Economic Analysis before Adam Smith: Hesiod to Lessius

according Adam Smith Aristotle Aristotle's Athenian Athens Augustine Baba Metzia Bernardino of Siena Buridan buyer Cajetan canon canon law capital century cessans Chapter Christian city-state commodity conception concerning considered contract cost currency currency debasement determination discussion doctrine economic activity economic analysis economic enquiry economic thought economists emphasis established example exchange gain given Gratian Greek growth Hesiod household human individual involved issues J. T. Noonan Jewish Joseph Schumpeter justice labour later lender Leon Walras Lessius lucrum cessans Luis Molina market price measure medieval merchants Mishnah modern Molina monetary money loans morality natural Navarrus Nider organisation ownership particular persons philosophers Plato political possession problem production profit reasoning relationships relevant role Roman law Roover scarcity scholastic schoolmen seller significance social society Socratic St Bernardine St Thomas Summa theologica theologians theory of value things tradition transactions usury utility value of money writes