place questions, with long intervals of silence filled up by pipes and coffee, complete the ceremonies of your reception. The Persian, not only honors you by rising; but, putting you at once into the position of his lord, and assuming the attitude of your slave, he forces you into his own seat, if it happen to be the most honorable." The Persian differs also from the Turk, in his readiness to adinit European innovations. Chairs and tables are used in the houses of some of the rich at Tebriz; several beautiful porcelain tea-sets, of the latest English fashion, were eagerly bought up when our travellers were there; and many shops in the bazar were stocked with a variety of European table furniture.

During the whole of their sojourn at Tebriz, Mrs. Smith and Dwight enjoyed the kind offices of several English gentlemen. Wearied with their journey, and sick as one of them was, the attention of Drs. Mc Neill and Cormick, Maj. Willock, Capt. Campbell, and others, made an impression on their minds, which they hope never to forget. The last named gentleman, then acting envoy, treated them with a hospitality, that could hardly have been exceeded had they been his own brothers. He readily facilitated their proceedings in every thing that depended upon his official capacity; and, what they esteemed not the least of his attentions, "he opened his house for religious services on the Sabbath, and took pains to procure a full attendance.”

At their departure from Tebriz,

Captain Campbell and Major Willock supplied them with recommendatory letters to the chief officers and khans of Oormiah, and other places.

A journey of a few days now brought the travellers to Dilman; and after spending a few days among the Chaldeans and Nestorians on the west shore of the lake of Oormiah, they turned their steps to the north-west, passed through Erzroom to Trebizond; embarked on board an Illyrian ship bearing the Austrian flag; sailed down the Black sea; and reached Constantinople, having been absent "just a year and four days," and travelled by land more than twentyfour hundred miles.

We have perused the Researches with much interest and pleasure. The travellers seem to have been intent on collecting valuable information of every description. The geography, manners, and customs of the countries which they visited, as well as the intellectual, moral and religious condition of the people, were objects, which constantly occupied their attention. In the Turkish, Russian, and Persian dominions, they found the people ignorant, without the means of education, and accustomed to all the immoralities and crimes which usually follow in the train of ignorance. A numerous priesthood, with but a few honorable exceptions, they found scarcely less ignorant, and often more vicious, than the people.-The whole region over which they travelled has for a long time past been desolated and depopulated by wars; and agriculture and commerce have been interrupted.

An introductory article to the Researches," contains a brief History of Armenia. It is an inland country, and extends about four hundred and thirty miles in longitude, and about three hundred in latitude; it has its western boundary not far from six hundred miles east of Constantinople. The noble Euphrates, the Tigris, the rapid, furious Aras (Araxes), and other rivers, have their sources in Armenia. In its most flourishing period, the country was divided into fifteen provinces. "In the centre of them all was the province of Ararad ( Ararat), distinguished for its extent and fertility, and which, from its having been almost invariably the residence of the Armenian court, is uniformly mentioned in the Bible, instead of Armenia itself. " The Armenians are known at the present day, as a scattered race; they are found, "not only in almost every part of Turkey and Persia, but in India, as well as in Russia, Poland, and many other parts of Europe." They are great travellers, and almost every important fair or mart, from Leipsic and London to Bombay and Calcutta is visited by them. The whole number of Armenians has been estimated to be 10,000,000.

While at Tiflis, our travellers made many inquiries concerning the Georgians; they are at present a small nation, supposed not to exceed 600,000 sculs; are divided into three classes, namely, free commoners, nobles, and vassals. They are of the Greek faith, and in their religion differ very little from the Russians, whose emperor is new

their liege lord.-During their early history, the Georgians were frequently molested by the Khazars, the Persians, and the Greeks. In 538 A. C., while groaning under the dominion of Kai-khosrov of Persia, "the Georgians saw with astonishment

a company of Chinese, headed by one of the royal family of that distant empire, burst through the gates of Dariel, and come to their aid. They were received with joy, their arms were victorious, and the prince was presented with the fortress of Orpet, (called also Samshvilde and Orbisi,) on the Khram, which gave name to his family. His descendants, the Orpelians, afterwards distinguished themselves both in Georgian and Armenian history, and now, at Tiflis and elsewhere, they hold their rank among the Georgian nobility, and boast of higher heraldic honors than any of the crowned heads of Europe."

With the Cossacks they had much to do in the course of their journey, and their opinion of them continued to the last to improve. The first Cossack they met, (it was on the morning they entered Erzroom amidst a dense fog,) is thus described.-"In a clear atmosphere, large as he really was, and mounted upon a tall and stately horse, with a spear at least twelve feet long projecting on one side, a rifle slung upon his back on the other, a heavy sword by his side, and a brace of pistols in his girdle, he would have appeared sufficiently formidable; but magnified by the mist to a gigantic size, he seemed almost like Mars himself." The

and order be established. Once, more freedom of intercourse was enjoyed; it will be so again; and a highway will be opened, by which the traveler, leaving the capital of Japan, passing through the gates of Peking, and then touching at Cashgar, Bukharia and Teheran, may without molestation speedily reach Constantinople, Vienna, Berlin, Paris, or London.

The Indo-chinese Gleaner : containing miscellaneous comntunications on the literature, history, philosophy, mythology, &c., of the Indo-chinese nations, drawn chiefly from the native languages. MALACCA; printed at the Anglo-chinese Press.

THE first number of this Quarterly periodical was published in May 1817, under the editorship of the late indefatigable Dr. Milne, and was continued until April 1822. The need of such

a medium of communication was very early felt by those who had undertaken to make themselves and others familiarly acquainted with the character and wants of the people of eastern Asia. Indeed, one of the first, though minor objects contemplated by Dr. Milne and his colleague and predecessor, in establishing the Anglo-chinese college, was the publication of a periodical in the English language. The Gleaner was commenced and continued "under many disadvantages;" still every number was replete with valuable original matter, such as could not fail to be interesting to the philosopher, to the historian, and especially to the Christian philanthropist.

Had the Indo-chinese Gleaner been continued to this day, with its wonted ability and spirit, it would have contained a most valuable collection of information; even as it is, we know of no one work that will compare with it, on most subjects relative to China. We frequently avail ourselves of its aid.-For Dr. Milne's opinion of the value of such periodicals, we must refer our readers to A sketch of the life of Milne,' which appeared in our first volume. See page 321. In the opinion there expressed we fully concur.

A MONTHLY PERIODICAL in the number of this work was pubChinese language. The first

lished in Canton on the 1st instant. An edition of 600 copies was immediately disposed of; but was not sufficient to supply subscribers that had already been obtained; and a second edition of 300 copies has been struck off. Few of the natives, we understand, have as yet become subscribers to the work; many copies of it, however, have fallen into their hands; and, so far as we can learn from personal inquiry and common report, they generally entertain a favorable opinion of it. If it can be continued, as we trust it will be, we have no doubt that the number of subscribers and readers will soon be very much increased. What opposition it may have to contend with, remains to be seen. We shall anxiously watch the progress of this new periodical as it goes forth, in its elegant. costume, to seek new acquaintances and to inform them of what has been and is now exist

ing and transpiring beyond the

Let

the

limits of the celestial empire ; and we shall endeavor faithfully to report its successes, and (if it shall be so) its reverses. it go richly stored with useful knowledge and sciencehandmaids of true religion and we bid it God speed.-We subjoin the original Prospectus. WHILE Civilization is making rapid progress over ignorance and error in almost all other portions of the globe,- -even the bigoted Hindoos having commenced the publication of several periodicals in their own languages, the Chinese aione remain stationary, as they have been for ages past. Notwithstanding our long intercourse with them, they still profess to be first among the nations of the earth, and regard all others as barbarians." This empty conceit has greatly affected the interests of the foreign residents at Canton, and their intercourse with the Chinese.

The monthly periodical which is now offered for the patronage of the foreign community of Canton and Macan, is published with a view to counteract these high and exclusive notions, by making the Chinese acquainted with our arts, sciences, and principles. It will not treat of politics, nor tend to exasperate their minds by harsh language upon any subject. There is a more excellent

way to show that we are not indeed

barbarian" and the Editor p:eto convince the Chinese that they fers the method of exhibiting facts, have still very much to learn. Aware also, of the relation in which foreigners stand to the native authorities, iate their friendship, and hopes ulthe Editor has endeavored to conciltimately to prove successful.

As all the members of the foreign community here have a common interest in the successful prosecution of such a work, the Editor hopes to find among them a sufficient number of subscribers to defray the expenses; the more so, as the Chinese themselves must, at least for some months, be incapable of appreciating a publication of this nature; and consequently little support can be immediately looked for from them.

The subscription will be for six months, being at least one dollar per month, for which sum seven copies will be delivered. The numbers will be issued regularly:-each number will contain upwards of twenty pages, and will be embellished by maps and plates, illustrative of geographical and astronomical subjects, &c. Should the work meet with the support and approbation of the community, it will be considerably extended by mach additional matter. CHARLES GUTZLAFF. Canton, June 23d, 1833

JAVA. A gentleman who has resided in Java has put into our hands the following brief notices of that island and its inhabitants.

Java is without doubt, the most delightful island of the Indian Archipelago. Its fertility and situation render it a possession of very great value. But notwithstanding these advantages, it is deeply to be regretted, that the natives are so fet