elsewhere.

on the subject?

MARY DUNHAM.

Can any give me information is mentioned. Was this in Blenheim House,
and was it built by Vanburgh? Or was it
a later addition? Do any plans exist which
show us this theatre, and does the theatre
itself still exist? Can plans or photographs
be obtained?
E. R.
"MOT "A FAIR.-This is a Somersetshire
expression. What is its origin? Is
it found anywhere else?
E. L.
FUNERAL CHARGE: A BAG FOR BONES."

Smith College Library, Northampton, Massachusetts. KEATS'S EPITAPH.-I am much interested to know the origin of Keats's epitaph: Here lies one whose name was writ in water. My friend, Harrison S. Morris, Esq., of Philadelphia, formerly editor of Lippincott's Magazine, discovered a phrase in one of the Some twenty years ago I saw on the wall Beaumont and Fletcher plays, which would of a Church in Stirling a graduated list of seem to have been in Keats's mind during charge for funerals, shewing what items his illness, but I have just come across an were included in each charge. In one of American edition of Charles Phillips' these occurred an item which has long volume, 'Curran and His Contemporaries puzzled me. It was, "including bag for (New York: Harper and Bros., 1851), in bones." Whose bones ? Clearly not those which I find the following passage. Speak of the body to be buried. I have asked ing of Daniel O'Connell, Phillips says: several Scotsmen for an explanation, but have never received a satisfactory answer. What is the solution of the problem?

Where is now that name which every hill, and vale, and glen in Ireland so often echoed to a population's voice? Who ever hears of it? Was it not written in water? Oblivion has become, as it were, a national compact: Who put in popularity their trust But write in water, and but limn the dust. I should be glad to learn the source of this couplet and shall be glad of any information on the subject.

ROBERT UNDERWOOD JOHNSON. SEVENTEENTH CENTURY IRISH MS. MEMORIAL.-Is there in any library in England a copy of a MS. in Trinity College, Dublin, entitled Advertisements for Ireland'? The

MS. is not dated, but can be proved from

tc

AWDREY PECK.
MARY OF MODENA.-Dr. Doran in his book
Monarchs retired from Business' (Vol. i,
Beatrice of
P. 141), writing of Mary
Modena, James II's queen, says of her as
young Wilfred Wycliffe sang in his song
near Barnard Tower,

Fair Queen I will not blame thee now.
What is the allusion, and whence does the
line conie?
C. A. O.

Street, 1829, 8vo. pp. 193. I am informed that there is another volume in private hands at Modbury, Devon, entitled Flowers of the Desert,' London: Whittaker; Modbury: G. Daw (printer), 1829, 8vo. pp. 104.

W. D. WALKE. A biographical note is requested on W. D. Walke, a minor poet of the early nineteenth century. One volume internal evidence to have been written in of his verse is in the British Museum 1623 or 1624. Although the name of the Library, Raphael, a Poem,' London: pubauthor is not stated, it appears lished by Crew and Spencer, 27, Lamb's Conhave been written by a gentleman O1 duit Street, and T. Denham, 189, Regent the Pale, resident in England. It is a long document, in the form of a recommendation to the Privy Council of various measures which should be taken in Ireland to increase the revenue and to put an end to certain official abuses, containing an extremely interesting and well-informed account of the condition of Ireland, directing particular attention to the confiscated lands, to trade and commerce, to the Army and to Ecclesiastical affairs. Can any reader throw any light on the authorship of this document? GEORGE O'BRIEN. THEATRE AT BLENHEIM.-In A Treatise on Theatres,' by Mr. George Saunders, published in 1790, a small theatre at Blenheim

M.

PAPER MARKS.-Is there any book on this subject? Years ago I wrote two articles in The Antiquary, and then could obtain no

book on the subject.

Finchampstead, Berks.

E. E. COPE.

MILLS ON THE WANDLE.- Wanted, a list of these, and dates when started, and when removed. What parish is this river in? E. E. COPE...

Finchampstead, Berks.

the

nor

nor to

THE MONKEY TREE.-Why is the monkey- be tough nor bruttell; it ought not to be swet tree (Arquez ria imbricatus) so called? Is it branches look like monkeys' tails, a monkey finds it (if he does) a to climb? The latter appears

because

or because difficult tree

to be the more likely explanation, because

the tree is also known as the monkey-puzzle.
A. S. E. ACKERMANN.
"HAMMICK, 11 PALL MALL."-This name
and address is engraved on the reverse of a
bottle ring and label (Moriles Sherry).
should be obliged by any reader informing
I
me who Hammick was, and the date he was
in Pall Mall.

C. J. P.

"HARD CHEESE IN THE FIFTEENTH CENTURY. Does "hard cheese," when used by writers in the fifteenth century, mean cheese gone dry and hard?-or a skim milk old cheese, hard because of its poorness?-or simply a pressed cheese? In John Russell's 'Boke of Nurture' we read:

(1) After meat, pears, nuts, strawberries, whinberries and 'hardcheese."

(2) In the evening don't take cow's cream, strawberries or junket unless you eat hard cheese with them.

(3) Milk, cream, junket, etc., are binding, eat hard cheese after them.

(4) For food that sets your teeth on edge eat almonds and cheese.

In The Boke of Keruynge' (1413) we find it noted as part of the Butler and Pantler's duties:

Also loke ye have in all seasons butter, chese, apples, peres, nottes, plommes, grapes, dates, fygges and raysyns, compost gréne gynger and chardequy'rice. Serue plommes, damesons, chiryes, and grapes, after fastynge butter, mete peres, nottes, strawberyés, hurtelberyes and hard chese.

his 6

At a later date, 1542, Andrew Boorde, in Dyetary,' notes five sorts of cheese:"Gréne Chese,' (3) Harde Chese," (4)

(1)

(2)

66

Softe Chese,"
Spermyse,"

A chese the which is made with curdes and with the juce of herbes; to tell the nature of it, I can not consyderynge that euery mylkewyfe maye put many iuces of herbes of sondry operacyon and vertue, one not agreynge with another.

(5)

Rewene Chese,"

The whiche, yf it be well orderyd, doth passe all other cheses, none excesse taken. Further on in the Dyetary Chese that is good, oughte not to be harde we are told: mor to softe, but betwyxt both; it shuld not

fresshe; it must be of good sauour and taledge
sowre, nor tarte, nor to salt,
nor full of iyes, nor mytes, nor magottes.
To the above may be added a

from Muffett :

-

quotation

I shall be obliged for any reference which cheese," between the fourteenth and sixdescribes the type of cheese termed teenth centuries. hard R. HEDGER WALLACE. THE GOLDSMITH CLUB. This was Literary Club; was in existence presumably in London, about 1870. Its founder and first president was John Francis Waller. Is anything known of it? C. B. P. OLD RHYMES: AUTHOR AND DATE WANTED :-Can or suggest date and author? anyone complete the following rhymes for me, game is it of Tudor origin? Does it refer to The first is a the suitors of Lady Jane Grey?

bowing to another who receives them. One of 1. Three girls take hands and advance, the three says:

Here come three knights all out of Spain
A-courting of your daughter Jane;
to which the reply is:

My daughter Jane, she is so young
She can't abide your flattering tongue.

6

George Gill Mounsey: "The Highlanders in 1738 and 1741. In the Biographical crossed the Esk at Longtown, an hundred men Anecdotes of William Hogarth,' by John abreast the river was swollen, and took them

became a

nearly breast high. There were at once two Nichols (and George Steevens), 3rd ed., 1785, hundred of them in the river, and nothing p. 30, a Sapphic ode of "Mr. Loveling's" of them was to be seen but their heads and is quoted, and we are informed that "this shoulders. Holding one another by the neck gentleman was educated at Winchester of the coat, they stemmed the force of the School, stream, and lost not a man in the passage. commoner of Trinity The moment they reached the opposite side, College, Oxford, was ordained deacon, livel the pipes struck up and they danced reels till gaily, and died young." A footnote mentions they were dry again." that"in the collections of Loveling's Poems, This is the origin of the song, The 1741, are two by Gilbert [mentioned above as Hundred Pipers,' and like that of Bonnie T. Gilbert, a fellow of Peter House, CamDundee,' the air is a good example of the bridge]. Loveling also addressed a poem, not martial element as applied to Scottish songs. printed in his works, 'Gilberto suo,' and in NOVA SCOTIA. Gilbert's Poems, published 1747, is 'A ANCIENT BOOK COLLECTORS (12 S. xi. 369). familiar Epistle to my friend Ben Love-Vespasiano da Bisticci (1421-1498), the ling"."

son

last of the scribes and first of modern book- The only Loveling whom this fits is sellers, was concerned in furnishing the Benjamin Loveling, of the Rev. Laurentian and Vatican Libraries. He Benjamin Loveling, of Banbury, who was spent fourteen years in forming a fine library baptised on July 17, 1711, left Winchester in for the Duke of Urbino. All the volumes 1727, was a commoner of Trinity College, were perfect, all were bound in crimson and Oxford, and matriculated on July 13, 1728. silver, and all " were written with the pen,’ See Winchester Long Rolls, 1723-1812,' by for, says Vespasiano, the Duke would have C. W. Holgate, T. H. Kirby's Winchester been ashamed to possess a printed book. The Scholars,' 1888, etc. EDWARD BENSLY. Library of Urbino was transferred to the Vatican in the seventeenth century (vide Sandys, Classical Scholarship,' Vol. ii, pp. 95-96).

H. MAYNARD SMITH.

SUPERSTITIONS CONCERNING SALT (12 S. 1. 431, 477; xi. 14, 36, 94, 175, 196, 217).—On salt as a magic remedy against evil influences your correspondents will find ample inform8, College Green, Gloucester. ation (as on almost every item of folk-lore. PRIVATE THEATRES IN ENGLAND (12 S. Scandinavian and international) in Dr. H. xi. 329, 372). The family of Delaval F. Feilberg's Ordbog over Jyske Almuesof Seaton Delaval, Nurthumberland, main- maal' in v. Salt.' See also Saltet; Tro og tained a private theatre at Seaton Overtro,' by S. Eitrem, in Festskrift, til Delaval Hall throughout the 18th century. H. F. Feilberg, Köbenhavn, 1911, p. 176. References to it occur from 1737 to 1790. See John Robinson, The Delaval Papers,' Archeologia Aliana, 2nd ser. xv., p. 129, ibid., 3rd series, xi., 56; Sykes, Local Records of Northumberland and Durham,' i., 357. Among the plays acted 'Othello' and The Fair Penitent,' and farces and pantomimes by members of the family.

were

H. LOGEMAN. THUNDER LORE (12 S. xi. 24).-See the above mentioned work by Feilberg, in vv. Torden' and its compounds.

H. LOGEMAN. FOLK-LORE CHANGELINGS (12 S. xi. 310). -See a note with many references to Scandinavian folk-lore in my 'Commentary on Henrik Ibsen's Peer Gynt' ('s Gravenhage, Nyhoff, 1917), p. 30, which may interest your correspondents.

M. H. DODDs. LANDORIANA: BENJAMIN LOVELING (12 S. xi. 269). It would be interesting to know H. LOGEMAN. what further evidence has come to light, and University of Ghent, Belgium. indeed what further evidence was necessary, FRENCH LEGAL TERMS (12 S. xi. 348).-to shew that Benjamin Loveling, not an I should translate "ès qualité" by "in his "n William Loveling, was the author said capacity," i.e., as vendor or liquidator. Latin and English Poems,' published Election de domicile" is simply "election

of domicile," i.e., the person concerned has established in 1833, is still in existence, to specify the address at which writs or other issues Transactions, and holds exhibitions legal documents and notices can be served for the encouragement of arts and sciences. on him. Presumably it would be either his The Secretary is Mr. E. W. Newton, F.G.S., private residence or the office of his notary; Camborne, Cornwall. The word "polyor, in the case of a firm, the business office. was coined to denote in a "Á l'extinction des feux" implies sale by candle," as L. L. K. supposes. manner the object of this Society and the cope of its activities. BARTLE SYMONS.

G. H. WHITE.

technic

County Hall, Truro.

terse

"I don't think," he wrote to me, "I could shut out the paper sufficiently, here, to write well. No... . I will write my book in Lausanne and in Genoa, and forget everything else if I can." With some surprise I heard

PLACE NAMES AND ROMAN ROADS (12 S. xi. 330).-I found (in Herefordshire) the site of an ancient pottery which made crude red DICKENS UNFIT FOR A MAGISTRATE (12 S. in ware to line up in straight lines in several xi. 349). The incident is mentioned directions, with "red place names, the Forster's Life of Dickens,' Book v., chap i. presumed ancient tracks on these lines Dickens had just severed his connection with being confirmed by other evidence. For The Daily News, and Forster says:example, one such line passed through Redborough, the pottery site (Whitney Wood), the Red Lay (a cottage); it then lay for two miles on a straight, reputed Roman " road, through a Red House, and over the Wye at an obviously ancient ford. But I do not know that all the word elements mentioned by the querist (Rea, Re, etc.) are "red The Red Dial mentioned is interesting. The "Dial Stone on a ridge of the Black Mountains is an upright stone marking a trackway, and I find elsewhere "Dial Post,' "Dial Hill," and "St. Dial's Farm, all I think indicating points on trackways.

names.

ALFRED WATKINS.

a communication from him afterwards of opened with a leading member of the Government to ascertain what chance there might be for his appointment, upon due qualification, to the paid magistracy of London: the reply not giving him encouragement to entertain the notion farther. It was, of course, but an outbreak of momentary discontent; and if the answer had been as hopeful, as, for others' sake rather than his own, wished it to be, the result would have been one could have

the same.

St. Elmo, Sidmouth.

T. W. TYRRELL.

BLUE HYDRANGEAS (12 S. xi. 370). Speaking of these plants, Cassell's Dietionary of Gardening' says:

THE SOUTHERN CROSS (12 S. xi. 369). The four principal stars form a rough cross the foot of which points to the south pole of the heavens (from which it is distant nearly 27 degrees). Thus the figure is in an Blue Hydrangeas are much in request. These upright position only when seen on the are often produced naturally by the presence meridian and south of the observer. of iron in the soil, where the plants are growAbout ing outdoors. The pink varieties can be turned the end of September the constellation cul- to blue by dissolving 1 oz. of alum in one minates at midnight-earlier in the ensuing gallon of water, and watering the plants once months, later in the preceding ones. Any- or twice a week with it when they are in where just north of the tropics, without regard to longitude, it can be viewed, at the proper time and season in suitable conditions of weather, at a conveniently low elevation, and is thus perhaps seen to best advantage. Vasco da Gama left Lisbon in July and touched St. Helena Bay four months later, and so the voyage fell at a period of the year when the Southern Cross would come into view, and present its best I read some years ago in a seventeenth cenappearance, so soon as the lower latitudes were reached from which it is visible.

SHIREMAN.

CORNISH POLYTECHNIC (12 S. xi. 370). The Royal Cornwall Polytechnic Society,

full growth. Excellent results have also been obtained by French growers by growing the plants in a compost of one-third loam, onethird peat, and one-third coal ashes.

Massetts Place, Scaynes Hill.

WOLSELEY.

IMR. T. WINDER writes that crushed slates have a good effect, this is probably due to

oxide of iron therein, and that a dressing of iron or steel filings improves the true colour). ANNA RENZI (RENCIA) (12 S. xi. 368).—

tury Venetian guide-book, the title of which I have forgotten, that Anna Rencia became the wife (in 1650) of Alessandro Leardini d'Urbino, the part-composer with Giovanni Rovetta, of the opera Argiope.' There is