shall be faithful and obedient to St Peter and to the holy Church of Rome, and to my lord the pope and his successors canonically entering, I shall not be of council or consent, that they shall lose either life or member, or shall be taken or suffer any violence or any wrong by any means. Their counsel to me credited by them, their messengers or letters, I shall not willingly discover to any person. The Popedom of Rome, the rules of the holy fathers, and the regalities of St. Peter, I shall help to retain, and defend against all men. The legate of the see apostolic going and coming I shall honorably entreat. The rights, honors, privileges, authorities of Rome, and of the pope and his successors, I shall cause to be conserved, defended, augmented, and promoted. I shall not be in council, treaty or any act, in which anything shall be imagined against him, or the Church of Rome, their rights, states, honors, or powers, and if I know of any such to be moved or compassed, I shall resist it to my power, and as soon as I can, I shall advertise him or such as may give him knowledge. The rules of the holy fathers, the decrees, ordinances, sentences, dispositions, reservations, provisions, and commandments, apostolic, to my power I shall keep and cause to be kept of others, heretics, schismatics, and rebels to our holy father and his successors, I shall resist and persecute to my power. I shall come to the synod when I am called, except I be letted by a canonical impediment. The lights of the apostles on this side the Alps, I shall visit personally or by my deputy once a year, and those beyond the Alps once every two years, unless I am therefrom absolved by an apostolic dispensation. I shall not alien or sell the possessions belonging to my archbishopric, nor give nor mortgage, nor infeof any of them afresh, or any way alien them without the popes counsel.

So God me help and the holy evangelists."

Foxe, Bk VIII p. 534 (Ed 1838); Prynne's Lordly Prelacy p. 100.

Oath of Allegience to the King, 1534 26 Hen. VIIIc. 2.

"Ye shall swear to bear faith, truth and obedience alonely to the king's majesty, and to his heirs of his body of his most dear and entirely beloved lawful wife Queen Anne, begotten and to be begotten, and further to the heirs of our said sovereign lord according to the limitation in the statute made for surety of his succession in the crown of this realm, (Act of Succession, 25 Hen VIIIc.22) mentioned and contained, and not to any other within this realm, nor foreign authority or potentate: and in case any oath be made, or has been

made, by you, to any person or persons, that then ye are to repute the same as vain and annihilate; and that to your cunning, wit, and uttermost of your power,without guile, fraud, or other undue means, you shall observe, keep, maintain, and defend the said act of Succession, and all the whole effects and contents thereof, and all other Acts and statutes made in confirmation, or for the execution of the same or of anything therein contained; and this ye shall do against all manner of persons, of what estate, dignity, degree, or condition soever they be, and in no wise do or attempt, directly or indirectly, anything or things privily or apartly, to the let, hindrance, damage, or derogation thereof, or of any part of the same by any manner of means, or for any manner of pretence; So help you God, all saints, and the Holy Evangelist."

Stat. of the Realm III, 492; Gee and Hardy 245.

III. SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY.

1. REFERENCE BOOKS.

(a) General.-Lowe and Pulling. Dict. of English History. 1884.

Cassell.

Comprehensive and useful.

Stubb's Constitutional History of England. 3v. Macmillan $7.80. Of the highest authority.

Green's "History of English People." 4v. 1882. Harpers. $10.

Standard, well-written, excellent bibliographical notes.

Traill's "Social England." 4v. 1893–6. Putnam's. $14.
Comprehensive and modern but unequal in value.

For Ecclesiastical history.-Makower the Const. Hist. and Const. of the Church of England. 1895. Macmillan.

The best commentary on the constitutional history of the church.

Fuller's Church History, edited by J. S. Brewer. 6v. 1845.

Fantastic in style, liberal in tone, contains considerable documentary evidence.

Collier's Ecclesiastical History. Edited by T. Lathbury. 9v. 1852. Anglican in tone and uncritical, but comprehensive and supplemented by original docu

ments.

Hook's "Lives of the Archbishops of Canterbury." 12V. 1868. Bently.

A detailed, critical and interesting series of biographies.

(b) Special Peiods.—(1) Anglo Saxon. Freeman's Norman Conquest. 6v. 1870. Macmillan. $27.

Standard but biased by an imperialistic interpretation of the period.

Green's "Making of England." 1882. Harpers. $2.50.

Highly interesting and valuable.

(2) Anglo Norman. Freeman's "Norman Conquest," and "William Rufus." 2v. 1882. Macmillan. $8.

Norgate's "England under the Angevin Kings." 2v. 1887. Macmillan. $8.

An interesting and detailed narrative, important for the foreign relations of England.

(3) Late Mediaeval. Ramsay's "Houses of Lancaster and York." 2v. 1892. Macmillan.

An accurate and detailed narrative based on laborious research.

Wylie's "History of England under Henry IV." 3v. 1884-96. Longmans. $13.50.

Drawn from new sources, encyclopedic, antiquarian, poorly written.

Froude's "History of England." 12v. 1862. Scribner's. $18.

Graphic but inaccurate and, with regard to the history of Henry VIII, unjudicial and unreliable.

2. ORIGINAL MATERIALS,

(a) General.-Gee and Hardy, "Documents Illustrative of English Church History." 1896. Macmillan. $2.60.

A well edited manual, especially valuable for the history of the 16th and 17th centuries. Haddan and Stubbs, "Councils." 3v. 1869-71. Macmillan. $14. Based upon Wilkins and Spelman which it far excels in critical accuracy, and supersedes for the period to 870.

Phillimore, R., "The Ecclesiastical Law of the Church of England." 2v. London. 1873-6.

Prynne's Records. 3v. 1666-70. London.

A detailed narrative fully illustrated by documents in vindication of the royal supremacy during the years 1100-1307

Calendar of Papal Registers. By W. H. Bliss. 2v. Rolls. 1893-5. Contains summaries of papal letters from 1198-1342.

Surtees Society's publications. 1834, seq. (see Hardy I, 893).`

Contains valuable materials for the church history of the northern counties of England.

Epistolae Cantuariensis.

Edited by W. Stubbs. Rolls. 1865.

Illustrates well the relations between the regular and secular clergy between 1187 and 1199.

Histories.-Bede's Ecclesiastical History, translated by Dr. Giles Bohn, 1859.

The source of almost all our information for the period 597 to 731.

Eadmer's Historia Novorum.

Edited by M. Rule. Rolls. 1884.

The highest authority for the period of Lanfranc and Anselm, and the history of the controversy over investitures to 1134.

Ordericus Vitalis, Ecclesiastical History. 5v. Paris. 1838-55. Translated by T. Forester. 4v. Bohn. 1853.

Valuable for the period from 1066 to 1141.

Giraldus Cambrensis.

Edited by J. S. Brewer and J. F. Dimock.

4v. Rolls. 1861-77. Translated by T. Forester. Bohn. 1863.

An exaggerated picture of ecclesiastical life during the 12th century.

(b) Special Subjects. (1) Biography.-Le Neve's Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae, edited by T. D. Hardy. 3v. London. 1854.

A calendar of the principal dignitaries in England and Wales to 1715, with biographical data of first importance.

William of Malmesbury's de gestis Pontificum Anglorum, edited by N. Hamilton. Rolls. 1870.

Of greatest value.

A history of English bishops and monasteries from 597 to 1122. The Historians of the Church of York and its Archbishops, edited by J. Raine. 3v. Rolls. 1879-94.

The Tripartite Life of S. Patrick, edited by W. Stokes. 2v. Rolls 1887. Memorials of S. Dunstan, edited by W. Stubbs. Rolls 1874.

With the exception of the Anglo-Saxon chronicles, almost the only contemporary authority. Materials for the History of Thomas Becket, edited by J. C. Robertson. 7v. Rolls. 1875-85.

Comprehends all the important contemporary evidence outside of the chronicles.

(2) Monasticism.-Dugdale's Monasticon, edited by Caley, Bandniel, and Ellis. 6v. 1817-30.

"The standard work of reference for the history of English and Welsh monastic foundations from their first institution to their dissolution." Mullinger.

Historia Monasterii S. Augustinii Cantuariensis, edited by C. Hardwick. Rolls. 1858.

Extends from 597 to 1191.

Chronicon Monasterii de Abingdon, edited by J. Stevenson. 2V. Rolls. 1858.

History of a Benedictine Monastery from 675 to 1189.

Monumenta Franciscana, edited by J. S. Brewer. 2v. Roll. 1858. Contains the earliest and almost the only contemporary accounts of the Franciscans in England.

Chronica Monasterii de Melsa, edited by E. A. Bond. 3V. Rolls. 1866-8.

History of a Cistercian Monastery from 1150 to 1417.

Chronica Monasterii S. Albani, Edited by H. T. Riley. 11v. Rolls. 1863-76.

Volumes 8 and 9 contain the Annals relative to the years 1421-4c, and the Chronicon relative to the years 1422-31; volume 10 the Registrum for the years 1452-61.

Memorials of S. Edmund's Abbey, edited by T. Arnold. 2v. Rolls. 1890-2.

Unparalleled except by the S. Alban's records for completeness, from Alfred to the
Reformation.

Letters relating to the dissolution of the monasteries. Edited by T.
Wright, C. S., 1843.

(3) Episcopacy.-Litterae Cantuariensis, edited by J. B. Sheppard. 3v. Rolls. 1887-9.

Valuable for the history of the Metropolitical Church of Canterbury from 1213 to 1513. Register of S. Osmund, edited by W. Jones. 2v. Rolls. 1883.

Contains the oldest copy of the Consuetudinary or "Use of Sarum," and shows the development of a cathedral of secular canons.