the general scramble for place, and its honors and profits, they should not be surprised if muscle triumphed over mind.

And this result has been hastened in the United States by the culpable indifference to passing events which are shaping the future life of the nation, of the misnamed conservative classes of the people, whose devotion to the accumulation of money-truly when government springs from the people, the "mammon of unrighteousness"-and the inglorious ease and selfish indulgences which come of it, has been so deadening that it seems as if they would not awaken to the fact that they have an interest in the political condition of the country, and should participate in a jealous supervision and control of its government, until it may be too late to avoid their virtual if not absolute disfranchisement.

Not only do the festering elements of political and social disorganization, at work among the uninformed native population, and even better educated fanatics, yet slaves of passion, prejudice, and impulse, require it, but the onward flood of rabid republicanism from abroad, the foreign refuse radicalism, long pent up and once set free, submissive to no restraints of reason, acknowledging no deference for constitutional obligations, imperiously demands of the more enlightened, reflective, and discreet citizens, the exercise of those conservative duties necessary to hold in check the spirit of destructivism seeking to set aside the precepts of the wise and the inculcations of history. And if the duty shall not be fulfilled, the United States will probably soon learn, that by urging too far the doctrine of popular sovereignty, by pushing to excess a single principle irrespective of correlative duties, however true in itself, and however valuable its wise application, conclusions may follow which will amount to the overthrow of the principle itself, and thus tyranny be made to trample on popular rights.

Once more in the periods of time the experiment of democratic government is being tried. We of America must bear our individual share of responsibility connected with it, and withhold neither action nor testimony bearing on the question. However mortifying then the confession, it must under the obligations of truth and candor be made, that it has been my mis

fortune to have presented constantly recurring proofs of national degeneracy, in the low state of morals, manners, and capacity of American officials abroad; and unless the causes leading to this and other like evils, coming of a flagrant system of political levelling, and disregard of undeniable distinctions and the inculcations of duty and wisdom, shall be reformed, the page of history will probably soon record another decline and fall of a a great nation.

CHAPTER XXXIV.

VOYAGE TO HILO, ULUPALAKUA, HALEAKALA, MOLOKINI, AND KAHOOLAWE-INTERINSULAR CHANNEL-ISLAND OF HAWAII-KAWAIHAI-HAWAIIANS ORIGINATED THEIR OWN RELIGIOUS REFORMATION-FAILURE OF FOREIGN MISSIONARIES IN DIRECTING IT-BOLD SEASHORE OF HAMAKUA-WAIAKEA BAY-HARBOR AND TOWN OF HILO-MAUNA KEA -MAUNA LOA.

THE rosy dawn of an unclouded summer morning revealed the steamer Kilauea at anchor in the roadstead of Lahaina, awaiting passengers for Hilo and intermediate ports. Going aboard at 8 a. M., but few cabin passengers were found, all foreigners, except two, who were Hawaiians of noble rank. The deck-load of natives was numerous, perhaps two hundred, from infancy to premature decrepitude; the former not in the usual proportion to adult age, as observed on other occasions, for the connubial relation is less fruitful than before the advent of civilization, and the latter has not given the natives the knowledge and the means of care of offspring.

Partial observers say that the fewness of children is owing to the use of abortives, and to improper violence in aid of accouchement. If these practices were of native origin, like effects should have sprung from like causes, and these islands would have been depopulated long since; and if of modern introduction, it becomes a rational and just inquiry before indulging in. harsh censure, how far may the teachings of strong-minded women of our day, and of itinerant lecturers to ladies exclusively, on the laws of life and reproduction, and their regulation, have been deemed worthy of propagation among the heathen, with the other articles of faith and practice taught by zealous disciples of the school of progress? It will scarcely be admitted by any one who has witnessed the rapid revolutions

of the "hub of the universe" and its radiating spokes, that Hawaii has travelled faster than New England. The schoolmaster is proclaimed to be abroad, and the schoolmistress, too, and it is boastfully asked who furnishes them? None will deny "By their works ye shall know them." Anatomy is no longer a mystery; the hand of maiden modesty, forgetful of the primal law, lifts the veil of its nakedness, that by the familiar use of virtue it may become fashioned into nature itself. Alas! for the purity of virtue taught in the school of a model artist. Physiological law, too, has become common law, so that physicians, still clinging to the ancient ethics of their profession, are often made to blush from indignant shame, at questions repugnant alike to delicacy and morals; and yet, with the possession of forbidden knowledge, America shows no sign of becoming childless.

The above charges against the Hawaiians, as a nation, I have the authority of many fair-minded foreign residents for saying are slanders, whatever individual exceptions, as in the case of others, may have occurred to give color to them. There are other causes in operation to produce barrenness, diminish births, and hurry prematurely to the grave those who are born, about which intelligent resident physicians agree. The most common among these is that scourge of lust, to which the islanders were strangers until introduced among them by the pioneers of civilization, as if to clear a path for the readier ingress of another race; and which, in their ignorance of remedies, cursed them, and has continued to curse their children's children to the present generation, sapping the foundations of health, poisoning the fountains of procreation, and interrupting its processes if begun. Along with this may be mentioned, as destructive of infantile life, the prevalence of epidemics formerly unknown in the islands, or of which there are no traditions; a growing disregard of the preservative instincts of race, under a conviction of increasing national degradation and subjection to foreign impositions; and a want of suitable hygienic and strictly medical provision, against the ravages of diseases brought to their shores by others, and of which they have no knowledge. Hence it is unjust to cast upon these hapless peo

ple reproaches, due rather to the self-righteous intruders among them, always prone to "behold the mote in their brother's eye, but consider not the beam in their own."

Our deck-passenger companions of voyage are natives, and the majority of these are loafers, who having realized a dollar-the unvarying fare, for such freight-by the sale of pig or poultry which has grown to their hand without the labor of production, spend it in the habitual luxury of idleness, or of passive motion, calculating upon unbought fish and poi enough to preserve animal existence, when landed at the end of their money's worth of travel. These are literally deck-passengers, and have none of the comforts or conveniences furnished for such on the California steamers. The deck is their bench, board, and bed; on it they sit, eat, and sleep. Small is the spot allotted to those who pay the cabin fare of eight dollars from Lahaina to Hilo, certainly not large enough to "turn your partner." Calabashes of food and water, with a miscellaneous mixture of humanity, a few flashily bedizzened with ribbons and bugles, others prouder of natural charms, monopolized the remainder of the deck so entirely that the hand-rail was the bridge of transit fore and aft.

Coasting along the southern shore of the island of Maui we soon passed from under the lee of the western highlands, and across the mouth of the watery inlet that nearly divides the low hour-glass contraction of the middle of the island,.which unites the smaller west district to the larger, known as East Maui. As the mariner hugs the southern shore of East Maui, he again finds the mountains shutting off the northeast trade-wind, and placing him, when without the aid of steam, at the mercy of calms, currents, and swells. And here, if weather-bound, the impoverished looking little village of Ulupalakua will receive him, off which the steamer stops to land passengers destined for that neighborhood and for the remarkable volcanic mountain Haleakala-house of the sun-seen rising behind and above the village to the height of ten thousand two hundred feet; its extinct crater having a circumference of nearly thirty-five miles, holding within its concavity of two thousand seven hundred feet depth, cones of scoriæ from five hundred to six hundred feet