CHARLES KNIGHT AND Co., 22, LUDGATE STREET. MDCCCXLIII. Price Ten Shillings and Sixpence, bound in cloth. COMMITTEE. Chairman-LORD BROUGHAM, F.R.S., Member of the National Institute of France. William Allen, Esq., F.R. and R.A.S. Lord Campbell. Sir Henry De la Beche, F.R.S. Professor De Morgan, F.R.A.S. Samuel Duckworth, Esq. John Elliotson, M.D., F.R.S. T. F Ellis, Esq., A.M., F.R.A.S. Thomas Falconer, Esq. John Forbes, M.D., F.R.S. Sir I. L. Goldsmid, Bart., F.R. and R.A.S. F. H. Goldsmid, Esq. Vice-Chairman-EARL SPENCER. B. Gompertz, Esq., F.R. and R.A.S. G. B. Greenough, Esq., F.R. and L.S. Rowland Hill, Esq., F.R.A.S. Right Hon. Sir J. C. Hobhouse, Bart., M.P. David Jardine, Esq., A.M. John G. S. Lefevre, Esq., A.M. Right Hon. S. Lushington, D.C.L. A. T. Malkin, Esq., A.M. Mr. Sergeant Manning. R. I. Murchison, Esq.. F.R.S., P. G.S. W. S. O'Brien, Esq., M.P. P. M. Roget, M.D., Sec. R.S., F.R.A.S. Sir Martin Archer Shee, P.R.A., F.R.S. John Taylor, Esq., F.R.S. Professor Thomson, M.D., F.L.S. Thomas Vardon, Esq. Jacob Waley, Esq., A.M. Jas. Wakker, Esq., F.R.S., Pr. Inst. Civ. Eng. H. Waymouth, Esq. Thos. Webster, Esq., A.M. Lord Wrottesley, A.M., F.R.A.S. J. A. Yates, Esq. Rev. Prof. Sedgwick, A.M., F.R.S. & G.S. Canterbury-John Brent, Esq., Alderman. William Masters, Esq. Carlisle-Thomas Barnes, M.D., F.R.S.E. Carnarvon-R. A. Poole, Esq. William Roberts, Esq. Chester-Henry Potts, Esq. Edward Strutt, Esq., M.P. Lt. Col. C. Hamilton Smith, F.R.S. LOCAL COMMITTEES. Hitcham, Suffolk-Rev. Professor Henslow, Ripon Rev. H. P. Hamilton, A.M., F.R.S., G.S. A.M., F.L.S. & G.S. Hull-James Bowden, Esq. Rev. Wm. Shepherd, LL.D. Manchester Local Association Sir Benjamin Heywood, Bt.. Treasurer. Merthyr Tydvil-Sir J. J. Guest, Bart., M.P. T. Sopwith, Esq., F.G.S. Newport, Isle of Wight-Ab. Clarke, Esq. R. G. Kirkpatrick, Esq. Rev. P. Ewart, A. M. Ruthin-The Rev. the Warden. Humphreys Jones, Esq. Ryde, Isle of Wight-Sir R. D. Simeon, Bt. Sheffield-J. H. Abraham, Esq. Shepton Mallet-G. F. Burroughs, Esq. South Petherton-John Nicholetts, Esq. Henry Coppock, Esq., Secretary. John Rundle, Esq., M.P. Wrexham-Thomas Edgworth, Esq. York-Rev. J. Kenrick, A.M. John Phillips, Esq, F.R.S., F.G.S. THOMAS COATES, Esq., Secretary, No. 42, Bedford Square. COMPLETION OF THE PENNY CYCLOPÆDIA. THE Committee of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge, and the Publishers, on presenting the Final Part to the Subscribers, offer a few words of explanation and announcement. The limits proposed for this work have been exceeded by about one-fourth. To have materially abridged the productions of more than two hundred contributors, not copying other works of reference, but each presenting complete articles from original sources, would have been unjust to the writers, and unsatisfactory to the readers. The result has been that, without trespassing largely upon the indulgence of the purchasers, a Cyclopædia has been produced without any important omissions, and differing from other books of the same class in not being hurried to a conclusion by abbreviation of the matter contained under the later letters of the alphabet. The complete book may fairly take rank among works of authority systematically conducted without any improper abridgment of labour or expense; and this, although it is the cheapest original work of the class which any time or any country has produced. That cheapness has been made possible, not by any false economy, not by remodelling old materials, nor by employing inadequate writers, but by the expenditure of no less a sum than forty thousand pounds upon the literature and engravings alone, in the assurance that the excellence of the work would secure a large body of purchasers at a small price, who would eventually remunerate the publishers as certainly as a small body at a large price. The Committee and the Publishers have to offer their thanks to the numerous body of Contributors by whose exertions they have been enabled to bring the work to a conclusion. They have to offer them especially to the Editor, by whose learning, unwearied diligence, and watchfulness, unity of plan has been maintained during eleven years, error, as far as possible, has been avoided, and. regular monthly publication, without a single omission, has been accomplished. single omission, has been accomplished. It is believed that no similar work has ever been brought to its conclusion with anything like an approximation to the same regularity. A list of the Contributors is subjoined. In the course of publication care has been taken, in all the great departments, to bring up the information to the most recent period, and also to make the later articles supplementary to, as well as corrective of, the earlier. But omissions, especially of new discoveries, improvements, and recent biographies, cannot have been avoided. These will be supplied by the publication, after a proper lapse of time, which will be at least a year, of a Supplement. A full Index will be published at a future day, which will not only materially increase the value of the Cyclopædia as a work of reference, but will enable the reader to place the later articles in proper connexion with the earlier, in the point of view just mentioned. December 20, 1843. LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS. Editor-GEORGE LONG, A.M., late Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge, and Professor of Latin in University College, London. Professor DAVIES, Woolwich. J. F. DAVIS, F.R.S., late his Majesty's Chief J. P. DAVIS. Fine Arts. H. DAVISON, A.M., Barrister-at-Law. Sir H. DE LA BECHE, F.R.S., For. Sec. G. S. A. DE MORGAN, Trin. Coll., Camb., and Professor of Mathematics in University College, London. Mathematics and Astronomy. G. DENNIS. Spanish Topograpiy. S. DESPRAT. Spanish and Portuguese Literature, &c W. R. DEVERELL Topography, Biography, &c. Hon. Capt. DEVEREUX, R.N. Naval Biography, &c. History of the Drama, Boroughs, &c. E. FORBES, F.L.S., Prof. of Bot., King's Col. Insects and Fishes. R. FORD, Heavitree, Exeter. |