Malevolent neutrality: the United States, Great Britain, and the origins of the Spanish Civil War

16 April Alejandro Lerroux Alfonso Alfonso XIII Ambassador American exports American officials anarchist April Atlantic August Azana regime Barcelona Board of Trade bolshevik Bowers Papers Bowers to Hull Britain British and American British officials Castle Charles Howard Smith Chilton Claude Bowers Comintern Communist concession Consul Cordell Hull Cortes CTNE December Department early economic embargo February firms Foreign Office France French FRUS George Grahame Gil Robles Giral regime Grahame to Simon Howard Smith ITT's January July June later Laughlin to Stimson left-wing Lerroux regime London and Washington Madrid March memorandum ment military minute by Stirling minute by Wiggin Moffat Papers Moscow Mounsey multinationals National nonintervention November October policy makers political Popular Front Prime Minister Primo de Rivera rebels reformist right republican Spain revolution revolutionary Rio Tinto Roosevelt Secretary Sir Henry Chilton Socialists Sosthenes Behn Spaniards Spanish Civil Spanish government Spanish Republic tariff tion Undersecretary United Vansittart warned Whitehall Wiley