other Burgesse for the sayd towne, the sayd Assembly have no'iated, elected and chosen, Christopher Honiwood gent., Mayor there, together with the sayd Mr Bodyly, to be and appeare at Westmr at the day above sayd, and the sayd Mr Honiwood is to be allowed for his fee in this s'vice iiijs. the daye duringe the tyme of the said P'liament."

The Lord Warden was Sir William Brook, Lord Cobham.

Mr. Wilks states that the member recommended was afterwards better known as Sir Thomas Bodley, the munificent founder of the Bodleian Library, Oxford. In the succeeding Parliament, 1586, the members chosen for Hythe were John Smyth, of Westernhanger, gent., and William Dalmyngton, jurat, so that Sir Thomas Bodley's connexion with Hythe was of brief duration.

Sandgate, Kent.

R. J. FYNMORE.

'N. & Q.' ANAGRAM. (See 9th S. x. 185.)Notes and Queries reasoned inquest. This anagram-in the "general sense" of the word inquest (N.E.D.,' s.v. 3+ b and c), "a search or investigation in order to find something; ......a research ;......inquiry or investigation into something"-is proposed as even more apt, because more comprehensive, than " a question-sender." C. P. PHINN. Watford.

BURIAL CUSTOM AT ARDOCH.-Perhaps this pagan survival may be interesting :

"We are authorized to state that while opening a grave in the Ardoch graveyard the other day, the gravedigger came upon a decayed coffin in which were bones and a pint bottle containing liquid. The gravedigger, being a teetotaler, could make nothing of it, until a neighbour with more pro; nounced olfactory nerves scented the 'rale Mackay,' upon which the lad of the pick and shovel offered to hand it round. Some years ago a grave was found to contain a skeleton and a well-filled tobacco pouch, so that, it may be presumed, Ardoch in former days not only fed ye here,' but gave ye something to carry ye ower the brae.""-Strathearn Herald, 8 Nov., 1902. IBAGUÉ.

LODONA.

Pope's myth of the nymph Lodona in Windsor Forest' is evidently founded on that of Syrinx in Ovid's Metamorphoses' (i. 12), the scene of which was the river Ladon (a tributary of the Alpheius, now called Ruféa), in Arcadia. But it is scarcely accurate of the late Dr. Cobham Brewer, in his 'Reader's Handbook,' to say "Lodona is an affluent of the Thames for some would not recognize in the word the river Loddon, which flows into the Thames at Wargrave, after passing near Binfield, where Pope wrote several of his early poems and part of Windsor Forest' itself.

W. T. LYNN.

DAGGER MONEY.

ing, the Mayor, addressing Mr. Justice Channell, "At the Newcastle[-on-Tyne] Assizes this mornsaid: I don't know whether your lordship is aware that it is the custom in this city for the Mayor for the time being to present to the judge a coin, which we call dagger money.' In olden times, before railways and coaches, I assume it was necessary for the Mayor of the old town of Newcastle to furnish an escort for the judge of Assize between Newcastle and Carlisle. That escort consisted of a body of posed to the attacks of marauders and freebooters, men to protect the person of the judge, when exespecially in the neighbourhood of Bewcastle and that desolate part of the county of Northumberland......I am to ask your lordship to accept this Jacobus coin."-Newcastle Evening Paper, Nov. 19, 1902. L. L. K.

Queries.

WE must request correspondents desiring information on family matters of only private interest in order that the answers may be addressed to them to affix their names and addresses to their queries, direct.

WALTON AND COTTON CLUB. -Forty years ago several questions were asked under this heading (see 3rd S. i. 273). The then Editor himself answered all the questions except the first, which was, "Can any of your readers inform me whether this Club is still in Being the happy owner of the Editor as quite a rare book of the rules, described by the said gem," I ask to be allowed to repeat the unanswered question. If, as I fear, it is a fact that the Club has ceased to exist, I should like to be informed when and why it did. STAPLETON MARTIN.

existence?"

The Firs, Norton, Worcester.

ANNIE OF THARAU.-I should be much obliged if one of your correspondents could tell me whether Aennchen von Tharau was a real person, or if there is any legend connected with her. I know, of course, the German ballad to her by Helder, and that he took the subject from an older Northern one; also that Longfellow has made a translation of it. I should be grateful if your correspondents could tell me the date when she "flourished" or of the legend.

(Miss) CATHERINE L. GIBBS. RUBENS PICTURES.-Can any reader kindly give information regarding pictures or sketches painted by Rubens representing Time and Truth? I know of the finished picture forming one of the Marie de Médicis series, and of two sketches showing different treatments of the same subject, all in the Louvre at Paris. There may be others, perhaps, among the sketches in the Munich

[We find no mention of the name in the 1900 edition of Mrs. Gatty's work.]

TENNYSON AND KINGSLEY.-Perhaps some of your correspondents can inform me whether the lines in Lord Tennyson's last poem,

And may there be no moaning of the bar,
When I put out to sea,

are an allusion, accidental or implied, to the
refrain in Charles Kingsley's well-known
poem of 'The Three Fishers.' I presume
the allusion is obvious, and that in all pro-
bability Lord Tennyson regarded it as such.
J. LUTTRELL PALMER.
[See 9th S. x. 247.]

BURKE.-Is there evidence that Burke's father was ever a Catholic? Is not Mr. Morley certainly in error when stating that Burke's wife had been a Catholic? Her father was a Catholic, her mother a Presbyterian-which latter was her religion, just as, Burke's father being the Protestant and his mother the Catholic, he resulted in a Protestant. W. F. P. STOCKLEY.

Ottawa.

[See also 'Mixed Marriages,' 9th S. x. 447.] KIEFF, KIEV, KIEW.-How ought this word to be spelt? Are we right, or the French, or the Germans, for all three nations spell it in a different way? In England, however, the first two forms are used, the first being the more frequent. One would think that a reference to the Russian spelling should decide the matter at once; but here a difficulty seems to present itself. For in Russian the word is spelt Kiev+the mute hard sign, which the French call -ierre. Of this letter Motté, who names it -oh-, says :

"The hard semi-vowel (oh or ierre) has now no sound whatever, but it serves to give to the consonant that precedes it a strong and harsh pronunciation as though this were double. Before oh (or ierre) a weak consonant has always the sound of its corresponding strong, thus v=ph."

I avoid giving the Russian characters, as I have never seen them printed in 'N. & Q.,' though I should be very pleased to immortalize myself by being the first to introduce them there. Then Motté goes on to give as an example of his rule Krov+oh=

Kroff (a roof). If this is correct, then Kieff would be the right spelling, and Fuchs, who wrote a Russian grammar for French students, seems to agree. The real truth appears to be that the French, with their quick sense of what is elegant, have followed the Latin word Kiovia, while we have chosen the uncouth but more accurate form Kieff. Gibbon, it is to be noted, calls the town Kiow. T. P. ARMSTRONG.

REV. SAMUEL FISHER.-Information is desired concerning the Rev. Samuel Fisher, called a minister, I think, of the Baptist Church, located in Norwich some time prior to 1813 possibly the latter part of the eighteenth century. E. D.

Bridgeport, Conn., U.S.

HERALDIC SHIELDS: THEIR ORIGIN. I should like to ask students of heraldry if the origin of heraldic shields has been ascertained. There has seemed to me some reason to suspect they have been evolved from scenes representing ancient methods of worship, especially the worship of the sacred tree. For example, on one of the Assyrian cylinders we see in the centre the conventionalized tree, on each side a winged human figure holding up a hand towards the tree in worship, and above the tree the winged disc of deity. We have thus a central object, two supporters, and a symbol in the position of the crest. There are similar designs in the Temple of Athene at Priene; in St. Mark's, Venice in India, Mexico, and elsewhere. But speak in entire ignorance of heraldry. C. CALLAWAY.

Montpellier Villas, Cheltenham.

PRINCESS CHARLOTTE - In Mrs Bagot's book of recollections lately published it is stated, on the authority of "Mrs. Martin," that when the autopsy was made upon the body of the Princess Charlotte (daughter of

upon Hull Kn was born y 26 of March 1608 & died the 30th of March 1651 & was buried in this church of Wintringham.

Is't possible did not this star appear
One of the brightest in our hemisphere
How comes this quick privation, oh tis gone
Nor see we save a sable horison
Learn hence we may that none so fixed is
In this our orb but must glide hence like this
Such is our state yet 'tis that happy way
Translates us hence to heaven fixed stars for
Even such is this blest star now whose fall here
Returned him glorious to that blessed sphere.

aye

Can any of your correspondents say by whom the above was written? It is thought by some of the villagers to be by Andrew Marvell, M.P. for Hull.

·

WE are told at the last reference that William Hawkins, Professor of Poetry at Oxford 1751-6, was a descendant of Sir John Hawkins ('D.N.B.,' xxv. 212); and statements to the like effect may be found in several books; for instance, in the History of Pembroke College' (Oxford Hist. Soc., 1897), p. 379. The professor was son of William Hawkins, the serjeant-at-law, about whose father I sent some notes, printed at 9th S. vi. 188; vii. 154. The matters there stated led me to infer tentatively that the serjeant's father was the John Hawkins who, when he was admitted to the Inner Temple on 18 October, 1672, was described as "de Mortlake in comitatu Surrie, generosus." The theory that the serjeant was descended from Sir John Hawkins appears to rest upon the supposition that John Hawkins, the serjeant's father, who settled at Great Milton, Oxfordshire, about 1682, was identical with John, born 1643, son of John Hawkins (of Slapton, Devon), and grandson of Sir Richard Hawkins, the voyager, who died in 1622. See "The Hawkins' Voyages' (Hakluyt Soc., 1878), p. 1. Can any reader tell us whether there is good evidence which either supports or refutes this supposition? The following

matters make me incline to doubt its accuracy:

1. William Hawkins, Esq., J.P. for Surrey, died 31 January, 1677 (? 1677/8), aged fiftythree, and was buried at Mortlake (Manning and Bray's 'Surrey,' iii. 308). He was, presumably, the William Hawkins, Esq., of Mortlake, Surrey, whose will, dated 6 October,

1677, was proved 11 February, 1677/8, P. C. C. 14 Reeve. It appears from the will that the testator had property in Westminster, and was entitled to the rents of "houses in ffoxes' ordinary, London." He appointed, as his sole executor, "John Hawkins, my only brother John Hawkins his son," and, as trustees and overseers of the will, "Mr. Simon Smyth, of the city of Westminster, merchant, and Mr. Richard Hawkins, in the Old Bayley neare Ludgate, scry vener." John Hawkins, the executor, was under twenty-eight years of age at the date of the will, which provided that, until he reached that age, he was to have a chamber reserved for him in the testator's house at Mortlake, and also that care was to be taken "to purchase a chamber in the Temple for him to practise in " The will mentions the testator's wife; also his "sister Bowles," and Henry, Mary, and Hannah, her children by her former husband Henry Kem (?); and Hester, Mary, Anne, and Susan, daughters of the testator's dead brother John.

2. The above reference to "a chamber in the Temple" leads me now to suggest that John Hawkins, the testator's nephew and executor, may have been the father of William Hawkins, the serjeant-at-law. If he was the serjeant's father, it is difficult to see how the supposed descent from Sir Richard Hawkins can be admitted, because :—

(a) The serjeant's father, if he was under twenty-eight years of age in October, 1677, was born several years later than 1643, the year in which John, grandson of Sir Richard Hawkins, is said to have been born.

(b) Sir Richard Hawkins does not seem to have had any son named William (see 'D.N.B.,' XXV. 223, 225); and, moreover, William Hawkins, the above testator, who died in 1677/8, aged fifty-three, cannot have been son of Sir Richard, who died in 1622.

H. C.