the erection of one, and not to exceed two, posts in front of each building for the purpose of hitching horses. Every such post so erected shall, if of wood, be not less than four inches in diameter, and not to exceed four feet in height, and placed on a line within the outer edge or curb of the sidewalk.

6. COVERING AND ELEVATION OF AWNINGS.] Rev. Ord. 1866; act. Leg. Feb. 13, 1863. All awnings in such portions of the streets of the city of Chicago as are, or hereafter may be, lighted by public lamps, shall be covered with cloth, leather or other light and pliable substance, and securely attached to the building and properly supported, without post, by iron or other metallic fastenings and supports, and shall be elevated at least eight feet at the lowest part thereof above the top of the sidewalk, and shall not project. over the sidewalk to exceed three-fourths of the width thereof, so as to leave the sidewalk wholly unobstructed thereby, and no such awning shall be erected or repaired, either wholly or in part of wood. All other awnings shall be elevated, in the lowest part thereof, at least eight feet above the top of the sidewalk, and may by supported by a rail placed on posts erected on the outer edge of the sidewalk. Any person who shall erect any awning contrary to the provisions hereof, or refuse or neglect forthwith to remove any awning or awning posts, heretofore or hereafter erected, contrary to the provisions hereof, shall be subject to a penalty of five dollars for every offense, and to a further penalty of five dollars for every day he shall fail to comply with a notice, after a lapse of three days from the service thereof, from the board of public works or board of police to remove the same.

7. SPACE FOR EXHIBITION OF GOODS, ETC. PENALTY.] Rev. Ord. 1866. No clothing, goods, merchandise, wares, signs, boxes, or other article or thing shall be placed in the front of any store, shop, or other place in said city, on or above the sidewalk, or in or upon any alley, so as to occupy more than three feet next to the buildings or premises on such sidewalk or alley, or of the space above the sidewalk or alley; and such articles or things as may be placed on the sidewalk shall not be more than three feet high above the top of the sidewalk, and the articles or things that may be hung out or placed above the sidewalk shall be so placed or hung that the lowest part of such articles or thing shall be at least seven feet and six inches above the top of the sidewalk, and shall not swing more than three feet from the building. No such article or thing shall be permitted to remain on any sidewalk or alley after ten o'clock at night, or on Sunday; nor shall any owner or occupant of any lot or premises lease the space aforesaid, or permit or allow the same to be used or occupied: Provided, that the occupants of buildings on streets where the sidewalks are sixteen feet or more in width, be permitted to occupy five feet next the line of buildings, and on streets where the sidewalks are twelve feet and less than sixteen feet in width, such occupants be permitted to occupy four feet next the line of buildings, at all times, for the display or storage of goods, so placed as to be not more than five feet above the level of the sidewalk. Any person violating the provisions of this section shall suffer a penalty of five dollars for each offense and a like penalty for every forty-eight hours the same shall remain, after being requested to remove the same by any city officer. And provided, further, that all persons who are or may hereafter be licensed by the mayor of said city to peddle fruit,

nuts, cakes, candies, refreshments and bread, may, and they are hereby authorized to, occupy in the carrying on of their said business, so much of the sidewalk adjoining any building or lot as by this chapter of the Revised Ordinances of said city, the occupants of buildings are permitted to occupy for the display or storage of goods: Provided, that the consent of the occupant of such building or lot be first had and obtained by the person desiring to occupy such space. But nothing herein contained shall authorize any person to obstruct any portion of any sidewalk which is used for ordinary travel over the same.

8. OBSTRUCTING, BY DELIVERY OF GOODS-PENALTY.] No person or persons receiving or delivering goods, wares or merchandise in said city, shall place or keep upon, or suffer to be placed or kept upon any side walk in said city, any goods, wares or merchandise which he or they may be receiving or delivering, without leaving a passage way clear upon such sidewalk, where such goods may be of six feet wide, for the use of foot passengers; and no person or persons receiving or delivering such goods shall suffer the same to be or remain on such sidewalk (subject, nevertheless, to the foregoing restrictions), for a longer period than twenty-four hours, and any person or persons violating any of the provisions of this section, shall forfeit and pay to said city a sum of not less than three dollars or more than ten dollars, and shall be subject to a like penalty for each hour the said goods or any part thereof, shall remain, as aforesaid, after notice to remove the same: Provided, that the board of public works is hereby authorized to grant permits to owners of manufacturing establishments, to occupy the outer edge of the sidewalk and space over the gutter fronting their premises, for the placing thereon such articles and things as may be necessary in their business: Provided, there shall always be a space of at least eight feet wide left free and clear along the centre of such sidewalk, and that such permit shall terminate absolutely upon notice from the board of public works or common council.

9. AUCTIONS, ETC. PROHIBITED-PENALTY.] Any person or persons, whether licensed as an auctioneer or not, who shall sell or attempt to sell, or shall cry for sale, at public auction in the city of Chicago, any goods, chattels, or personal property whatever to any person or persons, upon the sidewalks or streets within the said city, so as to collect a crowd of people upon the said sidewalks and streets, whereby the free passage thereof of any person or persons is prevented or hindered, shall be deemed guilty of a nuisance and of obstructing the said sidewalks or streets and shall be severally subject to a fine of ten dollars.

10. HITCHING HORSES-PENALTY.] No person shall at any time fasten any horse or horses, in such a way that the horse, vehicle, reins or lines shall be an obstacle to the free use of the sidewalk, under a penalty of one dollar for each offense, and the person in whose possession or use such horse or horses shall then be shall be deemed the offender, unless he can prove the contrary to the satisfaction of the magistrate before whom he shall be prosecuted.

11. HITCHING RINGS-PENALTY.] Rev. Ord. 1866; Ord. July 20, 1871. It shall be the duty of the owners of each building, in front of which any sidewalk is now or shall hereafter be constructed, to provide and securely fasten in such sidewalk, one iron ring, of not less than two inches

in diameter, and one quarter of an inch in thickness, at some one point, or, erect a suitable post for hitching in every twenty-five feet of such sidewalk Every person who shall wilfully violate or neglect to comply with the provisions of this section, shall be liable to a fine of not less than two, nor more than ten dollars.

12. DRIVING ON SIDEWALKS-PENALTY.] No person or persons shall push or draw back any horse, wagon, cart, or other vehicle, over any sidewalk, or use, ride, or drive any horse, wagon, sled or sleigh thereon unless it be in crossing the same to go into a yard or lot, where no other suitable crossing or means of access is provided, under the penalty of not less than one dollar, nor more than ten dollars, for each offense.

13. OBSTRUCTION OF SIDEWALKS BY VEHICLES-PENALTY.] All crosswalks in the city shall be kept reserved free from any sleighs, wagons, carts, or carriages, or horses, or other animals, being placed or suffered to stand thereon, except so far as may be necessary in crossing the same; and the owner or driver of any sleigh, wagon, cart or other carriage, or horse, or other animal, offending herein shall forfeit and pay a penalty of three dollars. 14. REMOVAL OF SNOW AND ICE-PENALTY.] The occupant or owner, or if there be no occupant, of each and every tenement, building or lot, in the city of Chicago, fronting upon any street the sidewalk of which shall be of plank, stone, or brick, shall clear the sidewalk in front of such tenement, building or lot of snow and ice, by nine o'clock of the forenoon of each day, and keep the same clear of such snow and ice, under a penalty of two dollars for a failure so to do, and the like penalty of two dollars for every twelve hours such sidewalk shall remain encumbered with snow or ice, after notice thereof to such occupant or owner from or by any officer of said city.

15. REMOVAL OF OBSTRUCTIONS ON SIDEWALKS-PENALTY.] The board of public works is authorized to cause any obstruction, encroachment, article or thing which may be in violation of the provisions of this chapter to be removed within a reasonable time after notice served upon the owner, agent or person in possession of the premises where such violation occurs, or in case the owner, agent or person in possession cannot be found, then by posting such notice upon the premises or sidewalk in front thereof, and the owner, agent or party causing such violation shall pay all expenses and costs of such removal in addition to the penalties aforesaid. And any person who shall wrongfully interfere with such removal, shall suffer a penalty of not less than ten dollars nor more than one hundred dollars, and may be imprisoned in the house of correction not exceeding thirty days, in the discretion of the court or magistrate before whom such person may be convicted.

16. CURBSTONES TO BE BACKED WHEN PLACED.] Where any streets are filled to the established grade, or filled to a grade requiring curbstone to be set on the line of sidewalk, it shall be the duty of the board of public works or person in charge of such filling to deposit sufficient earth or other material on the sidewalk of such streets to back up and permanently hold the curbstone; and they may use and obstruct the sidewalks to any extent necessary for that purpose. And where any street or portion of street shall be raised to the grade established by the common council, and curbed, or area walls constructed on the curb line of such street or portion of street, the report,

order or resolution, directing such improvement, shall be deemed to embrace and include the raising of the sidewalk to such established grade, whether expressed in such report, order or resolution, or not.

1. LICENSE WHO MAY GRANT, AND WHO RECEIVE-CONDITIONSPENALTY.] Rev. Ord. 1866. The mayor is hereby authorized to grant license for the sale of spirituous, vinous and fermented liquors to any person who shall apply therefor to him in writing, upon such person executing to the city of Chicago a bond, with at least two sureties to be approved by the mayor, in the penal sum of five hundred dollars, conditioned that the party so licensed shall faithfully observe and keep all ordinances heretofore passed or to be passed during the period of such license, and that he will not keep open his bar or place for the sale of such liquors, nor sell, give away or in any manner deal in, by himself, servant or any other person, any spirituous, vinous or mixed, fermented or intoxicating liquors upon Sunday; and that he will prohibit all gaming, with or without betting, by means of any cards, dominoes, dice or other articles of luck or chance; and paying for the use of the city fifty-two dollars and no other fees. On compliance with these requirements, a license shall be issued to the applicant under the corporate seal, signed by the mayor and countersigned by the clerk, which shall authorize the person or persons therein named to sell, barter, give away and deliver wines and other liquors, whether vinous, ardent or fermented, in quantities less than one gallon, in the place designated in the application: Provided, all licenses issued in pursuance hereof shall expire on the first day of July in each year.

2. LICENSE, WHEN TRANSFERABLE.] No license shall be transferable without the permission of the mayor of said city. The clerk shall keep a license register, in which shall be entered the name of the person or persons licensed, the place of business, the date of the license, and the time the same shall expire. The license shall be dated as of the day of application. No person shall be deemed to be duly licensed to whom a license has not been actually issued or transferred as aforesaid.

3. REVOCATION OF LICENSE-POSTING-PENALTY.] Any license so granted may be revoked upon written notice by the mayor, whenever it shall

appear to his satisfaction that the party so licensed shall have violated any provision of any ordinance of the common council relating to spirituous liquors, or any condition of the bond aforesaid. Any and all persons licensed under this chapter or any ordinance of the city for the sale of liquors, shall immediately cause to be and remain posted upon some conspicuous part of the room or bar kept or used for such purpose, his or their license. Any person so licensed, who shall not cause such license to be and remain posted as aforesaid, or who, not being so licensed, shall cause or permit any paper or document purporting to be a license to be or remain posted as aforesaid, shall, on conviction, be fined in a sum not exceeding twenty dollars.

4. UNLICENSED SALE-PENALTY.] Any person who shall hereafter have or keep any tavern, grocery, ordinary, victualing or other house or place within the city, for the selling, giving away, or in any manner dealing in any vinous, spirituous, ardent, intoxicating or fermented liquors, in quantities less than one gallon; or who, by himself, his agent or servant, shall sell, give away, or in any manner deal in any vinous, spirituous, ardent or fermented liquors, in less quantities than one gallon, without a license for that purpose in pursuance hereof, shall, upon conviction thereof, be subject to a fine of not less than ten dollars nor more than one hundred dollars: Provided, that druggists or persons whose chief business is to sell drugs and medicines, shall not be deemed to be within the provisions hereof, in selling quantities less than as aforesaid, for purposes purely medical, mechanical or sacramental; and in all cases of conviction under this chapter, the court or magistrate shall have power, in its or his discretion, to sentence the offender to imprisonment in the house of correction for a period not exceeding two months, in addition to the penalty.

5. WHEN SALE OF, IS UNLAWFUL-PENALTY.] That whenever the wife, or any other relative or friend of any person, by notice in writing personally served, shall make a request to any liquor dealer not to sell, or in any manner give away liquor to such person, it shall thereafter be unlawful for such liquor dealer to sell or give away any liquor to such person. Any person violating the provisions of this section shall be fined in a sum of not less than ten dollars, nor more than fifty dollars, for each and every offense.

6. SALE OF LIQUORS, ETC., TO MINORS-PENALTY.] Ord. Feb. 11, 1870. All saloons, groceries, rooms or places, where minors are permitted to drink intoxicating drinks of any kind, or game or play with dice, dominoes, cards, balls or other articles used in gaming, unless the parent or guardian of such minor shall be present at the time of such drinking, gaming or playing, and not object thereto, are hereby declared disorderly houses. Every proprietor or keeper of such saloon, grocery or place where such drinking, gaming or playing shall take place, as aforesaid, shall, for the first offense of keeping disorderly house aforesaid, be subjected to a fine of not exceeding fifty dollars, and for the second offense shall pay a fine of not exceeding one hundred dollars and his license shall forthwith be revoked, and he shall be prohibited from afterward obtaining any license for such purpose in this city.