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LONDON, SATURDAY, JULY 10, 1909.

CONTENTS.-No. 289.

NOTES:-Oxford Parliamentary Leaders in the Civil War,
21-Thomas Love Peacock's Plays, 22-'D.N.B. Epitome,
24-Eton: Barnard, Head Master-Executioner's Block-
"Disgate":"Dischauce"- "Burgator"- The Eel-Pie
Shop, 26-"Chops of the Channel"-Stocks in use Fifty

Years Ago, 27.

QUERIES:-" 'Purpose," Alleged Name of a Dance -
Thackeray Queries - Bibliography of Theses
"Com-
postela," 27"I had three sisters"-John Hus before the
Council of Constance-"Mineria marra,' Motto "Cala
rag whethow," Motto-Spelling-Leaden Figures-"Hen
and Chickens" Sign-Welsh Judges-The Acorn and the
Gabriel-Abbots of Evesham, 28-L. H., Artist, 1793-
Squire Draper and his Daughter-Capt. R. J. Gordon and
African Association-Col. Pestall -T. Ripley and Richard
Holt-God of Architecture-Sotby and Bleasby Manors,
Lincs, 29-Sponges-Vintners' Company-Harvest Supper
Songs, 30.

REPLIES: "Murkattos": "Capaps," 30-Mechanical
Road Carriages: Timothy Barstall-"Pot-gallery"
William the Conqueror and Barking, 31-Oliver Crom-
well's Head-The Storm Ship, 32-The Crucified Thieves
Star,' 1789 Logan Braes Thackeray: Roundabout
Papers, 33-Dean Meredith-William Guild-St. Peter's
at Rome, 34-Railway Travelling Reminiscences-Emen
dations in English Books - Woman Burnt for Poisoning,
Sir T. Browne: Anne Townshend, 36-Black Davies-Dr.
Johnson's Watch-H. Emblin and Theodosius Keen, 37-
An Excursion to Jersey-Malherbe's Stances à Du
Perrier'-Miss La Roche-Major Roderick Mackenzie-
Capt. T. Boys-Mountain Bower-"Seven and nine," 38.
NOTES ON BOOKS-Folk-lore concerning Lincolnshire
Roman Life and Manners-Reviews and Magazines-

35-Sir Lewis Pollard-Peninsulas-"Hackbut bent"

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by Charles I. in 1642, passed two years at the same College and achieved a degree. Sir John Maynard, the judge, was also a graduate of Exeter, and founded two lectureships therein. Henry Rolle, the judge, was of Exeter; and Thomas Chaloner the regicide, who gave a silver "eard pot to the College. Sir John Robartes, Bt., second Baron Robartes and first Earl of Radnor, entered Exeter as a fellow-commoner, where, accord"evil principles ing to Wood, he "sucked in both as to Church and State. He held the rank of Field-Marshal in Essex's army, contributed to the Epithalamia,' a volume of poems of 1625 (the year he entered Exeter); and left 'the hangings and traverse to it" in his study to the Rector of his College on going down from Oxford. Philip, fourth Baron Wharton, and his brother Sir Thomas Wharton were at Exeter together. Lord Wharton, whose beautiful portrait by Van Dyck belongs to the Emperor of Russia, gave a silver-gilt bowl and cover to his College-Sir Thomas presenting a silver "eard pot. Sir Anthony Ashley Cooper, Bt., first Baron Ashley and first Earl of Shaftesbury, the celebrated statesman, intriguer, and Lord High Chancellor, was a gentleman-commoner of Exeter. He has told us how he took a leading part in the schools, coursing with other Exonians against Christ Church. This coursing was in older times, I believe, intended for a fair trial of learning and skill in logic, metaphysics, and school divinity but by Cooper's time it had degenerated into OXFORD PARLIAMENTARY LEADERS little better than a free fight. He also was IN THE CIVIL WAR. instrumental in causing that "ill custom of THE elder University has been frequently tucking freshmen to be discontinued ; eulogized for her loyalty to the unfortunate and in preventing the senior Fellows from house of Stewart. Within her grey walls altering the beer of the College, which for some four years Charles I. established was stronger than other Colleges." He his head-quarters when at war with his people; gave a silver tankard to Exeter. Shafteshither he summoned his phantom Parlia- bury's uncle by marriage Edward Tooker ment in opposition to the powerful and and his cousins John and Giles Tooker uncompromising Long Parliament at West- were of the same College. His younger minster; and here, in later days, John Wesley brother, George Cooper, was a contemdeclared that should a man walk abroad in porary there of the last of these in 1642. the town, he would be treading upon the skulls of dead Jacobites.

'L' Intermédiaire.' Notices to Correspondents.

Notes.

But, as is well known, many leading men of the popular party had received their early education at the knees of our venerable Alma Mater. Sir John Eliot-"lion Eliot, that grand Englishman "-spent three years at Exeter College; and, although he did not take a degree, there is evidence that he by no means neglected his studies. William Strode, one of the famous five members of the House of Commons impeached

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Magdalen College, "the very nursery of Puritans," claims John Hampden as a son. Thirty-three years after his matriculation, among the plate lent to the King one piece was probably that described as cantharus ex dono Ioannis Hamden Buckinghamiensis, 1610." This is one of life's little ironies; for, like the greater part of the Oxford plate of the period, Hampden's gift was doubtless converted-by way of the meltingpot-into current coin on behalf of the royal cause. George Wither, the Puritan poet,

The prominent Puritan divines bred at Magdalen Hall include Philip Nye, the Independent; Henry Hurst, a sometime Magdalen chorister, ejected from St. Matthew's, Friday Street, under the Act of Uniformity; Nathaniel Hardy, who conformed and became Dean of Rochester; and Thomas Horne, the Presbyterian Head Master of Eton. One of the sons of the last named, William Horne-an under master at his old school and Fellow of King's-became the first Etonian and married Head Master of Harrow. Some years ago Mr. R. Townsend Papers a letter of July, 1682, referring to Harrow School under Horne, in which the writer stated that the number of boys was generaly abought six score; but in ye town their are maney bording houses." A. R. BAYLEY.

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was of the same house; so were William as a moderate Parliamentarian, suffered Russell, fifth Earl and first Duke of Bedford; from the tender mercies of both parties. Sir Anthony Morgan, the soldier, who, migrating from the neighbouring Hall, was son of a Magdalen Fellow and Principal of Alban Hall; and Arthur Goodwin, friend and colleague of Hampden, with whom as an undergraduate he contributed Latin verses to the College collection on the death of Henry, Prince of Wales, entitled 'Luctus Posthumus.' Magdalen Hall had grown up under the shadow of the College through the gradual settlement of those who, while free to profit by the instruction of the Grammar Master, were not themselves members of the founder's Grammar Warner discovered among the Verney School. In process of time the Grammar Hall had largely usurped the premises of the School, and had become a recognized University institution. The cuckoo's nest -Wood calls it a "nest of Precisians had thriven marvellously under the protection of the lilies of Magdalen. Dr. John Wilkinson, who as Fellow of Magdalen had been tutor to Prince Henry, during his long tenure of the Principalship (which lasted until the beginning of the war) had made the Hall the chief seminary and stronghold of the Puritans in Oxford. He was after- in 1866 contain no allusion to his three wards President of the College, and was succeeded at the Hall by his nephew Henry Wilkinson, "Dean Harry, who was also Whyte's Professor of Moral Philosophy. Another Henry Wilkinson, Long Harry,' also of the Hall and Canon of Christ Church, was, like his namesake, one of the Parliamentary Visitors to the University and Margaret Professor of Divinity.

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Among other alumni of this Hall were Sir Harry Vane the younger (his father was of Brasenose), who, characteristically, discovered after a brief sojourn that he could not take the oaths required of him, and left without matriculation; Sir Matthew Hale, Chief Justice, and in 1659 M.P. for his University; Sir William Waller, the famous general, nicknamed by his admirers "William the Conqueror"; Robert Hammond, the soldier, who as Governor of the Isle of Wight became the unwilling gaoler of Charles I. at Carisbrooke Castle; John Lisle, regicide, and one of Cromwell's House of Peers, who was assassinated at Lausanne after the Restoration, leaving his widow Alice to be the victim of a famous judicial murder by Lord Jeffreys; Edward Leigh, miscellaneous writer, lay theologian, soldier, and member of Parliament; and Sir Ralph Verney, Bt.-son of Sir Edmund Verney, the royal standard-bearer at Edgehill-who,

THOMAS

(To be continued.)

LOVE PEACOCK'S PLAYS. THE different editions of T. L. Peacock's works which have appeared since his death

unpublished plays, and a diligent search for references to them has produced only one mention of their existence. This is a cursory notice of a few lines contained in Sir Henry Cole's Biographical Notes of T. L. Peacock,' of which ten copies were printed about 1875, and privately circulated. This neglect is very strange, since examination shows that they are most interesting and highly characteristic of their author. They are to be found in the Manuscript Department of the British Museum, in vol. 36.816-this being the second volume of The Literary Remains of Thomas Love Peacock,' which were purchased by the Trustees of the Museum of Mrs. Edith Clarke in 1903. In all three instances they are holographic. The handwriting is easily legible, presenting an agreeable contrast in this respect to most documents from Peacock's pen.

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Included in 'The Literary Remains are also a list of the dramatis personæ of a tragedy called 'Otho' and the opening scene of a play entitled 'Virginia.' ALthough these have, like the others, remained unnoticed and unmentioned, the idea of Peacock being a playwright in addition to a novelist and poet should not come altogether as a surprise, for Mrs. Clarke states in the 'Biographical Notice' of her

grandfather that while he was on board the Venerable in 1808 plays were acted for which he wrote prologues. We know further that he wrote a prologue and epilogue for Tobin's comedy of The Guardians, which was performed eight years later. These were both included in Cole's 1875 edition. In later years, moreover, he wrote the critiques of the opera for The Globe, and subsequently for The Examiner during the time that Fonblanquea former friend of both Shelley and himself was editor and proprietor. Mrs. Clarke states, too, that he seldom failed to take his seat at the opera, and gives a list of the singers, actors, and dancers in whom he took the greatest delight. Finally, he shows a liking for the stage in his novels, and has given an able and clear description of Greek drama and comedy in the Hora Dramatica' which he contributed to Fraser's Magazine in 1852 and

1857.

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place to bring together his motley group of individuals bent on ventilating their weird opinions on nearly every conceivable subject, and gratifying their whims, crotchets, and fads in nearly every possible direction. The same shafts of ridicule, too, as in the tales, aimed at anything and everything, are to be found here, pointed with the same dry humour and caustic wit. In one particular there is a distinct improvement. The personages are sketched with skill, and are not portrayed merely for the object of giving utterance to certain views. We have more action and far less criticism. The incidents in this play, as in the others-unlike those in the novels, where they are few and simple--are many and complicated, so that no attempt will be made here to narrate them in full. Mention can only be made of the love episode running through it, including the elopement of the hero with the wrong girl at the end of the first act, and his marriage to the right one at the conclusion of the second; and of the wild Irishman O'Prompt, who contributes so much to the merriment by locking up some of the guests in a closet, breaking the fiddler's instrument to pieces, demolishing the painter's canvas, and bothering the Dilettante rehearsing Hamlet till he is completely out of his senses.

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The first play-a prose farce consisting of two acts and ten scenes-is named The Dilettanti.' It occupies folios 46-101, these being written on one side only. The paper was made in 1803, but the play was probably put together considerably later. The style points to this conclusion, while certain references to contemporary events and personages support such a conjecture. Angelica Catalani, for instance, is mentioned in the same The second play-a poetical drama in breath with Raphael, Michael Angelo, &c., blank verse, of two acts and nine scenesand it was not until 1806 that she came is called The Circle of Loda.' It covers to London to make a great reputation in this folios 102-27, these being written on both country, where she remained until 1814. sides. The paper used was made in 1801, The play has many points of similarity to but, although an examination of the play the first tale by its author, Headlong Hall,' has produced little evidence to show when which was originally published in 1816. it was written, the composition can be safely An example may be given. Both the play ascribed to any period from five to twenty and the novel have a violinist and a painter, years later. În 1801 Peacock was only who in each case quarrel as to the relative sixteen years of age, and the maturity of the merits and demerits of their accomplish-style precludes the possibility of the drama. ments. In particular, Chromatic with his Cremona in The Dilettanti' continually recalls the character with the same name in the novel, whose one delight is also his fiddle. Indeed, the characteristics not only of the first, but of all the Peacockian novels are present in this farce. The dramatis personæ all have suggestive names-Tactic, Metaphor, Shadow, and the like in the same manner as the sporting parsons in the tales are designated Drs. Gaster and Portpipe, a shaky stockjobbing firm Messrs. Catchflat & Co., or a churchwarden and parish clerk Messrs. Bluenose and Appletwig respectively. Further, the scene is laid at a country house, which suggested itself so often to Peacock's mind as the best

dating from that early period. The subjectmatter is either derived from some traditional source, which the writer has been unable to trace, or owes its inception to the imagination of the author. It recalls to some extent Peacock's legendary romances, Maid Marian' and 'The Misfortunes of Elphin,' and, on the whole, has little in common with his other work. Absence of plot and deficiency in character-sketching are not noticeable. Throughout Peacock has infused interest into the development of events. Of these the principal-around which everything revolves-is the struggle of Hidalvar between two women-Mengala and Rindane: he leaves the former, his wedded wife, and seeks with the latter other

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