Abbildungen der Seite
PDF
EPUB

Coleman of Tottenham. Part vi. p. 90 also
refers to a deed of 1612 relating to land in
Hoxton in the occupation of Edmond
Shorediche and others.

I have frequently noticed the name in the Calendars of the P.C.C.

CHAS. HALL CROUCH.

ARMS OF MARRIED WOMEN: MARSHALLING OF INSIGNIA OF ORDERS (10 S. x. 429; xi. 296).—The use of two shields where the husband is knight of an order is probably not much older than Edmondson's book (1780). In the 1724 edition of Guillim there is no allusion to it. In a short treatise on heraldry appended to The British Compendium, or Rudiments of Honour,' 1723, I find it suggested, on the authority of Sandford, that in the case of Knights of the Garter, if the shield shows the wife's arms impaled, the Garter should not surround, as usual, the whole shield, but only the husband's dexter half (see p. 539) : The husband may give the equal share of the Escutcheon and hereditary Honour, yet cannot share his temporary order of Knighthood with her."

66

According to Edmondson, the second shield bore the lady's arms alone. In this he was followed by Hugh Clark, whose manual was first published in 1810. A nineteenth edition was issued so late as 1891, edited by J. R. Planché, the well-known member of the Heralds' College, and gives the same rule. Boutell, however, says the second shield should bear the conjoint arms of husband and wife. Mr. FoxDavies, whose 'Art of Heraldry' (1905) is the most recent and comprehensive work on the subject, says the same. Their view seems more in accordance with the general principle that a married lady, unless a peeress, cannot bear a shield (or lozenge), but can only show her arms on her husband's shield or the second of his two shields. MR. UDAL would infer that if she has an order, she, by parity of reasoning, may bear a separate shield with her own arms only, surrounded by the insignia of her order, and that this shield, or perhaps lozenge, may even precede the shield showing the conjoint arms.

I see no parity of reasoning between the case of a peeress and a lady with a merely personal distinction; even the peeress is not entitled to precedence for her lozenge. It is borne after the husband's shield, or the two shields if he is a knight. Again, there are no insignia to surround her shield. Neither the Victoria and Albert Order nor the Crown of India has a collar, nor can they |

have a circlet, for the knight's circlet with motto is derived from the roundel of his star and badge.

Married ladies who are not peeresses in their own right or peeresses married to commoners cannot display their badges on a lozenge during their husbands' lifetime. As a matter of practice I find Mr. FoxDavies at p. 317 gives the arms of the Marquis of Dufferin. There the dexter shield shows his collars and badges; the sinister, in a laurel wreath with his wife's arms impaled, shows her badges. But at p. 380 we find the arms of Sir Richard Strachey, with the two shields accolé. There the second shield does not show the badge of the Crown of India, to which Lady Strachey was entitled. The arms of the Duke and Duchess of Fife (p. 115) show the V.A. badge on the second shield, but not on the lozenge. These both bear her arms alone, royal arms not being impaled by an inferior in rank. The royal achievement (pl. xxvi.) shows the Queen's badges both on her shield and her lozenge.

Mr. G.W. Eve in his Decorative Heraldry' says the practice varies. Probably it does artistically, if not according to strict rule. J. W. MUIR.

Moorlynch, Bournemouth.

SNEEZING SUPERSTITION (10 S. xi. 7, 117, 173). In this part there prevails an old saying which tells us: "One sneeze betokens somebody spiting you; three sneezes mean somebody praising you; two sneezes signify you are being loved by some one unknown; but four sneezes point out that you have just caught a deadly cold." Compare with this the following :—

"In Horman's Vulgaria,' 1519, we read: 'Two or three neses be holsom; one is a shrewd token.' Howell records a proverb: He has sneezed thrice; turn him out of the hospital.""-Hazlitt, 'Faiths and Folk-lore,' 1905, vol. ii. p. 554.

In his Kiyû Shôran,' written c. 1800, ed. Tokyo, 1882, tom. viii. fol. 11, Kitamura Shinsetsu argues that both the Japanese and the Chinese primordially regarded sneezing as a sign that some one is affectionately calling the sneezer to mind; but the people of India found in it an evil prognostic even as early as in the Buddha's lifetime. That later the Chinese viewed sneezing as sometimes auspicious, sometimes ominous, is to be gathered from the Bibliography of the Han Dynasty' (the dynasty continued from 202 B.C. to 7 A.D.), wherein mention is made of the sixteen Books of Fortunetelling from Sneezing, Tingling in the Ear, &c.,' all now lost. The Ti-king-king-wuh

lio,' 1635, says that one is sure to have a disease should he happen to sneeze in bed very early on New Year's morning, and instantly to spring out of bed is the only preventive.

[ocr errors]

HAMLET AS A CHRISTIAN NAME (10 S. vii. 4, 155, 237, 329, 418, 436). Since contributing my former reply on this subject (viii. 156) I have met with two other London references to the name which may be deemed worthy of mention in these pages. Both are contemporary with Shakespeare.

My earliest reference is of date 1571, and refers to a workman who figures in a bill for bricklaying operations then performed for the parish of SS. Anne and Agnes. This man bore the singularly femininesounding name of Hamleta Deane (not "Hamlet-à-Deane," apparently, as might be supposed).

My second reference is from a VicarGeneral's faculty of 1608 referring to the parish church of St. Sepulchre, the curate whereof was then named Hamlett Marshall.

WILLIAM MCMURRAY.

Further, quoting a poem from an anthology compiled in 905 A.D., Kitamura proves that the Japanese about that period used to put off starting on a journey when one happened to hear even a neighbour sneeze. This reminds us of the Tongans, who hold a sneeze on the setting out of an expedition a most evil presage (Mariner, ap. Tylor, Primitive Culture,' 3rd American ed., vol. i. p. 99); and of the various indigenous tribes of Formosa, who stop a while, or alter their direction, or even desist from the enterprise, whenever sneezing occurs on their march in hunting, &c. (Y. Inô, 'Sneezing Superstitions of the Formosan Aborigines," The Journal of the Anthropological Society of Tokyo, No. 270, p. 465, Sept., 1908). HEALEN PENNY (10 S. xi. 507).-This According to Sei Shônagon (fl. c. 1000 A.D.), a was probably "healing gold," i.e., gold given Court lady celebrated for her wit, the by the King collectively, in the ceremony Japanese of her time believed sneezing early of touching for the evil. The individual on New Year's morning to be an unfailing coin with a hole in it for suspending round indication of longevity, which is diametrically the neck would no doubt be known as a opposed to the Chinese opinion mentioned healing penny (see Pegge's 'Anecdotes of above. In the fourteenth and subsequent Old Times,' iii. 163). centuries it became an established custom Halliwell-Phillipps alludes to "Privy-purse with the Japanese nurse to utter "" Kusame every time the child she was suckling Warrant dated 17 Nov., 1683, in his own healing gold, 5007.," mentioned in a Treasury sneezed, calling this act to harmonize possession (Archaic Words '). the noses "the word Kusame being apparently a contraction of a charm, Kusoku mammei!" ("Rest in peace for a myriad generations!") Also, every child of high birth had its protecting sword adorned with the so-called nose-cord," a blue cord, about thirteen inches long, in which a knot had to be quietly tied by the attendant on every occasion of its sneezing -evidently to avoid disturbing the little one by the noises of harmonizing the noses. Even nowadays Japan does not entirely lack old-fashioned folks who, after every sternutation, pronounce the formula Toku Manzai !" ("Live a myriad years!")

[ocr errors]

Tanabe, Kii, Japan.

[ocr errors]

66

[ocr errors]
[ocr errors]
[ocr errors]

KUMAGUSU MINAKATA.

[blocks in formation]

J. HOLDEN MACMICHAEL.
MICHAE

MR. PETER may like to compare his items with the following note from the churchwardens' accounts of St. Michael's, Worcester, transcribed by Mr. Richard Murray, but not yet printed :

about the healing, the K Heill, and the Arch1684.-Feb. 16.......for the King's proclamation bishop's directions about the feast of St. Mathias.”

In the churchwardens' accounts of the parish of Northfield, Worcestershire, which have been very instructively edited by Mr. Frank S. Pearson (see Transactions of Birmingham Archeological Society for 1908, vol. xxxiv.), there occurs the item :1683.-"Paid to the Parriter about the King's Evill, 18. 7d." E. LEGA-WEEKES.

CLARIONETT AS A SURNAME (10 S. xi. 487). -One William Clargenet was a Yorkshire Catholic priest in prison in 1588 (Cath. Rec. Soc. v. 155, 157, 161), and banished in 1606 (Challoner's Missionary Priests,' ii. 29). I suppose this is the same name. JOHN B. WAINEWRIGHT.

Miscellaneous.

NOTES ON BOOKS, &c.

Recollections of a Long Life. By Lord Broughton (John Cam Hobhouse). With Additional Extracts from his Private Diaries. Edited by his Daughter, Lady Dorchester. 2 vols. With Portraits. (John Murray.)

A NOTE BY THE PUBLISHER' begins this book, explaining that Lord Broughton printed in the sixties, but did not publish, his 'Recollections of a Long Life,' in five volumes, and that he also left a large number of diaries and MSS., as well as various published volumes, of which the 'Letters from Paris during the Last Reign of Napoleon (1816) is the best known. Lady Dorchester, Mr. Murray explains, "taking the early part of the five volumes as a basis, has, with much labour, consideration, and research, incorporated therewith portions of the Diaries and a few extracts from the abovenamed published works. These various sources are indicated throughout, and it is hoped that the Reminiscences as they now stand may prove of value and interest to the public."

The two resultant volumes are certainly the most interesting contribution to history and biography that we have seen this year, and the Preface by Lord Rosebery sufficiently indicates what sort of man Hobhouse was-a hero-worshipper who was strongly attracted by two great men, Byron and Napoleon.

But one interesting question raised by the account of Hobhouse in the " Dictionary of National Biography' is not settled here. His Diaries, Correspondence and Memoranda, &c.,' deposited in the British Museum, were, it is said, first opened, in accordance with the bequest, in 1900. Have these latest sources been used or not? Perhaps they are to be utilized for a further volume, as those before us go down only to 1822. As for the editing, paragraphs headed Book' interposed in matter from diaries do not explain in many cases what book of Hobhouse's is meant; there is some repetition of facts-e.g., concerning Erskine-which might have been avoided; and the notes on persons, accurate as far as they go, might well have been improved by an expert student of the period.

There is a great deal of detail included concerning politics and ministers whose actions have been discussed in many books of memoirs. We should have been inclined to reduce the volumes by large omissions of such matter, though there are interesting glimpses of men like Fox and Sheridan not attainable elsewhere.

We are willing to read some dull pages for the sake of the many striking things which the volumes contain. Hobhouse had a keen ear for other people's notable sayings, and his frankness concerning his own merits and position is decidedly entertaining. As Lord Rosebery points out, he invented the "His Majesty's Opposition"; he lived " phrase busy, strenuous life"; and he never lacked enterprise and courage when the interests of his friends and constituents were at stake.

a

The daily papers have already given much of the appreciation of famous men which these wellprinted volumes offer, but we propose to mention for one reason or another a few notable comments or passages which have struck us in the course of a careful reading.

In his early years, Hobhouse was sent to a school at Bristol, which, he adds, "became the residence of men afterwards much celebrated-I allude to Coleridge, and Southey, and Lamb." Surely the last name involves an error. Was Elia ever resident at Bristol, or any of the Lamb family which gave the world of politics and politeness Lord Melbourne?

Many references to Byron show enthusiasm, and it was not confined to his chief worshipper, the diarist of these pages. In 1810 under March 11 is recorded :—

"Mrs. Werry actually cut off a lock of Byron's hair on parting from him to-day, and shed a good many tears. Pretty well for fifty-six years at least." In 1812 Hobhouse met a son of Bozzy, James Boswell, who agreed that "Ellenborough was like Johnson in his way of poking out his sentences at the corner of his forehead," a picturesque, but rather odd expression.

There is much criticism of Sheridan, whose jests and stories do not seem to us very exhilarating. Here is an oddity, however, which is at least ben trovato:

"Mr. Sheridan told us of Mr. Richard Cavendish, who had a trick of swinging his arm round when talking, that, walking up Bond Street with a friend, he found, on stopping, that he had drawn seven hackney coaches to him."

Sheridan also heard Burke say of the North American Indians, "They enjoy the highest boon of Heaven, supreme and perpetual indolence."

The second volume opens with 1816. Hobhouse travels with Byron and others. At Malines W. said that a piece of sculpture was "nullæ magnæ At Chamouni Byron defaced with quassationes." great care Shelley's addition to his own name, in a Greek. He thought to do Shelley a service by this, travellers' book, of atheist and philanthropist in and his action was distorted by literary gossipers. A visit to Madame de Staël introduced Bonstetten, an inmate of her house. He was in vigorous old age, and proud of his earlier connexion with Gray, We find the comment:

"He said to Polidori and Lord Byron: 'I believe that Gray had been killed by Johnson's criticism that is, by a criticism which recorded his death!"

This is not clear to us. It seems probable that Bonstetten meant that Gray's reputation as a poet. had been killed by Johnson's unfavourable criticism in the Lives of the Poets,' which, Boswell tells us, raised a clamour. Bonstetten, it may be noted, is "6 not talking described on this same page as English, but apparently understanding it." So Hobhouse may have misunderstood what he said. In 1819 Hobhouse was committed to Newgate by the House of Commons for writing a pamphlet which was a libel and a breach of privilege, and in 1820 he took his seat in the House, and "continued member of that assembly, with the exception of a year and a quarter, for thirty years.

a

[ocr errors]

Of classical quotation in the House we read :"When I first came into Parliament Latin quotations were very common, and Horace especially was most unmercifully brought into play. A very respectable county member actually hazarded the justum et tenacem propositi virum, and no one even smiled, much less laughed. Such small erudition would now be received with shouts of laughter. Of course, with dexterity, a well-known phrase may be introduced, but even this requires more than

common prudence. Lord Chatham began one of
his sentences, Your Lordships have all read
Thucydides,' and then proceeded to quote in a
translation the passage he wanted.
doubt whether Lord Chatham himself had ever
I much
read the original historian; but the House of Lords
seldom laughs."

Hobhouse himself shows ample signs of that knowledge of the classics which used to be the hallmark of a gentleman.

Pages 191 to 366 are occupied with a long account of the separation of Lord and Lady Byron, a subject we do not care to reopen.

We have left to the reader the large store of remarks and criticism concerning Napoleon. All is of high interest, but the warning should be added that Hobhouse's authorities have been sifted, and in some cases discredited, by modern scientific research concerning the hero of Elba, the Hundred Days, and St. Helena.

The volumes are printed in admirable type. There are a few oddities in spelling here and there which may be purposely retained. Giuic du Christianisme" by Chateaubriand (ii. 28) seems certainly wrong. Reproductions of four portraits are given; and there is a good index.

The Faerie Queen. By Edmund Spenser. 2 vols. (Cambridge University Press.)

No poem has better right to fine apparel than 'The Faerie Queen': a luxurious page is apt to encourage that dignified and leisurely state of mind in which great epics and romances can be best enjoyed; the sumptuousness of the two volumes prepared by the Cambridge University Press implies, therefore, a sound appreciation of their contents. Assuredly all parsimonious thoughts have been banished from the minds of the publishers, nor is it money only that has been lavished on the fine quartos before The editing appears to be excellent, which is more than can be said for many of the reprints that have come from the same press. The first six books follow the 1596 quarto, the fragment of the seventh is from the 1609 folio; in both cases the texts have been scrupulously respected, though misprints have been corrected with judicious zeal.

us.

The present reviewer has but two objections to raise in the first place, the volumes are ponderous; had the work been divided into four or even six slim quartos it would certainly have been more manageable, and therefore, we believe, more acceptable; in the second place, the reviewer must vent a long-standing grievance against the types selected by the University Press. In this case it is too black and heavy, and tends to diminish the spacious aspect of the page; the conformation of the letters is somewhat archaic, yet lacks the lineal beauty of Elizabethan print; while, occasionally, we seem to detect the faint influence of Kelmscott extravagances: the foot margins should have been wider In fact, both in printing and form the work leaves room for improvement, and might have been bettered had the editors paid closer attention to the beautiful, though double-columned edition of

1679.

Nevertheless, those who propose to read or reread 'The Faerie Queen' may be advised to provide themselves with these handsome, yet workmanlike volumes. Only they must provide themselves with some sort of book-rest also, for Spenser is essentially a poet to be perused from a comfortable chair.

The Inns of Court. Painted by Gordon Home. Described by Cecil Headlam. (A. & C. Black.) THE illustrations are presumably the chief reason Home has done justice to a fascinating subject, for the publication of this volume. Mr. Gordon though he sometimes invests ancient buildings with since ceased to wear, and places them under a a spick-and-span appearance that they have long Venetian rather than a London sky. He is parMiddle Temple Hall; and by judiciously choosing ticularly happy with his interiors, notably that of the hour of twilight he has even treated the hideous library of that Inn with the touch of romance.

Mr. Gordon Home's paintings in an altogether Mr. Cecil Headlam's letterpress does not help out satisfactory manner. It lays claim to no originality of material, and a meagre list of authorities fails to include "The Lives of the Norths,' the book that gives by far the most vivid idea of the Bar after the Restoration. Still, Mr. Headlam's text would have served its purpose, if only it had been purged of sundry errors. Thus, though there are more ways than one of spelling the name of the Duchess of Portsmouth, the favourite of Charles II.. she was certainly not "Louise Renée de Perrincourt de Queronaille." Lord Mansfield's house, which the Gordon rioters sacked, was in Bloomsbury Square, not in Lincoln's Inn Fields; and in 1870, Lord cellor. The account of the Inns of Chancery is Hatherley, not Lord Westbury, was Lord Chanscrappy and incomplete. Mr. Headlam omits any mention of a certain "mad Shallow with Clement's Inn, and of Mr. William Weir, whose throat "they cut from ear to ear," in the few lines he devotes to Lyon's Inn. Of that dingy establishment we read, not a little to our surprise, that it disappeared improvements." As a matter of fact Lyon's Inn "in the course of the recent Strand Theatre rose on part of the site. was demolished early in the sixties, and the Globe

[ocr errors]

in connexion

Notices to Correspondents.

We must call special attention to the following notices:

and address of the sender, not necessarily for pubON all communications must be written the name lication, but as a guarantee of good faith.

Editorial communications should be addressed to "The Editor of Notes and Queries'"-Advertisements and Business Letters to lishers" at the Office, Bream's Buildings, Chancery "The PubLane, E.C.

spondents must observe the following rules. Let To secure insertion of communications correslip of paper, with the signature of the writer and each note, query, or reply be written on a separate such address as he wishes to appear. When answering queries, or making notes with regard to previous put in parentheses, immediately after the exact entries in the paper, contributors are requested to heading, the series, volume, and page or pages to queries are requested to head the second comwhich they refer. Correspondents who repeat munication "Duplicate."

5 S. iii. 246; 6 S. i. 414; ii. 49, 116; 7 S. vi. 427; J. A. GREENWOOD ("Ram Jam Inn").-See vii. 92, 243.

NOW READY.

Crown 4to, with 8 Illustrations, 10s. 6d. net.

NOTES BY THE WAY.

WITH

MEMOIRS OF

JOSEPH KNIGHT, F.S.A.,

DRAMATIC CRITIC,

AND

EDITOR OF

NOTES AND QUERIES,

1883-1907,

AND

THE REV. JOSEPH WOODFALL EBSWORTH, F.S.A.

BY

JOHN COLLINS FRANCIS,

Author of John Francis and The Athenæum.'

JOSEPH KNIGHT.

His father and mother-His education-His first poem-"King of the College"-Joins Edward Hewitt in founding a Mechanics' Institute in Leeds-Gives a lecture before the Leeds Philosophical and Literary Society on The Fairies of English Poetry'-The Leeds Wits-Friendships for W. E. Forster and the Marquis of Ripon-Dr. Reynolds minister at East Parade Chapel and his friendship for the Knights-Knight's marriage-Leaves for London-Feels capable of either editing The Times or commanding the Channel Fleet-Writes for Literary Gazette under John Morley-Succeeds J. A. Heraud as dramatic critic of The Atheneum-His views of Fechter and Irving-Knight originates Banquet to the Comédie Française-Reviews the French Academy's Dictionary in The Athenæum-Also Hypnerotomachia Poliphili'-Writes obituary notice of Philip James Bailey-His sonnet 'Love's Martyrdom-Becomes Editor of Notes and Queries-Writes article on its jubilee, also on death of Queen Victoria-Dramatic critic of The Daily Graphic and of The Globe-Death of William TerrissMafeking night-Jeu d'esprit on the Radical defeat in 1895 in St. James's Gazette, The Bannerman's Lament-List of his contributions to the Dictionary of National Biography-Writes Life of Rossetti-Writes article on Cyrano de Bergerac for The Fortnightly Review-M. Coquelin-His "Sylvanus Urban "papers in The Gentleman's Magazine-His friendship for the publisher Mr. Andrew Chatto-Writes in The Idler on the Laureateship-Sunday evenings with the Marstons-Tom Purnell-Knight's friendship for Ebsworth-Dramatic profession give him a dinner-His sorrow at the death of F. G. Stephens-His death-Funeral at Highgate Cemetery-Tributes to his memory.

[ocr errors]

T. FISHER UNWIN: London, Adelphi Terrace; Leipsic, Inselstrasse 20.

« ZurückWeiter »