dering first aid to the injured, and of moving them without aggravating the mischief or causing needless pain. Miners all over the world have reason to be grateful to this excellent Society. Fig. 709 illustrates the "Furley" pattern stretcher, as

FIG. 710.

supplied by the St. John Ambulance Association, together with the "Lowmoor Jacket," by means of which an injured person can safely be placed at any angle. Figs. 710 and 711 represent the "Ashford Litter," a two-wheeled carriage for the conveyance of the injured person along roads. The former shows that the

bearers of the stretcher can pass between the wheels, by stepping over a crank axle, and so avoid lifting the heavy weight over the wheels. At large mines there should be a horse ambulance carriage for the removal of sufferers.

Regular ambulance corps have been established at some mines; probably the largest in the United Kingdom belongs to Colonel Seely's collieries, already notable for the aid given to sports and pastimes. The corps now musters some 400 men, or about one

tenth of the total number of employés; the members wear a neat uniform and are regularly drilled. Many others among the workmen, though not belonging to the corps, have received instruction in the ambulance classes. Incalculable good is done by trained men of this kind, who are ready on the spot to render first aid at any moment to an injured comrade and superintend his removal to a hospital; the excellent example thus set might well be followed in all mining districts.