From French to Creole: The Development of New Vernaculars in the French Colonial World

19th century adjectives African appears arrived Bantu century Chapter clauses colonial communication completive concerned congruence consecutive construction context coordination Corne Creole French derived dialects discussed distinction early elements emerged English example existence fact faire forms français France future give given grammar infinitive influence island Kanak languages latter less lexicon linguistic Louisiana majority Malagasy marked means mwen negative Note nouns occur origin past pattern person Pidgin population possessive possible preposed present pronoun references reflexive relative remains respect result seen sentences settlement similar situation slaves social Sources speakers spoken standard stative structures Tayo tense texts transfer usually variation varieties varieties of French various verb vernacular vowels