Road Making and Maintenance: A Practical Treatise for Engineers, Surveyors, and Others

adopted amount applied arch asphalte Aveling & Porter average basalt blasting gelatine blasting machine blocks bore-hole breaking bricks carriageway carried cement cent charge Clee Hill concrete considerable consolidated construction cost counties creosote oil cubic yard depth detonators diameter distance districts drill-bit durable dynamite effect embankment employed engine expenditure explosive feet fixed foundation gradients granite gravel grout haulage Hirnant holes horses inches iron jaws joints kerb labour laid limestone macadam manual labour material means method mile nature necessary obtained operations paving pipes pitch placed Portland cement quantity quarry reduced repairs road metal road surface road-roller roadway rock drill roller rolling sand scarifying screen setts shot-holes shown in fig side square yard steam steam-rolled stone stone-breaking machine street subways sufficient suitable syenite tamping thickness thoroughfares tons varying vehicles wear weather weight wheel traffic whinstone width wires wood pavement