exposed situation to the annual visits of the Turkish fleet.

Anchored just at night in the little bay of Gallipoli. This is about one hundred miles from Constantinople, and twenty-five from the Dardanelles.

Gallipoli, Sept. 17, 1827.

Went on shore at an early hour to lay in a stock of fresh provisions, although we heard there had been in the place some recent instances of the plague. On landing, we observed twenty or thirty granite pillars, now used for securing boats, or for the support of houses which projected over the water. Near by was one of those granite sarcophagi, so often to be met with in the ruined cities of Asia Minor. Its sides exhibited the common ornament of the ram's head, surrounded by a simple wreath of flowers. There was also a Greek inscription upon it, yet so defaced as to be but imperfectly legible. This "narrow house" of some perhaps forgotten monarch, now answers the purpose of a basin to the public fountain. On a slab of marble near the shore were some Latin words, and we were told of another with a long inscription at no great distance, as well as other ruins of considerable interest. We had only time while the captain was busied in the market place, to make a hasty visit to the citadel. This was a vast pile of rubbish, the work apparently of no very remote period. The eye of one, however, from a country so new as ours, whose most ancient memorials, have scarcely lost the freshness of the quarry, cannot at once look with indifference on the fragments of marble, porphyry, &c. collected from the ruins of earlier times to form the mod

ern structures of almost all the cities of Turkey. The walls of the citadel were chiefly constructed of a common breccia, and sandstone, with imbedded shells. I had before seen the same on both sides of the Hellespont, at Abydos and Sestos, and on enquiry, learned that it was also quarried at a short distance from Gallipoli, Several of the inhabitants with whom we spake, estimated the number of houses at eight thousand. Of these they said a few hundreds were Jewish; a still greater number Armenian; and the remainder Greek and Turkish. As viewed from the citadel, I did not think that in all, there were more than two or three thousand.

Notwithstanding we were told the place was in considerable agitation from rumors of an impending rupture between the Franks and the Turks, we ventured to give away publicly a considerable number of tracts to Greek children. I presented also a copy of St. Luke's gospel, to a well dressed Jew whom we met in the street, together with Hebrew tracts to others of his brethren.

Leaving Gallipoli, we then proceeded slowly down the Hellespont, or Dardanelles. This strait at the two extremities is five miles in width, but in the narrowest parts, scarcely one. Its shores though not destitute of beauty, are less varied and picturesque than those of the Bosphorus. The harbor where the Mahometans first landed in Europe; the mouth of the Egos Potamos; the supposed sites of Sestos and Abydos, with here and there a scattered tumulus like those upon the plains of Troy, passed successively under our view. The important events associated with them in the Turkish, Grecian, Persian and Trojan histories,

kept us employed in conversation until we reached the old castles of the Dardanelles. While the vessel was waiting the visit of the boarding officer, a part of us jumped into the boat and pulled off for the Asiatic town.

Each of our company purchased a dish of calvar, which is a favorite sweet-meat prepared from almonds, sugar, &c. During the Greek fasts, it forms an important addition to their bread and olives. Besides this preparation, for which the town is famous, the manufacture of earthern ware is carried on here to a great extent. Most of the shops in the Strada Marina, are crowded with this ware, which is of a delicate brown color.

I left Hebrew, Greek, and Turco-Greek tracts in the depository which I had established here in January last. All the nations trading with Constantinople or the Black Sea, are obliged to have their consuls at this place. Many circumstances conspire to render it an important missionary station. Its fixed population is greater than that of Beyrout. Thousands of vessels pass to and fro annually from every part of the Mediterranean, the Marmora and Black Seas. Owing to the contrary winds which often prevail for a month at a time, it is no uncommon thing for two or three hundred vessels to be lying here at anchor together. From the three great commercial cities of Turkey, viz. Constantinople, Smyrna, and Salonica, it is about equidistant, and the voyage is usually accomplished in two or three days. It enjoys the protection of foreign consuls of different nations. The high land of the opposite shore of Europe, and the island of Tenedos, would afford healthy places of retirement during the

sickly season. Possessing such advantages for the circulation of the scriptures and tracts; for labors among seamen, and missionary operations generally, we may hope that it will not long remain unoccupied.

After an hour spent in rambling about the town, we hastened on board our vessel, which had not come to an anchor. More than fifty sail of vessels were lying near the castle, waiting for a favorable wind to pass up the straits. This during the summer is quite unfrequent. It has been proposed to have a steam-boat stationed here for the purpose of towing vessels through the narrow and crooked channel. The captain enquired of the visiting officer, if there was convoy to be obtained for Syra. He smiled, and said there was no need of convoy for vessels bound to Hydra. In the estimation of the Turks, that island is regarded as the chief seat of piracy and rebellion.

The castles being past, all hands are now busily employed in preparations to resist the piratical attacks of their brethren without. Our two cannon, with the blunderbusses, muskets, swords, &c. give the deck of the vessel, the appearance of an armory. One of the guns just discharged, sends back a fine echo from the low irregular hills, within which we are still shut up.

We soon glided down to the more interesting part of the Troad. The classical student need not be reminded on what objects the eye most eagerly fastened. Cape Janissary, with its crowd of windmills, he recognizes as the Sigean promontory. The lofty tomb of Esyetes, he discovers at a distance on the plain. For that of Ajax, he searches on the extremity of a range of hills which extends up as far as the castle of the Dardanelles. Two of those usually ascribed to Achilles, Vol. I.

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Patroclus, and Antilochus, he readily makes out. The shallow bay, where the Greek fleet are supposed to have had their station, he fancies has been filled up by the accumulation of sand, and that hence the Rhotean promontory is scarcely distinguishable. For the mouth of the Mender, or Scamander, and the discoloration of the water caused by its muddy stream he will look in vain, if he passed as near as we did to the European shore. We were able to discover that the rocks around the lower castle of the Dardanelles are of the same species of calcareous sandstone, seen above at Abydos, and Gallipoli. One of the islands in the group, around Sigeum, the sailors called Mavarea, and is of a considerable size. As we descend, other tumuli make their appearance upon the Trojan plain, while Ida rises in majesty far in the horizon behind. Imbros backed by Samothrace is seen in the opposite direction, but owing to the haziness of the weather, neither Lemnos nor Mount Athos are visible.

We hail a boat just now (4 o'clock, P. M.) which says that an English vessel has been pirated within the last three or four days, and that the fleet which we see below are all bound up the Dardanelles. Our Captain concludes therefore, to come to anchor near Tenedos.

It is but a year to-day since I sailed from Boston, little expecting that within so short a time, I should twice have passed the Hellespont. We landed a little before sunset, at the only town which there is upon the island of Tenedos. It is on the eastern side, over against the Trojan coast. The number of houses is about four hundred and fifty, Greek and Turkish. It