There is, therefore, abundant evidence, external and internal, to prove that, although Bruce prepared a considerable part of the entire piece Lochleven,' it is to Logan that the credit belongs of having rearranged its component parts, and particularly of having extended 'Levina.' The evidence upon which this conclusion rests may be thus summarized: (1) Bruce's state of health unfitted him for working daily at this composition. Five months, therefore, was too short a space of time in which, according to his own account of its progress (although this need not be taken as being literally accurate), the poem, as we have it, could have been written by him. (2) The facts related by Dr. Mackelvie, that many parts of the original were omitted, that additions were made, and that the whole piece had been rearranged, point to the necessity of more time having been required for its production, granting, for the sake of argument, that Bruce was the author of the whole. (3) But positive evidence in favour of Logan is to be found (a) in Dr. Baird's emphatic statement, already quoted, that nearly 200 lines of 'Levina' are Logan's (he, like Mackelvie, had Bruce's MS. before him); (b) when it is seen that one of these 200 lines is that to which Dr. Mackelvie drew attention, "The perfect picture," &c.; and (c) when it is further seen that this line is wanting from Dr. Mackelvie's so-called "first draught" of 'Levina.' (4) The many parallelisms, &c., form another link in the chain of evidence which goes to prove that it was Logan who wrote the greater part of this episode. A. M. McDONALD. ROUBILIAC'S BUST OF POPE (9th S. x. 408, 471, 492).-I think your correspondent MR. GEORGE G. NAPIER will find that this marble bust was bought by Lord Rosebery at the Peel sale a few years ago. It may interest him to know that the original clay model, made by the sculptor's hands for this marble bust, is still in existence. The clay was fired, and is now good terra-cotta. It was for some time in the collection of Samuel Rogers, and was bought at his sale by my father, John Murray, and passed into my possession at his death in 1892. It was exhibited at the Pope Commemoration in 1888, and a photogravure reproduction is given of it in the frontispiece of vol. v. (Life) of Elwin and Courthope's 'Pope.' It also forms an illustration to a paper in the Magazine of Art by Mr. Austin Dobson, entitled Little Roubillac,' published some few years ago (I cannot, at this moment, ascertain the exact date), in which Mr. Dobson says:— "It bears every evidence of that strong marking of the facial muscles, especially about the mouth, which Reynolds had observed to be characteristic anecdote preserved by Malone, went further still. of deformed persons. The sculptor himself, in an He found in the contracted appearance of the skin between the eyebrows proof permanent of that aching head' to which the poet so frequently refers. The bust, which is without the wig and successful efforts. It, of course, fails to reproduce shows the natural hair, is one of Roubillac's most the magic of the wonderful eye; but is full of courage, keenness and alert intelligence." A. H. HALLAM MURRAY. THE GOLDEN HORN (9th S. x. 405).-In bowdlerize, hyperbatize, and mangle to his 'Plin. Sec. Opera,' Regent's edition, lib. ix. heart's content? On his own head be it; 20, this name is more manifest than suum cuique; "tu l'as voulu, George Danin Master Doctor Holland's translation: din." (Dandin flourishes amazingly in un"Hujus aspectu repente territi, semper parenthesized tutoiement.) And even if a adversum Byzantii promontorium ex eâ mutely recumbent attitude on the part of causâ appellatum Aurei cornus, præcipiti tergiversative "Brer Rabbit" appears metonypetunt agmine.' H. J. MOULE. mically preferable to any vulpine posture, may Dorchester. not the misquoter be allowed catachrestically to pursue the even " tenor of his way, regardless alike of the lugubrious Gray and of the dark sayings of Uncle Remus? Tis a free country; and philippics about the verification of quotations fall on deaf ears. "KIT-CAT" PORTRAITS (9th S. x. 188, 231, 316, 435, 471).—The Kit-Cat portraits referred to by MR. PAGE are still in the possession of the Baker family, and now ornament their drawing-room at Bayfordbury, not Hertingfordbury. MATILDA POLLARD. Belle Vue, Bengeo. I believe that the Rev. D. Kitcat, of WestonBirt Rectory, Tetbury, Gloucestershire, claims to be a descendant of the original Kitcat, and I well remember his telling with glee a story of the mystification of a Bristol stationer, from whom he was ordering some cardboard or canvas "Kit-cat size," when directed to send it to "Mr. Kitcat," and how he kept repeating, 'Yes; but that is the size of the canvas, now I want your name," believing all the while that he was the subject of a hoax. There are at least four Kitcats in the Clerical Directory.' Is there any family of this name in England other than that of the Kitcat Club founder? W. S -S. 66 LATIN CONVERSATION (9th S. x. 407, 452).— At the latter reference a correspondent mentions several Latin papers. Being interested in the subject, I wrote my bookseller, who informed me that the Phoenix is not known at Red Lion House; and Post Prandium is discontinued. The failure of these two papers published in England would imply that they received little support from English scholars. Perhaps there are others more favoured in circulation. If so, I should be grateful if some correspondent would kindly bring them to my notice. I should also like to know whether I can obtain copies of the American journals through any London publisher. I have seen Vox Urbis. THEO. ETHElbert BEASLEY. Bulbourne, Tring. MISQUOTATIONS (9th S. x. 428). To what extent are misquotations allowable? 'Tis a fearsome question, i' faith. The misquotation (innuendo, without exculpatory parenthesis), is it not aye high treason, a misdemeanour punishable by the aristarchs? But, with a bracketed caveat, may not the quoter treat his hapless authority as his own sweet will dictates? May he not orthographize, J. DORMER. I think that C. C. B. is hardly fair to Byron. He is as much spoilt by misquotation as any poet. I might point to many passages in his works which could not be altered without injury being done to him. I will point to one the thirty-four lines in 'The Giaour' beginning, "As rising on its purple wing." No doubt he sometimes writes very carelessly. But so does Shelley. So does Shakspeare. E. YARDLEY. ELIZABETHAN POEM: AUTHOR WANTED (9th S. x. 489).-The quotation is copied, with scrupulous exactness, from the back of leaf 53 of "The Popish Kingdome or reigne of Antichrist written in Latin Verse by Thomas Naogeorgus and Englyshed By Barnabe Googe," printed in 1570. WALTER W. SKEAT. THE KING'S WEIGH HOUSE (9th S. x. 427).— The Steelyard in Upper Thames Street, so named probably from the balance or beam of steel employed there in weighing the merchandise imported by the German fraternity of Easterling merchants, appears to have been the most important "weigh house" in the City; but upon the expulsion of these monopolists by Queen Elizabeth, owing to representations of the Company of Merchant Adventurers, their hall was used as a depôt for the navy, and the supervision and weighing of important merchandise were transferred to the Mayor and Corporation. Consequently the "King's Beam," as it was called, was removed first to Cornhill, where there was already a "beam" supervised by the Grocers' Company, and afterwards to Weighhouse Yard in Love Lane, Little Eastcheap, where, before the Great Fire, stood the church of St. Andrew Hubbert. Here, in a large room over the Weighhouse, a congregation of Independents had their "commodious meeting house" in the early part of the eighteenth century. From this conventicle the later meeting house called the "King's Weigh house Chapel," on Fish Street Hill, not far from the old Weighhouse, took its name. But the ground on which it stood was required by the Metropolitan and District Railway Companies for the completion of the Inner Circle Railway, and was sold for 37,000l.; so that the site of the chapel is now occupied by the Monument Station bookingoffice, the station itself standing upon the site of the Weighhouse. In April, 1888. the Duke of Westminster offered a site in Duke Street, Grosvenor Square, a street which was then being almost entirely rebuilt, at a peppercorn rent, for ninety-nine years' lease. The freehold of this site was valued at 25,000l., and this is briefly the story of the King's Weighhouse Chapel in Mayfair, concerning which, however, nothing will be found in Clinch's 'History' of that fashionable locality. Mr. A. Waterhouse, R.A., was the architect. J. HOLDEN MACMICHAEL. 161, Hammersmith Road. PAUSANIAS (9th S. x. 386).-Pausanias was one of Philip's bodyguard, and a favourite of the king. A rival attempted to oust him from Philip's good graces; he assailed his rival in a peculiarly opprobrious manner; the rival complained to Attalus; Attalus bitterly insulted Pausanias; the latter complained of the outrage to Philip; but Philip spared Attalus; hence Pausanias, in anger, took Philip's life. Pausanias tried to fly, but was killed by some officers of the king's guard. These events are related by Plutarch and Justin; but neither mentions Attalus as the murderer. H. A. STRONG. University College, Liverpool. MR. HEBB had better refer to Diodorus Siculus (xvi. 93). He will then see why it is impossible (Eph. v. 12) to speak in detail on the point in 'N. & Q.' Grote's language is, no doubt, intentionally obscure. Blackheath. W. T. LYNN. [Answers also from C. C. B. and F. A., the latter quoting the passage from Diodorus in detail.] MONARCH IN A WHEELBARROW (9th S. x. 467). -The monarch MR. T. H. BATTEN is in search of is, no doubt, Peter the Great. On p. xi of a life of John Evelyn, Esq., prefixed to an edition of his 'Diary' published by Alex. Murray & Son, 1871, we are told : "When the Czar of Muscovy came to England in 1698, he was desirous of having the use of Sayes Court, as being near the King's Dockyard at Deptford, where that monarch proposed instructing himself in the art of shipbuilding. During his stay he did so much damage, that Mr. Evelyn had an allowance of 150l. for it. He particularly regrets the mischief done to his famous holly hedge, which might have been thought beyond the reach of damage." A foot-note adds: "It is said that one of Czar Peter's favourite recreations was to demolish the hedges by riding through them in a wheelbarrow." JOHNSON BAILY. Ryton Rectory. One of Peter the Great's recreations during his tenancy of Sayes Court was to be driven through the holly hedges in a wheelbarrow. See John Evelyn's 'Diary and Correspondence,' edited by Bray, 1850. F. JARRATT. LATIN QUOTATION (9th S. x. 488).— is from Juvenal, Sat. vii. 159, 160. "Of course University College, Liverpool. From Juvenal, Sat. vii. 159. "Sed" should be quod, and "Arcadico" should be Arcadico WALTER W. SKEAT. iuueni. PURCELL FAMILY (9th S. x. 386).-The following description of the arms painted on the Purcell tablet is from Neale's 'Westminster Abbey,' vol. ii. p. 218 : three Boars' Heads, couped, of the First, Purcell: 'Barry wavy of Six or and Vert, on a Bend Sab. Imp. Gu. on a Bend betw. two Escallops Arg. a Cornish Chough Prop. betw. two Cinquefoils of the Field." G. F. R. B. BRANSTILL CASTLE (9th S. x. 149, 191, 231). -From vol. vi. of 'The Beauties of England and Wales' (London, Vernor & Hood, Longman & Co., 1805), p. 597, I cull the following: Ditch, the seat of Charles Cocks, Baron Somers of "Near Eastnor, on the South-East, is Castle Evesham, whose grandfather married Mary, sister and co-heiress of the great Lord Somers, the illustrious promoter of the Revolution of 1688...... Between one and two miles from Castle Ditch, in a glen of the Malvern Hills, stood Bransill Castle, now wholly demolished, but originally of a square form, with a round tower at each angle, and a double moat surrounding it. From the appearance of the site, it must have been exceedingly strong. The surrounding scenery is very picturesque and beautiful." Virtue's 'Gazetteer of England and Wales,' 1868, under the heading of Eastnor, states :— moat." "There are some ancient earthworks, supposed to be of Roman origin; and to the E. of the village are the ruins of an ancient castle surrounded by a It cannot be doubted that the ruins alluded to are Bransill Castle, and it is somewhat incongruous to find such a diversity of opinions as to the existence or non-existence of these ruins. MR. E. C. COUSENS states that nothing of the castle remains; Virtue's 'Gazetteer' says that near the east of Eastnor are the ruins of an ancient castle; URLLAD informs us that Lady Harcourt made a sketch from nature of part of the ruins in 1869; the said ruins, according to the Beauties of England and Wales,' 1805, being "wholly demolished " at that remote period. Bransill appears on Pigott's Directory Map of Herefordshire' for 1830, and also on the map of Herefordshire which accompanies the 'Beauties of England and Wales.' CHAS. F. FORSHAW, LL.D. · Hanover Street, Bradford. "EPARCHY" (9th S. x. 407).—The reading in the 1638 edition of Herbert's Travels 'the second edition-is rather different from that of 1677, quoted at the above reference: "Curroon rejoyces in this sun-shine of happinesse, and accepts his motion: but after three moneths commorance in that country, weary of idlenesse, he projects the recovery of his old Eparchy of Brampore" (p. 93, 11. 20-22). No doubt the word is in the first edition, 1634. S L. PETTY. MOURNING SUNDAY (9th S. ix. 366, 390, 497; x. 72, 155, 297).—The custom referred to was prevalent in Worcestershire some years ago, and I remember about 1870 seeing male mourners of the better working class attend church on the Sunday after the funeral wearing the heavy crape hatbands, two or three feet long, then in vogue. It reappeared in my own experience so recently as August last in Derbyshire. This was to me a novelty, inasmuch as after arranging the details of a funeral, when the coffin was to be carried on a bier by hand from the house to the church, one of the bearers asked me if the family would like the six men who were to act in that capacity to attend the church on the following Sunday. W. R. QUARRELL. "The habit of sitting during the Psalm " is, I fancy, a Catholic survival. It is customary, apud nos, to sit during the recitation, or chanting, of the Psalms in the Divine Office. Mourners, however, would attend mass for the dead before or at a funeral, as well as after the same. GEORGE ANGUS. St. Andrews, N.B. "TRANSCENDANT " (9th S. x. 428).—The Latin suffix -ent is assuredly the more usual for this adjective, anchored as it is in most minds to philosophic transcendentalism. But the occasional appearance of the French suffix -ant is to be expected, presumably when some vague idea exists of divorcing the word from any esoteric meaning. This, however, affords small justification for the use of "transcendant," which, by analogy with "descendant," would rather be a substantival form if employed at all. The conflict between these two suffixes is an interesting chapter in the history of English. In some cases either termination is admissible; in others each form has become more or less specialized; and in others one form has either died or has not existed at all. be desired, it remains impossible. For, putting Much, too, as a consistent orthography is to aside those words in which ant and ent represent correct Latinity, a certain number of common terms remain whose suffixes are merely due to the Gallic crucible through which they have passed. It is now too late to think of re-Latinizing them, and we must remain content with the inconformability of "tenant" with "continent" and " pertinent," of "servant" with "subservient," of remnant" with ". permanent," of "assistant" with "persistent." On the other hand, it seems still possible to oust the incorrect "exhalent," together with some of the French suffixes (e.g., in " dependant"). MR. FRED. G. ACKERLEY suggests that Mourning Sunday comes from the days when mourners attended a mass for the dead after a burial. But (a) Catholics do that" still, and yet in some parts they have Mourning Sunday; (b) they never can have done it on Sunday. Any "ordo," or priest's daily diocesan guide to services, will show the days The reten ATLAS WANTED (9th S. x. 489).—Corvitri should evidently be Cervetri, ie., Care Vetus, "Old Care," in the Campagna, not far from Rome. It is marked on most large maps of Italy: e.g. (1) in Stanford's Complete Atlas, 1872; (2) Philip's 'Imperial Library Atlas, 1873; (3) Blackie's Comprehensive Atlas, 1883; (4) Johnston's 'Royal Atlas,' 1892. I cannot find Racova on any of my maps, but it is on the river Birlad, near Vaslui; in fact the oldest Moldavian chronicle (Gregory Urechi's, written about 1625, published 1852) actually calls Stephen's victory over the Turks "Izbândă lui Stefan Vodă la Podul înalt la Vaslui," the battle of Vaslui. B. R. HAYDON (9th S. x. 207, 249, 317).-I can remember seeing the large picture by this artist of Curtius leaping into the gulf at the Forum of Rome, at the Pantheon in Oxford Street, when I was a boy, circa 1844. About that time, or a little before that date, it was engraved in the Illustrated London News, and fault found in an accompanying description with the mode in which the horse was drawn. Punch had also a caricature engraving, representing a gaspipe traversing the gulf, and some amusing descriptive lines. JOHN PICKFORd, M.A. Newbourne Rectory, Woodbridge. FRANKLINIANA (9th S. x. 329).—"To have axes to grind" is from B. Franklin's Poor Richard's Almanac.' Unfortunately I am unable to give either date or page. CUTHBERT E. A. CLAYTON. Richmond, Surrey. "THE" AS PART OF TITLE (9th S. ix. 428; x. 13, 338, 415).-How many hypotheses might be adduced to account for this omission! Three have occurred to me. First, indexing and advertising (trade announcements, catalogues, &c.). I have seen hymns indexed under "The," where all hymns in the book beginning with "The" were indexed in order; but this is, of course, an exception. The usual and much better plan is Pilgrim's Progress (The),' by John Bunyan. Secondly, titles taken direct from the Latin. This may have marked the origin of the custom of omitting "The," which, if it be in every case an error, is a very widely spread one, and has been committed by nearly all-if not by all-our best authors. Lucan's Pharsalia' is correct. also correct. The Pharsalia,' by Lucan, is Is Pharsalia,' by Lucan, Have you read Haggard's 'She'? wrong? Thirdly, oral custom. Have you seen Smith's Empty Phial'? where the full title should read The Empty Phial,' by John Have you seen Smith's 'The Empty Phial'? This does not sound nearly so well, and I will venture to say that not five per cent. of the best scholars in Britain would speak in such a manner. THOMAS AULD. Smith. The vile practice of dropping the article before the title "Rev." ought to be stigmatized under this head. C. C. B. "WARTH" (9th S. x. 409, 476).-The notes at the latter reference appear beside the point by reason of the date (1767) of the word in question. Centuries before that time the O.E. worp had apparently ceased to survive, except in the place-name suffix -worth, in the sense of manor or estate. Neither Stratmann nor Halliwell records the word. Warop or wear) is out of court, as there is no suggestion of "water" in the quotation; but I may remind MR. ADDY that warth occurs in Yorkshire in a place-name familiar to him, Wathupon-Dearne, where Wath or Warth-ford (Halliwell). Probably the Editorial suggestion on p. 409 cannot be improved on. H. P. L. This term is applied to low-lying lands by the Severn shore, in Monmouthshire. I have seen it in old deeds of conveyance of portions of the flat pasture lands on the coast between Cardiff and Newport. Here it has become corrupted to "wharf," and so has given rise to folk-tales about the supposed remains of wharves testifying to the former commercial importance of now depopulated parishes, such as Marshfield and St. Bride's. I have often wondered if the word is akin to the Cornish wartha, low, frequently found in place-names in Cornwall. It is not Welsh of the ordinary type. JOHN HOBSON MATTHEWS. Town Hall, Cardiff. |