffed effects that we can ob. But in proportion to the improvement of mankind, ferve the progrefs of Chriftianity even to this day. what is their real intereft, and what are the real obSuperftition and idolatry were foon engrafted on the jects of happinéfs, will gradually unfold. The con. ftem which our Saviour planted in the world; but the tempt of vice will be greater in proportion to the scarfimplicity of the gofpel has been gradually undermi- city of it: for one villain gives countenance and fupning the fabric of fuperftition; and the men who are port to another, juft as iron fharpeneth iron. This moit nearly interested in the deceit are now almoft opens to our view another fact connected with the afhamed to fhow their faces in the caufe. The prac- practice of Chriftianity, namely, that the nearer it tice of flavery has, generally fpeaking, been extin- arrives to its perfect ftate, it will be the more rapid guifhed in the Chriftian world; yet the remains of it in its progrefs. The beauty of holiness will be more have been a difgrace to the Chriftian name, and the vifible; and, in the strong language of the prophet, profeffors of that religion have now begun to fee the "the earth fhall bring forth in one day, and a nation inconfiftency. War is not only carried on with lefs fhall be born at once." This future perfection of the animofity, and lefs havoc of the human fpecies; but gofpel is confiftent with its nature and importance.-8. men begin to cultivate more generally, and to delight We can fcarcely believe that means fo admirably adaptin, the arts of peace. The increasing spirit of charity ed to the reformation of mankind fhould be without and benevolence, of which it were eafy to give unex- their effect; and if the moft difficult part be already ample I inftances in the prefent age, is a decided proof accomplished, we have no reafon to apprehend that the of the increafing influence of Chriftianity. At the fcheme will not be completed. This fact is alfo clearfame time, if, inftead of these general principles, we ly the fubject of ancient prophecy. For "thus faith were to defcend to private examples of infidelity or the Lord t, I will extend peace to her like a river, † Ver. 12, of wickedness, it would be easy to bring proofs in and the glory of the Gentiles like a flowing ftream. 23. fupport of an oppofite opinion: but the reafoning And it fhall come to pass, from one fabbath to anowould by no means be equally conclufive; for if the ther, and from one new moon to another, fhall all general principles by which fociety is regulated be flefh come to worship before me, faith the Lord."— more liberal and merciful, it is evident that there is "Violence fhall be no more heard in thy land, wafting more goodness in a greater number of the human race. nor deftruction within thy border; but thou fhalt call Society is nothing more than a collection of individu- thy walls falvation, and thy gates praife." (If.lx. 18.) als; and the general tone, efpecially when it is on the fide of virtue, which almost in every inftance oppofes the defigns of leading and interefted men, is a certain evidence of the private spirit. To fhow that this reformation is connected with Christianity, it is unneceffary to state any comparison between the influence of heathen and the influence of Chriftian principles; between civilization as depending on the powers of the human understanding, and on the efficacy of the word of God. The whole of this controversy may be appealed to an obvious fact, viz. that as any nation has come nearer to the fimplicity of the gospel in the ftandard of its worship, it has been more poffeffed of those national virtues which we have afcribed to the influence of Christianity. This fact is worth a thou fand volumes of fpeculation on this fubject. 3. A revelation fanctioned by God, for a benevolent purpose, will be expected to produce effects correfponding to the wifdom which gave it, and to the pur pofe for which it is employed. It may be gradual; but it will be increafing, and it must increase, to the full harvest. He that has begun the good work will alfo finish it. It is reafonable to expect this illuftrious fuccefs of the gospel, both from the nature of the thing, and from the prophecies contained in the facred fcriptures. The precepts of the gofpel, in their genuine fenfe, are admirably calculated for the peace and welfare both of individuals and fociety. The greateft liberality of mind, the greateft generofity of temper, the most unbounded love, and the greateft indifference Without entering more minutely on the prophecy already quoted from chap. xx. of the book of the Revelation, it is fufficient to obferve, that Dr Whitby, in his treatife on the millenium at the end of his commentary, proves, in the cleareft manner, from the spirit of the paffage and the fimilarity of the expreffions with thofe of other prophets, that it refers to a ftate of the church for a thousand years, which shall be like life from the dead. The commencement of this period is connected with two events; the fall of antichrift, and the converfion of the Jews. The latter of thele events must be confidered as a key to all the prophecies concerning the millenium. As the Jews were the ancient people of God, and as their converfion is to be the previous ftep to the general knowledge of Chriftianity, the prophecies of the millenium have a chief relation to this important event. We have already obferved, that God never interpofes with miraculous power to produce what can be effected by natural means; and from what we know of human nature, we cannot but perceive that the converfion of the Jews will powerfully operate to the general conversion of mankind. Freed from thofe prejudices which now make them the objects of hatred in all nations, and fired with that zeal by which new converts are always actuated, they will preach the gofpel with a fervour of which we, who have long been blessed with its rays, can hardly form a conception; and, by their prefent difperfion over the whole earth, they will be enabled to adapt their inftructions to every individual of the D 2 human Milling Millot. Millepes human race in the language of his fathers. Indeed, if they are not at fome future period to be employed by Millarium Providence for this purpofe, it is difficult, if not impoffible, to give any reafon for their difperfed state and political exiftence. Just now it must be confeffed that they are the moft implacable enemies of the Chriftian name; but their converfion is not on that account more unlikely or improbable than were events which have taken place of nearly equal importance a very few years ago. On the whole, the perfection of Christianity is a doctrine of reafonable expectation to the church; and it is impoffible for the advocates for natural religion to deny, that unlimited obedience to its precepts is confiftent with the pureft ftate of liberty and of happiness. This is the only millenium which the prophets and apoftles, as we understand them, promife to the faints; but as men figuring in the very first ranks of learning have thought otherwife, we would not be too confident that our interpretation is juft.Such of our readers as wifh for further information, will find it in the works of Mr Mede, bifhop Newton, Dr Whitby, and Dr Gill; and to thofe mafterly writers we refer them for that fatisfaction which in fuch an article as this cannot be given. MILLEPES, or wOOD-LOUS, in zoology; a fpecies of ONISCUS. Thefe infects are found in cellars, under ftones, and in cold moift places; in the warmer countries they are rarely met with. Millepedes have a faint difagreeable fmell, and a fomewhat pungent, fweetish, naufeous talte. They have been highly ce lebrated in fuppreffions of urine, in all kinds of obAructions of the bowels, in the jaundice, weaknefs of fight, and a variety of other diforders. Whether they have any juft title to thefe virtues is greatly to be doubted; thus much is certain, that their real effects come far fhort of the character ufually give them. MILLEPORA, in natural hiftory, a name by which Linnæus diftinguishes that genus of lithophytes, of a hard ftructure and full of holes, which are not ftellate or radiated, and whofe animal is the hydra, in which it differs from the madrepora, and comprehending 14 different fpecies. In the millepora, the animal which forms and inhabits it occupies the substance; and it is observed that the millepore grow upon one another; their little animals produce their spawn; which attaching itself either to the extremity of the body already formed, or underneath it, gives a different form to this production. Hence the various fhapes of the millepora, which is compofed of an infinite number of the cells of thofe little infects, which all together exhibit different figures, though every particular cellula has its effential form, and the fame dimenfions, according to its own fpecies. MILLET, in botany. See MILIUM. MILLIARE, or MILLIARIUM, a Roman mile, which confifted of 100 paces, mille paffus, whence the name. MILLIARIUM AUREUM, was a gilded pillar in the forum of Rome, at which all the highways of Italy met, as one common centre. From this pillar the miles were counted, and at the end of every mile a ftone was put down. The milliary column was erected by Auguftus Cæfar, and, as we are informed by travellers, is ftill to be feen. MILLING of CLOTH. See FULLING. Sechem. MILLOT (Claude Francis Xavier), of the French academy, was born at Befançon March 1726, and was for fome time a Jefuit. He was confecrated for the pulpit, and continued to preach after he left the fociety But the weakness of his voice, his timidity, and the awkwardness of his manner, not permitting him to continue in this profeffion, he relinquished it, although he had preached Advent fermons at Verfailles, and Lent fermons at Luneville. The Marquis de Felino, minister of Parma, intituted an hiftorical clafs for the benefit of the young nobility; and, at the defire of M. le Duc de Nivernois, he gave the charge of it to the Abbé Millot. The minifter having occafioned a kind of rebellion among the people by fome innovations which he had made in the ftate, the Abbé continued attached to the interefts of his patron, and would not defert him till the ftorm was blown over. When he was told that he would lofe his place by this conduct, he replied, "My place is with a virtuous perfecuted man who has been my benefactor; and that I fhall never lofe." At length, having filled the historical chair with great approbation, he returned to France, and was appointed preceptor to M. le Duc d'Enghien. In this fituation he died, A. D. 1785, aged 59. The Abbé Millot did not thine in company; he was cold and referved in his manner; but every thing he faid was judicious, and exactly in point.D'Alembert faid, that of all his acquaintance the Abbé Millot had the feweft prejudices and the leaft pretenfion. He compofed feveral works, which are digefted with great care, and written in a pure, fimple, and natural ftyle. The principal are, 1. Elemens de l'Hiftoire de France, depuis Clovis jufque a Louis XIV. 3 vols The author, felecting the most curious and in 12mo. important facts, has fuppreffed every thing foreign to the fubject; and has not only arranged the materials in their proper order, but chofen them with the greatest judgment. Querlon thought this the beft abridgment which we have of the hiftory of France, and preferred it to that of the Prefident Henault. 2. Elemens de 'Hiloire d'Angleterre, depuis fon origine fous les Romains, In this valuable jufqu' à George II. 3 vols 12mo. abridgment, the author fatisfies, without tiring, his readers. It is all that is neceffary for those who wish to gain a general knowledge of the English history, without entering minutely into its particular parts. 3. Elemens de l'Hifloire Univerfelle, vols. 12mo. certain critic maintains, that this work is merely a counterfeit of Voltaire's general hiftory. But this cenfure is altogether unjuft. The ancient hiftory in this work is wholly compofed by the Abbé Millot; and, no lefs than the modern part, difcovers his abilities in the choice of facts, in divefting them of ufelefs circumftances, in relating them without prejudice, and in adorning them with judicious reflections. 4. L'Hi . A Loire Milo. attended by his wife and a numerous retinue of gladi- Milo. ators and fervants,, he met on the Appian road his enemy Clodius, who was returning to Rome with three of his friends and fome domeftics completely armed.— A quarrel arofe between the fervants. Milo fupported his attendants, and the difpute became general. Clodius received many fevere wounds, and was obliged to retire to a neighbouring cottage. Milo purfued his enemy in his retreat, and ordered his fervants to dis. patch him. The body of the murdered tribune was carried to Rome, and expofed to public view. The enemies of Milo inveighed bitterly against the violence and barbarity with which the facred person of a tribune had been treated. Cicero undertook the defence of Milo; but the continual clamours of the friends of Clodius, and the fight of an armed foldiery, which furrounded the feat of judgment, so terrified the orator, that he forgot the greatest part of his arguments, and the defence he made was weak and injudicious.Milo was condemned, and banished to Maffilia. Ci. cero foon after fent his exiled friend a copy of the ora tion which he had prepared for his defence, in the form in which we have it now; and Milo, after he had read it, exclaimed, O Cicero, badft thou spoken before my accufers in thefe terms, Milo would not be now eating figs at Marfeilles. The friendship and cordiality of Cicero and Milo were the fruits of long intimacy and familiar intercourfe. It was to the fuccefsful labours of Milo that the orator was recalled from banishment, and reftored to his friends. Mill, floire des Troubadours, 3 vols. 12mo, compiled from the manufcripts of M. de Sainte-Palaie. This work appears rather tedious, because it treats of men almost unknown, and moft of them deferving to be fo. What is there quoted from the Provencal poets is not at all interefting; and, according to the obfervation of a man of wit, it ferves no purpose to search curiously into a heap of old ruins while we have modern palaces to engage our attention." 5. Memoires politiques et Militaires, pour fervir à l'Hiftoire de Louis XIV. et de Louis XV. compofed from original papers collected by Adrian Maurice duc de Noailles, marshal of France, in 6 vols 12mo. 6. The Abbé Millot publifhed alfo feveral Difcourfes, in which he difcuffes a variety of philofophical queftions, with more ingenuity of argument than fire of expreffion; and a tranflation of the moft felect harangues in the Latin hiftorians; of which it has been remarked, as well as of the orations of the Abbé d'Olivet, that they are coldly correct, and clegantly infipid. The character of the author, more prudent and circumfpect than lively and animated, feldom elevated his imagination above a noble fimplicity without warmth, and a pure ftyle without oftentation. Some of the critics, however, have accused him of declamation in fome parts of his hiftories, particularly in thofe parts which concern the clergy. But, in our opinion, the word declamation is totally inapplicable to the writings of the Abbé Millot. He flatters, it i, true, neither priefts nor ftatesmen ; and he relates more inftances of vicious than of virtuous actions, becaufe the one are infinitely more common than the other : But he relates them coldly; and he appears to be guided more by fincerity and a love of truth, than by that partial philofophy which blames the Chriftian religion for thofe evils which it condemns. MILO, a celebrated athlete of Crotona in Italy. His father's name was Diotimus. He early accuftom ed himself to carry the greatest burdens, and by degrees became a prodigy of ftrength. It is faid that he carried on his fhoulders a young bullock, four years old, for above forty yards; and afterwards killed it with one blow of his fift, and eat it up in one day. He was seven times crowned at the Pythian games, and fix at the Olympian. He presented himself a feventh time; but no one had the courage or boldnefs to enter the lifts against him. He was one of the difciples of Pythagoras; and to his uncommon ftrength, it is faid, the learned preceptor and his pupils owed their life: The pillar which fupported the roof of the fchool fuddenly gave ay; but Milo fupported the whole weight of the building, and gave the philofopher and his auditors time to fcape. In his old age, Milo attempted to pull up a tree by the roots, and break it. He partly effected it; but his ftrength being gradually exhaufted, the tree when half cleft re-united, and his hands remained pinched in the body of the tree. He was then alone; and, being unable to difentangle himself, he was devoured by the wild beafts of the place, about 500 years before the Chriftian æra. MILO (T. Annius), a native of Lanuvium, who attempted to obtain the confulfhip at Rome by intrigue and teditious tumults. Clodius the tribune oppofed his views; yet Milo would have fucceeded but for the following event: As he was going into the country, MILO, (anciently Melos), an ifland in the Archipe lago, about 50 miles in circumference, with a harbour, which is one of the largest in the Mediterranean. The principal town is of the fame name as the ifland, and was prettily built, but abominably nafty: the houfes are two ftories high, with flat roofs; and are built with a fort of pumice-ftone, which is hard, blackish, and yet very light. This ifland was formerly rich and populous, From the earliest times of antiquity it enjoyed pure liberty. The Athenians, not being able to perfuade the Melians to declare in their favour in the Peloponnefian war, made a descent upon the island, and attacked them vigorously. In two different expeditions they failed of their purpose: but returning with more numerous forces, they laid fiege to Melos; and, obliging the befieged to furrender at discretion, put to the fword. all the men who were able to bear arms. They spared only the women and children, and these they carried into captivity. This act of cruelty puts humanity to the blush, and difgraces the Athenian name. But war was then carried on with a degree of wild rage, unexampled in the prefent times. Republics know not how to pardon, and always carry their vengeance to an extravagant height. When Lyfander, the Lacedemonian general, came to give law to the Athenians, he expelled the colony which they had fent to Melos, and re-established the unfortunate remains of its origi nal inhabitants. This island loft its liberty when Rome, afpiring to the empire of the world, conquered all the ifles of the Archipelago. In the partition of the empire, it fell to the share of the eastern emperors, was governed by particular dukes, and was at lait conquered by Soli. man II. Since that period, it has groaned under the oke. To fleep over-night, or to spend but one day in the Mila. Mila, yoke of Turkish defpotism, and has loft its opulence and fplendor. At the commencement of the prefent century, it boafled of 17 churches, and 11 chapels, and contained more than 20,000 inhabitants. It was very fertile in corn, wine, and fruits; and the whole space from the town to the harbour, which is nearly two miles, was laid out in beautiful gardens. M. Tour, nefort, who vifited it in the year 1700, gives a fine defcription of it. "The earth, being conftantly warm ed by fubterraneous fires, produced almost without in terruption plenteous crops of corn, barley, cotton, exquifite wines, and delicious melons. St Elias, the fineft monaftery in the island, and fituated on the most elevated fpot, is encircled with orange, citron, cedar, and fig trees. Its gardens are watered by a copious fpring. Olive trees, of which there are but few in the other parts of the island, grow in great numbers around this monaftery. The adjacent vineyards afford excellent wine. In a word, all the productions of the ifland are the very beft of their kinds; its partridges, quails, kids, and lambs, are highly valued, and yet may be bought at a very cheap price." *Letters on 42. "Yet (continues our author) a judicious and enlightened government might expel thofe evils which ravage Milos. Its firft care would be to establish a lazaret, and to prohibit veffels whofe crews or cargoes are infected with the plague from landing. Canals might next be cut, to drain the marshes, whose exha❤ lations are fo pernicious. The island would then be re-peopled. The fulphureous vapours are not the most noxious. Thefe prevailed equally in ancient times, yet the island was then very populous. M. Tournefort, who travelled through it a time lefs diftant from the period when it was conquered by the Turks, and when they had not yet had time to lay it wafte, reckons the number of its inhabitants (as we have faid) at about 20 000. The depopulation of Milos is there fore to be afcribed to the defpotifm of the Porte, and its detestable police.” The women of Milo, once fo celebrated for their Sutherland's beauty, are now fallow, unhealthy, and difguftingly Tour up the Were M. Tournefort to return to Milo, M. Savary* ugly; and render themselves ftill more hideous by their Straits, Greece, Let. affures us, he would no longer fee the fine ifland which drefs, which is a kind of loofe jacket, with a white P. 146 he has defcribed. "He might ftill fee alum, in the coat and petticoat, that fcarely covers two-thirds of their form of feathers, and fringed with filver thread, hang- thighs, barely meeting the ftocking above the knee. ing from the arches of the caverns; pieces of pure Their hind hair hangs down the back in a number of fulphur filling the cliffs of the rocks; a variety of mi- plaits; that on the fore-part of the head is combed neral fprings; hot baths, (though thefe are now only down each fide of the face, and terminated by a small a fet of small dirty caves); the fame fubterraneous ftiff curl, which is even with the lower part of the fires which in his days warmed the bofom of the cheek. All the inhabitants are Greeks, for the Turks earth, and were the cause of its extraordinary fertility: are not fond of trufting themselves in the fmall iflands; but instead of 5000 Greeks, all paying the capitation but every fummer the captain bafhaw goes round tax (4), he would now find no more than about 700 with a fquadron to keep them in fubjection, and to inhabitants on an island 18 leagues in circumference. collect the revenue. When the Ruffians made themHe would figh to behold the finest lands lying uncul- felves mafters of the Archipelago during the late war, tivated, and the most fertile valleys converted into mo- many of the islands declared in their favour; but beraffes; of the gardens fcarcely a veftige left; three- ing abandoned by the peace, they were fo feverely fourths of the town in ruins, and the inhabitants daily mulcted by the Grand Signior, that they have prodecreafing. In fhort, during the laft 50 years, Milos feffed a determination to remain perfectly quiet in fuhas affumed a quite different appearance. The plague, ture. As the Turks, however, do not think them which the Turks propagate every where, has cut off worth a garrison, and will not trust them with arms one part of its inhabitants; the injudicious admini- and ammunition, all those which the Ruffians may ftration of the Porte, and the oppreffive extortions of choose to invade will be obliged to fubmit. The two the Captain Pacha, have deftroyed the reft. At pre- points which form the entrance of the harbour, crosfent, for want of hands, they cannot cut out a free fing each other, render it imperceptible until you are channel for their waters, which ftagnate in the valleys, clofe to it. Thus, while, you are perfectly fecure corrupt, and infect the air with their putrid exhala within it, you find great difficulty in getting out, partions. The falt marshes, of which there are numbers ticularly in a northerly wind; and as no trade is carin the island, being equally neglected, produce the ried on except a little in corn and falt, Milo would fame effects. Add to thefe inconveniences, thofe ful- fcarcely ever be vifited, were it not that, being the phureous exhalations which arise all over the island, firft island which one makes in the Archipelago, the and by which the inhabitants of Milos are afflicted pilots have chofen it for their refidence. They live with dangerous fevers during three-fourths of the year. in a little town on the top of a high rock, which, from Perhaps they may be obliged to forfake their coun- its fituation and appearance, is called the Cafle.— try. Every countenance is yellow, pale, and livid; Partridges ftill abound in this island; and are fo cheap, and none bears any marks of good health. The pru- that you may buy one for a charge of powder only. dent traveller will be careful to spend but a very fhort The peafants get them by ftanding behind a portable time in this unwholesome conntry, unless he chooses fcreen, with a small aperture in the centre, in which to expose himself to the danger of catching a fever. they place the muzzle of their piece, and then draw the (A) Grown up men are the only perfons who pay the capitation tax. Therefore, by adding to the number of 5000 who paid the tax, the women, boys, and girls, we find that Milos, in the days of Tournefort, con tained at leaft 20,000 fouls. Milftone the partridges by a call. When a fufficient number are collected, they fire among them, and generally kill Miltiades. from four to feven at a fhot: but even this method of getting them is fo expenfive, from the fearcity of ammunition, that the people can never afford to fhoot them, except when there are gentlemen in the ifland, from whom they can beg a little powder and fhot. Milo is 60 miles north of Candia; and the town is fituated in E. Long. 25. 15. N. Lat. 36. 27. MILSTONE. See MILL-STONE, MILT, in anatomy, a popular name for the SPLEEN. MILT, or Melt, in natural history, the foft roe in fishes; thus called from its yielding, by expreffion, a whitish juice refembling milk. See ROE. The milt is properly the feed or fpermatic part of the male fish. The milt of a carp is reckoned a choice bit. I confifts of two long whitish irregular bodies, each included in a very thin fine membrane. M. Petit confiders them as the tefticles of the fish wherein the feed is preferved; the lower part, next the anus, he takes for the vficulæ feminales. MILTHORP, a port-town of Weftmoreland, at the mouth of the Can, five miles from Kendal. It is the only fea-port in the county; and goods are brought hither in fmall veffels from Grange in Lan cafhire. Here are two paper-mills. It has a market on Friday, and a fair on Old May-day; and there is a good ftone-bridge over the river Betha, which runs through the town. MILTIADES, an Athenian captain, fon of Cypfelus. He obtained a victory in a chariot race at the Olympic games. He led a colony of Athenians to the Cherfoncfus. The caufes of this appointment are ftriking and fingular. The Thracian Dolonci, haraffed by a long war with the Abfynthians, were directed by the oracle of Delphi to take for their king the first man they met in their return home, who invited them to come under his roof and partake his entertainments. This was Miltiades, whom the appearance of the Dolonci, with their strange arms and garments, had ftruck. He invited them to his house, and was made acquainted with the commands of the oracle. He obeyed; and when the oracle of Delphi had approved a fecond time the choice of the Dolonci, he departed for the Cherfonefus, and was invefted by the inhabitants with fovereign power. The firft measures he took was to flop the further incur fions of the Abfynthians, by building a ftrong wall across the Ifthmus. When he had established himself at home, and fortified his dominions against foreign invafion, he turned his arms against Lanipfacus. His expedition was unfuccefsful; he was taken in an ambufcade, and made prifoner. His friend Crofus king of Lydia was informed of his captivity, and procured his releafe. He lived few years after he had recovered his liberty. As he had no iffue, he left his kingdom and poffeffions to Stefagoras the fon of Cimon, who was his brother by the fame mother. The memory of Miltiades was greatly honoured by the Dolonci, and they regularly celebrated feftivals and exhibited fhows in commemoration of a man to whom they owed their greatness and preservation. MILTIADES, the fon of Cimon, and brother of Stefagoras mentioned in the preceding article, was Miltiades, fome time after the death of the latter, who died without iffue, fent by the Athenians with one ship to take poffeffion of the. Cherfonefus. At his arrival Miltiades appeared mournful, as if lamenting the recent death of his brother. The principal inhabitants of the country visited the new governor to condole with him; but their confidence in his fincerity proved fatal to them. Miltiades feized their perfons, and made himself abfolute in Cherfonefus. To ftrengthen himfelf, he married Hegefipyla, the daughter of Olorus the king of the Thracians. His triumph was fhort. In the third year of his government, his dominions were threatened by an invalion of the Scythian Nɔmades, whom Darius had fome time before irritated by entering their country. He fled before them; but as their hoftilities were of fhort duration, he was foon reftored to his kingdom. Three years after, he left Cherfonefus; and fet fail for Athens, where he was received with great applaufe. He was present at the celebrated battle of MARATHON; in which all the chief officers ceded their power to him, and left the event of the battle to depend upon his fuperior abilities. He obtained an important victory over the more numerous forces of his adverfaries. Some time after, Miltiades was intrufted with a fleet of 70 ships, and ordered to punish those iflands which had revolted to the Perfians. He was fuccefsful at firft; but a fudden report that the Perfian fleet was coming to attack him, changed his operations as he was befieging Paros. He raifed the fiege, and returned to Athens. He was accused of treafon, and particularly of holding correfpondence with the enemy. The falfity of these accufations might have appeared, if Miltiades had been able to come into the affembly. But a wound which he had received before Paros detained him at home; and his enemies, taking advantage of his abfence, became more eager in their accufations, and louder in their clamours. He was condemned to death; but the rigour of his fentence was retracted on the recollection of his great fervices to the Athenians, and he was put into prifon till he had paid a fine of 50 talents to the ftate. His inability to dif charge fo great a fum detained him in confinement ; and his wounds becoming incurable, he died a prifoner about 489 years before the Christian era. His body was ranfomed by his fon Cimon; who was obliged to borrow and pay the 50 talents, to give his father a decent burial. The accufations against Miltiades were probably the more readily believed by his countrymen, when they remembered how he made himfelf abfolute in Cherfonefus; and in condemning the barbarity of the Athenians towards a general, who was the fource of their military profperity, we must remember the jealoufy which ever reigns among a free and independent people, and how watchful they are in defence of the natural rights which they fee wrefted from others by violence. Cornelius Nepos has written the life of Miltiades the fon of Cimon; but his hiftory is incongruous and unintelligible, from his confounding the actions of the fon of Cimon with thofe of the fon of Cypfelus. Greater reliance is to be placed on the narration of Herodotus, whofe veracity is confirmed, and who was indifputably better informed and more capable of giving an account of the |