1857 of Herat and the countries of Afghanistan, and never to demand from the Chiefs of Herat, or of the countries of Afghanistan, any marks of obedience, such as the coinage, or <khotbeh», or tribute. His Majesty further engages to abstain hereafter from all interference with the internal affairs of Afghanistan. His Majesty promises to recognize the independence of Herat, and of the whole of Afghanistan, and never to attempt to interfere with the independence of those States. In case of differences arising between the Government of Persia and the countries of Herat and Afghanistan, the Persian Government engages to refer them for adjustment to the friendly offices of the British Government, and not to take up arms unless those friendly offices fail of effect. The British Government, on their part, engage at all times to exert their influence with the States of Afghanistan, to prevent any cause of umbrage being given by them, or by. any of them, to the Persian Government; and the British Government, when appealed to by the Persian Government, in the event of difficulties arising, will use their best endeavours to compose such differences in a manner just and honourable to Persia. ART. VII. In case of any violation of the Persian frontier by any of the States referred to above, the Persian Government shall have the right, if due satisfaction is not given, to undertake military operations for the repression and punishment of the aggressors; but it is distinctly understood and agreed to, that any military force of the Shah which may cross the frontier for the above-mentioned purpose, shall retire within its own territory as soon as its object is accomplished, and that the exercise of the above-mentioned right is not to be made a pretext for the permanent occupation by Persia, or for the annexation to the Persians dominions, of any town or portion of the said States. ART. VIII. The Persian Government engages to set at liberty without ransom, immediately after the exchange of the ratifications of the Treaty, all prisoners taken during the operations of the Persian troops in Afghanistan, and all Afghans who may be detained either as hostages or as captives on political grounds in any part of the Persian dominions shall, in like manner, be set free; provided that the Afghans, on their part, set at liberty, without ransom the Persian prisoners and captives who are in the power of the Afghans. Commissioners on the part of the two Contracting Powers 1857 shall, if necessary, be named to carry out the provisions of this Article. ART. IX. The High Contracting Parties engage that, in the establishment and recognition of Consuls-General, Consuls, Vice-Consuls, and Consular Agents, each shall be placed in the dominions of the other on the footing of the most favoured nation; and that the treatment of their respective subjets, and their trade, shall also, in every respect, be placed on the footing of the treatment of the subjects and commerce of the most favoured nation. ART. X. Immediately after the ratifications of this Treaty have been exchanged, the British Mission shall return to Teheran, when the Persian Government agrees to receive it with the apologies and ceremonies specified in the separate Note signed this day by the Plenipotentiaries of the High Contracting Parties. - ART. XI. The Persian Government engages, within three months after the return of the British Mission to Teheran, to appoint a Commissioner, who, in conjunction with a Commissioner to be appointed by the British Government, shall examine into and decide upon the pecuniary claims of all British subjects upon the Government of Persia, and shall pay such of those claims as may be pronounced just, either in one sum or by instalments, within a period not exceeding one year from the date of the award of the Commissioners. And the same Commissioners shall examine into and decide upon the claims on the Persian Government of all Persian subjects, or the subjects of other Powers, who, up to the period of the departure of the British Mission from Teheran, were under British protection, which they have not since renounced. ART. XII. Saving the provisions in the latter part of the preceding Article, the British Government will renounce the right of protecting hereafter any Persian subject not actually in the employment of the British Mission, or of British Consuls-General, Consuls, Vice-Consuls, or Consular Agents, provided that no such right is accorded to, or exercised by, any other foreign Powers; but in this, as in all other respects, the British Government requires, and the Persian Government engages, that the same privileges and immunities shall in Persia be conferred upon, and shall be enjoyed by, the British Government, its servants and its subjects, and that the same respect and consideration shall be shown for them, and shall be enjoyed by them, as are conferred upon and enjoyed by, 1857 and shown to, the most favoured foreign Government, its servants and its subjects. ART. XIII. The High Contracting Parties hereby renew the Agreement entered into by them in the month of August 1851 (Shawal 1267), for the suppression of the Slave Trade in the Persian Gulf, and engage further that the said Agreement shall continue in force after the date at which it expires, that is, after the month of August 1862, for the further space of ten years, and for so long afterwards as neither of the High Contracting Parties shall, by a formal declaration, annul it; such declaration not to take effect until one year after it is made. ART. XIV. Immediately on the exchange of the ratifications of this Treaty, the British troops will desist from all acts of hostility against Persia; and the British Government engages, further, that, as soon as the stipulations in regard to the evacuation, by the Persian troops, of Herat and the Afghan territories, as well as in regard to the reception of the British Mission at Teheran, shall have been carried into full effect, the British troops shall, without delay, be withdrawn from all ports, places, and islands belonging to Persia; but the British Government engages that, during this interval nothing shall be designedly done by the Commander of the British troops to weaken the allegiance of the Persian subjects towards the Shah, which allegiance it is, on the contrary, their earnest desire to confirm; and, further, the British Government engages that, as far as possible, the subjects of Persia shall be secured against inconvenience from the presence of the British troops, and that all supplies which may be required for the use of those troops, and which the Persian Government engages to direct its authorities to assist them in procuring, shall be paid for, at the fair market-price, by the British Commissariat, immediately on delivery. ART. XV. The present Treaty shall be ratified, and the ratifications exchanged at Bagdad in the space of three months, or sooner if possible. In witness whereof etc. Separate Note referred to in Article X of the foregoing Treaty. The Undersigned, Her Britannic Majesty's Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary to the Emperor of the French, and His Persian Majesty's Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary to His said Imperial Majesty, being duly authorized by their respective Governments, hereby agree that the following ceremonial shall take place for the re-establish- 1857 ment of diplomatic and friendly relations between the Courts of Great Britain and Persia. This agreement to have the same force and value as if inserted in the Treaty of Peace concluded this day between the Undersigned: The Sadr Azim shall write, in the Shah's name, a letter to Mr. Murray, expressing his regret at having uttered and given currency to the offensive imputations upon the honour of Her Majesty's Minister, requesting to withdraw his own letter of the 19th of November, and the two letters of the Minister for Foreign Affairs of the 20th of November, one of which contains a rescript from the Shah, respecting the imputation upon Mr. Murray, and declaring, in the same letter, that no such further rescript from the Shah as that inclosed herewith in copy was communicated, directly or indirectly, to any of the foreign Missions at Teheran. A copy of this letter shall be communicated, officially, by the Sadr Azim to each of the foreign Missions at Teheran, and the substance of it shall be made public in that capital. The original letter shall be conveyed to Mr. Murray, at Bagdad, by the hands of some high Persian officer, and shall be accompanied by an invitation to Mr. Murray, in the Shah's name, to return with the Mission to Teheran, on His Majesty's assurance that he will be received with all the honours and consideration due to the Representative of the British Government; another person of suitable rank being sent to conduct him, as Mehmandar, on his journey through Persia. Mr. Murray, on approaching the capital, shall be received by persons of high rank deputed to escort him to his residence in the town. Immediately on his arrival there, the Sadr Azim shall go in state to the British Mission, and renew friendly relations with Mr. Murray, leaving the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs to accompany him to the Royal Palace, the Sadr Azim receiving Mr. Murray, and conducting him to the presence of the Shah. The Sadr Azim shall visit the Mission at noon on the following day, which visit Mr. Murray will return, at latest, on the following day, before noon. (Suivent les signatures.) 1857 AUTRICHE, BELGIQUE, BRÊME, DANEMARK, FRANCE, GRANDE-BRETAGNE, HAMBOURG, HANOVRE, LUBECK, MECKLENBOURGSCHWERIN, OLDENBOURG, PAYS-BAS, PRUSSE, RUSSIE, SUÈDE ET NORVÈGE. Traité général pour le rachat des droits du Sund, signé à ART. I. Sa Majesté le Roi de Danemark prend envers Sa Majesté la Reine du Royaume Uni de la Grande-Bretagne et d'Irlande, Sa Majesté l'Empereur d'Autriche, Roi de Hongrie et de Bohême, Sa Majesté le Roi des Belges, Sa Majesté l'Empereur des Français, Sa Majesté le Roi de Hanovre, Son Altesse Royale le Grand Duc de Mecklembourg-Schwérin, Son Altesse Royale le Grand Duc d'Oldenbourg, Sa Majesté le Roi des Pays-Bas, Sa Majesté le Roi de Prusse, Sa Majesté l'Empereur de toutes les Russies, Sa Majesté le Roi de Suède et de Norvège, et les Sénats des Villes Libres et Anséatiques de Lubeck, Brême et Hambourg, qui l'acceptent, l'engagement 1. De ne prélever aucun droit de douane, de tonnage, de feu, de phare, de balisage ou autre charge quelconque, à raison de la coque ou des cargaisons, sur les navires qui se rendront de la Mer du Nord dans la Baltique, ou vice versa, en passant par les Belts ou le Sund, soit qu'ils se bornent à traverser les eaux Danoises, soit que des circonstances de mer quelconques ou des opérations commerciales les obligent à y mouiller ou relâcher. Aucun navire quelconque ne pourra désormais, sous quelque prétexte que ce soit, être assujetti, au passage du Sund ou des Belts, à une détention ou entrave quelconque; mais Sa Majesté le Roi de Danemark se réserve expressément le droit de régler, par accords particuliers, n'impliquant ni visite ni détention, le traitement fiscal et douanier des navires appartenant aux Puissances qui n'ont point pris part au présent Traité; 2. De ne prélever sur ceux de ces mêmes navires qui entreront dans les ports Danois ou qui en sortiront, soit avec chargement soit sur lest, qu'ils y aient ou non accompli des |