the usual mining machinery for the hoisting up of the
oosened material, and the tunnel being driven east and
rest from each eye, the miners will meet each other half
ay between the pits. The greatest progress has been
aade in that part of the tunnel running from the eye in
Losslake-fields, and where the surface of the intended
ailway appears to be about sixty feet beneath the ground.
The substance met with in thus boring the bowels of
he harmless earth," is almost entirely a reddish free-stone,
thich forms the bed upon which the town, and most of the
and in the immediate neighbourhood rests; and this cir-
umstance is no doubt favourable, as the tunnel will not
require arch work of brick to be thrown over it, except where
the stone is unsound, or sand or other loose material is met
with. A considerable quantity of the stone is regularly
quarried for building. The excavation at Mosslake-
fields has proceeded thirty or forty yards each way
rom the eye.
It is about twenty-two feet in width,
nd sixteen in height, and where the stone above appeared
omewhat insecure, it is merely supported by slender
Fooden props. The visitor may descend the eye in one of
be buckets, with perfect security, and it is a novel and in.
eresting sight to those who have never seen mining in its
rander operations, to take a view of the noisy operations
oing on below, the echo of which is confined to the sub-
erranean passage. Though numerous candles are burnt
the workmen, the darkness" of the cavern is but
'made visible," and the sound of the busy hammer, and
hisel, and pick axe, the rumbling of the loaded waggons
long the railway leading from the further ends of the
avern to the pit, and the frequent blasting of the rock,
ungling with the hoarse sounding voices of the miners,
whose sombre figures are scarcely distinguishable, form an
interesting tout-ensemble of human daring, industry, and
ingenuity. The excavation at the top of Duke-street, as it is
only a few feet under the lowest level of the deep quarry
there, is of more desirable access to those who are timid,
as it may be entered on foot by a small inlet below.
Here the miners have also proceeded a considerable way;
and also from the shaft in White street, where some of
the stone excavated, is white, and of good quality for
building purposes. The air in these caverns is as yet
suitable for easy respiration, but we understand when the
miners penetrate towards the points of junction, it will be
come unwholesome and confined. When one shaft has
ince a communication with another, the whole will be
vell ventilated. No water to impede the work has yet
een found; and as the whole will be on a declivity
then finished, the tunnel will be perfectly dry, and to
Il appearance may even be whitewashed. Ledges, or
helves, are left on the top of the perpendicular sides

If the rock, to form the abutments for the archwork
hich is to be thrown over such parts as may require
The several eyes are situated about twenty feet to
he south of the tunnel, whence they communicate with
tby an excavation running into it at a right angle. This
was oving to an alteration of the line after the eyes were
ank. The small waggons used in conveying the stone
ed sand from the miners, to the bottom of the pit, are
asily propelled by workmen along railways, so laid, that
ren in the dark they cannot diverge from the proper tract.
Te shall from time to time notice the further progress of
is interesting undertaking, upon which we hope the
roprietors will continue to employ as many men as
e nature of the work will permit.

CAPTAIN LYON.

(From the Bath Journal)

There are some persons who, in the course of life, seem articularly subject to misfortune, and born to endure a ore than ordinary share of those casualties and sufferings which all are liable. This is wonderfully exemplified the life of one of the bravest and most able officers of e present day, Captain Lyon. This gentleman, after aving spent some time in our service on the coast of frica, was appointed to command part of the expedition a the North Pole, which latter service we all know how e performed; in both, however, he confined not himself the mere duties of his appointment. Two able works ave been given to the public, briefly and manfully reating the occurrences of both those services. Possessing he finer accomplishments of a traveller, still his claims as nable and experienced officer were great, and he had a ight to employment. He did get employed: he was ent to explore that part of the northern continent of menca, the very name of which almost traditionally told f the danger. No words can better paint the heroic irtues of those composing this expedition than his own

Feet In.

8

0

5

9

0

in describing the night of the 1st of September, 1824; who found them. They were partly embedded in sapo-
it is impossible to refrain from extracting them. Al-naceous clay, overlaid with vegetable matter, about five
though few or none of us had any idea that we should sur- feet in thickness, and in different stages of decomposition,
vive the gale, we did not think that our comforts should about two and a half feet being a sort of moor soil, and
be entirely neglected, and an order was therefore given the remaining two and a half feet composed of half-
to the men to put on their best and warmest clothing, to decayed leaves, twigs, &c.; above this, to the surface,
enable them to support life as long as possible. Every about one foot of common earth. The head, with the
man, therefore, brought his pack on deck, and dressed upper jaw containing a row of fine teeth on each side, is
himself, and in the fine athletic forms which stood exposed entire; the under jaw wanting. The horns, which are
before me, I did not see one muscle quiver, nor the slight broken towards the top, are large and branching, their
est sign of alarm. The officers each secured some useful dimensions being nearly as follows:-
instrument about them, for the purposes of observation,
although it was acknowledged by all, that not the slightest From the extreme tip of each horn,
From the tip of one horu to its root,
hope remained. And now that every thing in our power From the tip of one of the inner branches to the tip
had been done, I called all hands aft, and to a merciful
God offered prayers for our preservation. I thanked every
one for their excellent conduct, and cautioned them, as
we should in all probability soon appear before our Maker,
to enter his presence as men resigned to their fate. Noble
as the character of the British sailor is always allowed to
be, in cases of danger, yet I did not believe it possible,
that among forty-one persons, not one repining word
should have been uttered. Each was at peace with his
neighbour and all the world; and I am firmly persuaded
that the resignation which was shown to the will of the
Almighty was the means of obtaining his mercy." Could
such a scene as this pass and be forgotten?

It is said that he offended the Admiralty for daring to
say his ship was not adapted for such an expedition; and,
holding such an opinion as this, he must have felt that the
lives of his men had wantonly been exposed, and Provi-
dence challenged: but the great will not bear to be told
truths; and nautical talents and commanding abilities
have but little influence with those who love dishonest flat-
cry, and who select, as their supporters, men who can ex-
tol their errors into virtues.
Captain Lyon's chance of appointment in the service
being now but small, he accepted a situation in one of the
of his appointment with his newly-married bride, a lady
Mexican Mining Companies, and proceeded to the place
of great beauty and equal accomplishments. After a te.
dious passage down the Channel, he was wrecked off the
coast of Cornwall, and lost all his property. Reluctantly
obliged to leave his wife in England, (whose constitution
appeared to suffer from the fatigues and dangers of a sea
voyage) he proceeded to America. Returning home, in
the packet ship Panthea, he was wrecked at Holyhead, a
short time ago, again losing every thing, including his
journal, charts, and plans of the mines, &c. But his mis
fortunes do not rest here: a few hours after being on shore,
he received the distressing intelligence of his wife's death.
It is hoped that fortune has here ceased her persecutions.

A YOUNG LADY LOST IN THE SNOW.

3

of the opposite branch, ... The breadth of one of the palms within the branches 1 The length of the head, from the back of the skull to the extremity of the upper jaw,

The breadth of the skull,

1

7

10 ..... 0 10

The brow-antlers, as well as the main horns, are pal. mated, and slightly divided at the ends; and the whole may justly be considered as a rare and interesting specimen of organic remains.

Discoveries in Egypt.-It is at length placed beyond doubt that the Nile, of which Bruce conceived he had discovered the sources in Abyssinia, and which the Portuguese had seen and described in the sixteenth century, is only a tributary stream flowing into the true Nile, of which the real source is much nearer to the equator. For this information we are indebted to M. Calliaud, a French traveller, who accompanied the predatory expedition of the two sons (Ismael and Ibrahim) of the Pacha of Egypt, into Nubia, and who, in conjunction with M. Latores, has made known to us a new region in the exterior of Africa, more than 500 miles in length, and extending to the tenth degree of northern latitude. This gentleman has likewise determined the position of the city of Meroe, Bahr-el-Abriel (the White River.) and the Bahr-el-Azraq of which he found the ruins in the Delta, formed by the (the Blue River,) precisely in the spot where D'Anville had placed them upon the authority of ancient authors. Avenues of sphynxes and of lions, propylea and temples in the Egyptian style, forests of pyramids, a vast inclosure formed with unbaked bricks, seem to point out in this place the existence of a large capital, and may serve to elucidate the much agitated, but sull undecided question, "Whether civilization followed the course of the Nile from Ethiopia to Egypt, or whether it ascended from Egypt to Nubia ?"

Argument to Unbelievers.-Some months ago the Rev. James Armstrong preached at Harmony, when a doctor of that place, a professed Deist or Infidel, called on his asThe Edinburgh papers of Feb. 3, announce the follow-thodists," as he said. At first he asked Mr. Armstrong sociates to accompany him, while he attacked the Mcing melancholy event:"If he followed preaching to save souls ?" He auBrechin, N. B. Feb. 1.-On the night of Saturday last, swered in the affirmative. He then asked Armstrong this city and district to the northward were visited with a "If he ever saw a soul?" "No." "If he ever heard The snow fell thick, and was in many a soul?" severe storm. "No." "If he ever tasted a soul ?" "No." places drifted to a great depth. Miss Douglas, a young If he ever smelt a soul ?" 66 No." If he ever felt a lady who had been residing for some time in the house of soul?" Yes, thank God," said Armstrong. "Well, the Rev. Peter Jolly, at Tarfside, parish of Lochlee, pe: (said the Doctor) there are four of the five senses against rished in the storm; and Mr. Jolly himself was nearly one that there is a soul." Mr. Armstrong then asked the sharing the same fate. The lady had accompanied Mr. gentleman if he was a doctor of medicine, and he was also Jolly to Blackcraig, a distance of about three miles from answered in the affirmative. He then asked the Doctor Tarffside, on occasion of a marriage ceremony at which he If he ever heard a pain ?" "No." "If he ever saw had to officiate; and they set out together on their return a pain ?" "No." "If he ever tasted a pain ?" "No." home, about five o'clock in the evening. In consequence If he ever smelt a pain ?" "No." "If he ever felt a of the thickness of the drift and the darkness of the night, Yes.' pain ?" they had gone out of the road; and, after wandering upon also four senses against one, to evidence that there is a Mr. Armstrong then said, "There are the Mordlach-hill till about six o'clock on Sunday morn-pain, and yet, Sir, you know that there is a pain, and I ing, Miss Douglas suddenly sunk down and expired from know that there is a soul." The Doctor appeared conexhaustion. Mr. Jolly sustained his terrible situation till day light showed his position, and enabled him to obtain founded, and walked off.—Indiana Gazette. assistance. He then found that Miss Douglas had perished within 300 yards of the house of Auchintoul, although, in their wanderings round the trackless mountain, they had unfortunately missed the house, which they must Mr. Jolly's serhave passed probably oftener than once, vant and another man had been despatched by the family at home in search of the wanderers; but they had deviated so far from the road that the search proved fruitless.These individuals had also their share of misfortunes:

they fell over a precipice and were much hurt.

NATURAL HISTORY.

The head, horns, vertebræ of the neck, and some rib bones, of a large animal of the deer kind, (which may now be regarded as an extinct species) were recently discovered in the cliff at Skipsea, and have subsequently been exhibited at Bridlington, by James Boswell, the person

QUESTION BY G. F. OF BOLTON.

What must be the length of a pendulum which shall vibrate half as many times per minute, as it is inches in length?

Yes! but you never think upon her pain,
Who sits meanwhile at home, expecting you
With sickening anguish. What the servants tell
Of your rash exploits, fills my soul with horror.
With every absence bodes my trembling heart,
Thou wilt return to glad my eyes no more.
I see thee wilder'd midst rough fields of ice,
From rock to rock hazard the slippery leap,
See the despairing chamois, urg'd to bay,"
Spring back, and tear thee down the abrupt abyss,
The avalanche sweep o'er, or under thee

The treacherous glacier burst-and down thou sink'st
Into a dreadful grave, entomb'd alive :
Death in a hundred changing shapes pursues
The adventurous hunter: 'tis an unblest trade,
Which on the giddy brink of danger lies.

TELL.

Who cheerily looks around him with sound mind,
Trusting in God, and his own active powers,
May lightly wrestle with distress and danger:
The mountains fright not who was born upon them.
[Having finished his labour, he lays aside his tools,
and comes forward.

And now, methinks, the door will hold awhile:
The axe at home oft spares the carpenter.

HEDWIG.

Whither go'st thou ?

TELL.

Yes, right gladly.
The Bailiff is now there: go not to Altorf!
He leaves to-day.

TELL.

HEDWIG.

Then let him first depart:
Remind him not of thee! thou know'st he hates us!
TELL.

Me will his evil wishes scarcely harm;
I do but what is right, and shun no foe.

HEDWIG.

Who do but right, even those he hates the most.

TELL.

Because he cannot touch them. Me, at least,
He will not willingly, I think, disturb.

How know'st thou that?

HEDWIG.

TELL.

It is not long ago

I went amidst the savage wastes to range,
Which skirt the Schachental, where not a trace
Of human footsteps meets the searching eye.
And as I slowly climb'd the rugged path.
Where 'twas not possible to avoid a meeting,
For high above me hung a wall of rock,
And fearfully the Shachen roar'd below,

HEDWIG.

Only go not to day! Rather go hunt!

What moves thee so?

HOOD'S WHIMS AND ODDITIES. (From Blackwood's Edinburgh Magasine.)

It will never be known till the last day, whether my Lord Byron or Mr. Thomas Campbell was the first to lect as a subject of pocsy, the Last Man. It is most me lancholy, even to a disposition naturally cheerful, to think on the huge mass of unmixed nonsense under which the said poor ill-used Last Man has been buried. Mr. Hood, alive to the ludicrous, has viewed the Last Man in his proper light; and had the verses been published two years ago, they surely would have saved Mrs. Shelley from the perpetration of her stupid cruelties. Let that lady, or Mr. Campbell, set fire to a sheet of paper, and observe the way in which the sparks go out

There goes the squire, a most illustrious spark, And there, scarce less illustrious, goes the clerk. But no one poor unhappy devil of a spark continues sintillating for hours by himself among the ashes, as if he would never go out, but require three volumes of me. moirs to elucidate his character, under the title of the Last Spark. The idea is most pitiful and unimaginative, and you might as well prove pathetic at a gooseberry bush, over the fate of the last small black hairy grosset. There is no such thing as the Last Man, or the Last Grosset, or the Last Dew-drop, or the Last Rose of Summer, or the Last Kick to a Cockney, or the Last Pot of Porter, or the Last Long Sermon, but the class of objects to which they one and all do severally belong, goes off after quite another fashion; men, grossets, dew-drops, sparks, roses, kicks, and sermons, all perish, not by a consecutive series of deaths, but by simultaneous extinction. You might s well write a book about the feelings of the hindmost horse in the St. Leger-for he is the last horse-as about the feelings of the hindmost man in that other St. Leger, c

the judge's stand so close, that a winding-sheet might cover them all.

The boys approach, and listen with intense curiosity. which so many have started, and in which they come past
Sudden the Bailiff stood before my sight,
He quite alone like me-only we two,
Man against man-and close the precipice.
When of my presence he became aware,
And recognis'd the man, whom, recently
He had for some slight fault severely punish'd,
And saw me towards him with my good cross-bow
Come striding on-the colour fled his cheeks,
His knees refus'd their office, and he sank,
Supported only by the cliff's steep side.
Then pity touch'd my soul, and modestly

I drew towards him, and spake: 'Tis I, Lord Bailiff.
[Takes his hat. But powerless quite to falter from his tongue
A single word, he only with his hand
Motion'd me silently to take my way:
So I pass'd on, and sent his train to help him.

Mr. Hood's Last Man is, in our opinion, worth fifty of Byron's "darkness," (a mere daub) a hundred and a of Campbell's Last Man, and five hundred of Mrs. S ley's abortion. The wood-cut is inimitable-quite Cruik shankish. The Last Man is a sort of absurd sailor-k insolent ruffian, sitting with arms a-kimbo, cross-legged and smoking his pipe on the cross-tree of a gallos There stands the ladder, never more to be touched b human foot. There depends the halter that shall barg no more. The crows, and the ravens, and the pies, sex the Last Man, and encircle him with a ring of wings eyes, beaks, and talons; but he is up to the sublimity his state and station, and puffing away from the gr corner of his mouth, seems to say gruffly, "Don't cam the toss of a tinker's curse for you all." By the wa what a heavenly calm would fall upon the soul of the Last Man, if we were assured that he had, during the twenty concluding years of his career, been over head a ears in debt! Not a barn-bailiff on the face of the uns

:

in our present argument. Had there been any thing really sublime, or striking, or terrible, in the idea of a Last Man, Mr. Hood's poem would have left it unimpaired in our imaginations; but the very idea being in itself absurd, and contrary to the very nature and constitution of things, not even to be dreamt on of a supper of pork chops, Mr. Hood has exposed its absurdity; and the Last Man of Mr. Campbell drifting along in a ship to shores where all are dumb, is just as grotesque a Christian, as Mr. Hood's Last Man, perched and puffing on the gallows tree, with a pound of pigtail in each pocket of his trowsers, and a half-chewed quid in the envelope of his jacket-sleeve, and a club of hair, tufted like a stot's tail, hanging down to his burdies.

The Beauties of Chess.

"Ludimus effigiem belli."-VIDA.

A B C D E F G H
WHITE.

Correspondence.

GRAMMATICAL QUERY.

TO THE EDITOR.

St.--The rule applicable to the case propounded by your correspondent W. H. J. is this:-All nouns of two or more syllables ending in y, if the y be immediately preceded by a consonant, have their plural termination in ies; as ruby, rubies; strawberry, strawberries; but if a vowel intervene hetween the consonant and the y final, then the plural is formed by the simple addition of the s; as pulley, pulleys; attorney, attorneys. This rule may be considered as invariable. It is, however, often violated, and but imperfectly understood, I verily believe, by many persons even of good education. By giving it publicity, therefore, you may convey a piece of useful information to many of your readers, besides having the satisfaction of settling "a dispute between une petite bas bleu and your constant reader."

Feb. 16, 1827

TO THE EDITOR.

VERITAS.

THE HALLELUJAH STONE, NEAR MOLD.

out uttering a syllable. He then pointed with his fig to Handel's works, and said, with feeling and emphasi Beethoven is laid up with

In consequence of the article on this subject, which"Das ist das wahre !"
appeared in the last Kaleidoscope, we have been favoured
with the following communication from a correspondent:

TO THE EDITOR.

SIR,-It is now upwards of forty years since I studied the history of the Welsh monument at Bhwal, and published a large print of it, connected with a representation of the victory recorded. Had I been able to find the papers connected with this study, I should have furnished you with their contents earlier. I have, however, sent you a translation of the inscription on the monument, in verse. If you should not have been favoured with an English reading by any of your correspondents, it may be acceptable to many of your Cambrian readers. I would have accompanied it with the original Latin, but that, at present, is among the papers I cannot immediately find.-Yours, &c.

A. D. 420..

J. FERNELL.

The Saxons with the furious Picts ally,
The now enfeebled Britons to destroy,
March forth their armies to this valley, fam'd
For this event, and since Maes Garmon nam'd.
Two Apostolic leaders at their head,
Garmon and Lupus, then the Britons led,
And Christ, their glorious hope in this dread hour,
Honours their faith with his approving power;
Loud hallelujahs thrice salute the skies,
And neighbouring hills reverberate the noise;
The foes, astonished, quit the dreadful field,
And bloodless conquest to the Britons yield,
These shout triumphant, now a victory gained,
Not by the force of arms, but faith, obtain'd
N. G.

In memory of the Hallelujah Victory, erected this monument.

BEETHOVEN.

Our readers will regret to learn from the subjoined letters, that the greatest musical genius of the present age, Ludwig Von Beethoven, is, by this time, most probably no more. This extraordinary genius was born in December, 1770; he has, therefore, only just completed his 56th year.

(From the Harmonicon.)

HOPELESS STATE OF BEETHOVEN.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE HARMONICON.

dropsy in the abdomen, and though the operation of t
ping has been performed, his physicians have pronounce
him to be in extreme danger. Under these circumstance
you will find it excusable that he does not thank you
in writing; but he requested me to do it for him, and
have acquitted myself, I hope, to your satisfaction, of th
commission.-I am, &c. &c."
"To Mr Stumpff.'

Though M. Beethoven did not himself write a letter
thanks to Mr. Stumpff, yet he has signed his name to th
document, acknowledging the receipt of Handel's work,
with a legibility with which I never saw it written before.
No doubt he took every possible pains to show his friend
the sense of respect he entertained for him.
That is the true thing, or the very thing.

Remarka

0 43 0 E.N.E. Cloudy. 38 0 41 0 E.N.E. Fair. 37 0 41 0 E.N.E. Cloudy 38 0 42 0 N.E. Fair. 0 41 0 NE. Fair.

34 0 37 0 42 0 E.N.E. Fair. 34 0 37 0 41 0 N.N.W. Fair.

Erratum in our last: for the mean of atmospherical pr sure, instead of 22. 55, read 29. 65.

To Correspondents.

J. H. C. has omitted to send the solution to his puzzle, which we have expected for some time.

G. F. of Bolton, will perceive we have inserted his pendulum query; but in doing so, we by no means pledge ourselves to a continuance of auch subjects. A mathematical depart ment, whilst it is interesting only to very few, is extremely troublesome in typographical arrangement; is very liable to errata, and often requires illustration by expensive engravings. We have also been favoured with an enig by G. F.

SIR,-I beg to offer you for insertion in your work theA
following extract of a letter, dated Vienna, the 5th of
January, 1827, addressed to Mr. Stumpff, of this metro-
polis, in which a most melancholy account is given of the
present state of health of the celebrated Beethoven. For
the better understanding of the extract, I have to mention,
that Mr. Stumpff, from a noble desire to testify the high
esteem he entertains for so great a genius as Beethoven,
procured, at a very great expense, the entire works of
Handel, forty volumes in folio, Arnold's excellent edition,
all handsomely bound, and sent them, about three months
ago, as a present to M. Beethoven, the latter having, on
one occasion, declared how proud he should feel in possess-
ing the works of a composer, for whom he had so much
admiration. To leave nothing to be wished for, in making
this truly noble present, Mr. Stumpff took all the expenses
of sea and land carriage of this valuable musical library,
the whole way from here to Vienna, as well as the import
and transit duties through the different states, solely upon
himself.

"Vienna, the 5th of January, 1827.-Agreeably to your
desire, we made an arrangement by which the forty
volumes of Handel's works, which you consigned to us as
a present to L. Von Beethoven, were delivered to him
free of any expense whatever; and it will be highly
gratifying to you to learn that your present gave poor
Beethoven, micerable as he is, confined to his sick bed,
the greatest joy, and made him forget his melancholy
situation. A book from an acquaintance of his in Lon-
don was delivered to him at the same time with your
Handel; he took it into his hand, and laid it aside with-

PLAGIARIST.-The lines, "Our own Fireside," which
peared in the last Kaleidoscope, are from "Pool's L
Annual Repository." Our correspondent, in affixing
initials, T. H. to them, acted disingenuously; and in p
sisting in claiming them as his own, in his subsequent
he has been guilty of a deliberate falsehood. We never part
a plagiarist when we detect him, and we shall have a word
or two more to say to T. H. next Friday. If we knew bi
name, we would publish it without ceremony; beca
although we did not class the verses under the head orig
nal, he wished us to do so.
We thank J. B. T. for pointing
out the fraud.

MODERN LISBON.-The correspondent who first called
attention to some interesting letters from Lisbon, whi
appeared in the Morning Herald, will perceive that we b
profited by his suggestion. They are very amusing
derive additional interest from existing circumstances

The piece on MADNESs shall be put in hands immediately.
MUSIC.-We have been favoured by C. with an original De
March. It appears very complex, and would be very
blesome in the typographic arrangement.
WILLIAM TELL.—Our Rochdale correspondent may be as
that there shall be no further interruption in the cou
tion of William Tell. When a piece is given in wel
portions, it would perhaps be as well not to commen
perusal until the whole has appeared.
The lines of H. W. J. are most welcome, as are always
contributions of this correspondent.

THE LAST MAN, BY MR. HOOD. We hope our readers will
joy as hearty a laugh as we did, on the perusal of Mr. Heat
caricature of one of Lord Byron's monstrosities

Printed, published, and sold, EVERY TUESDAY,
E. SMITH & Co. 75, Lord-street, Liverpool.