Chemistry, Theoretical, Practical, and Analytical: As Applied and Relating to the Arts and Manufactures, Band 2William Mackenzie, 1853 |
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Seite 34
... common process it is impossible to exclude the air altogether , as the charring of the main bulk is effected through the agency of the complete combus- tion of a portion of the same material in the mass ; nevertheless , by regulating ...
... common process it is impossible to exclude the air altogether , as the charring of the main bulk is effected through the agency of the complete combus- tion of a portion of the same material in the mass ; nevertheless , by regulating ...
Seite 36
... common method , by which from twenty - five to twenty - seven per cent . of the weight of the original substance is obtained . Having thus far enlarged upon the theory of the sub- ject , the practical operations will now be considered ...
... common method , by which from twenty - five to twenty - seven per cent . of the weight of the original substance is obtained . Having thus far enlarged upon the theory of the sub- ject , the practical operations will now be considered ...
Seite 41
... common pile pro- A covering is provided , which , while it affords all the advantages derived by the use of sheds , adds cess . Fig . 27 . 1 R meiler being ignited passes out ; and after this the condensable products are drawn off ...
... common pile pro- A covering is provided , which , while it affords all the advantages derived by the use of sheds , adds cess . Fig . 27 . 1 R meiler being ignited passes out ; and after this the condensable products are drawn off ...
Seite 44
... common plan , is to conduct the draught downwards instead of in the ordinary way ; and if the pile were constructed upon a base sloped from the centre to the exterior , this would allow of the draining of the tar , acetic acid , water ...
... common plan , is to conduct the draught downwards instead of in the ordinary way ; and if the pile were constructed upon a base sloped from the centre to the exterior , this would allow of the draining of the tar , acetic acid , water ...
Seite 50
... common air , does not ascend with sufficient freedom to permit the oxygen of the latter to come in contact with the burning matter . In many manufactories where this article is required in powder , great care must be exercised , as it ...
... common air , does not ascend with sufficient freedom to permit the oxygen of the latter to come in contact with the burning matter . In many manufactories where this article is required in powder , great care must be exercised , as it ...
Inhalt
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Häufige Begriffe und Wortgruppen
alloy alumina ammonia amount apparatus aqua regia auriferous cannel carbide of hydrogen carbonic acid cent cetera charcoal charring chloride coal coke color combustion composition compound condensed containing copper crystal cubic feet cupel cylinder deposits diameter dissolved distillation effect employed fire flame flint-glass fuel furnace fusible fusion gases gelatin glass gold grains heat hundred hundredweight hydrochloric acid hydrogen ignited inches iron isinglass light lignite lime liquid litharge manganese manufacture mass material matter melted mercury metal method mineral mixed mixture moisture mould nitric acid nitrogen obtained olefiant gas operation oxalic acid oxide oxygen passes peat pipe placed plate portion potassa pots pounds precipitate produced proportion purified purpose quantity quartz retort sand silicate silicic acid silver soda solution specific gravity substance sulphate sulphuric acid surface temperature thickness tion tube vapor vessel volatile washing weight whilst wood
Beliebte Passagen
Seite 183 - ... the wind ; which might extend the sight of the philosopher to new ranges of existence, and charm him at one time with the unbounded extent of the material creation, and at another with the endless subordination of animal life ; and, what is yet of more importance, might supply the decays of nature, and succour old age with subsidiary sight. Thus was the first artificer in glass employed, though without his own knowledge or expectation. He was facilitating and prolonging the enjoyment of light,...
Seite 183 - ... of life, as would in time constitute a great part of the happiness of the world ? Yet by some such fortuitous liquefaction was mankind taught to procure a body at once in a high degree solid and transparent, which might admit the light of the sun, and exclude the violence of the wind ; which might extend the sight of the philosopher to new ranges of existence, and charm him at one time with the unbounded extent of the material creation, and at another with the endless subordination of animal...
Seite 183 - Who, when he saw the first sand or ashes, by a casual intenseness of heat, melted into a metalline form, rugged with excrescences, and clouded with impurities, would have imagined, that in this shapeless lump lay concealed so many conveniences of life, as would in time constitute a great part of the happiness of the world...
Seite 245 - Fuchs's method is as follows :{ — " ' Clean and washed quartz-sand is mixed with the smallest quantity of lime which will enable the plasterer to place it on the wall. The surface is then taken off with an iron scraper, in order to remove the layer formed in contact with the atmosphere ; the wall being still moist during this operation. The wall is then allowed to dry ; after drying it is just in the state in which it could be rubbed off by the finger. The wall has. now to be fixed, ie, moistened...
Seite 293 - Í an hour, so as to mix thoroughly ; and then the zinc is added in small grains by throwing it on the surface, and stirring till it is entirely fused : the crucible is then covered, and the fusion maintained for about 35 minutes. The surface is then skimmed, and the alloy...
Seite 246 - ... stereochrome over the real fresco (such as its admitting of being retouched and its dispensing with joinings), it appears that damp and atmospheric influences, notoriously destructive of real fresco, do not injure pictures executed by this process. " The following crucial experiment was made on one of these pictures : — It was suspended for twelve months in the open air, under the principal chimney of the New Museum at Berlin ; ' during that time it was exposed to sunshine, mist, snow, and...
Seite 225 - ... has remained during about fifteen days in these ovens, they are opened, and the contents withdrawn. The plates have then to undergo all the operations of squaring, grinding, polishing, and silvering, in order to fit them for sale. The first process — that of squaring and smoothing the edges — is performed by passing a rough diamond along the surface of the glass, guided by a square rule; the diamond cuts to a certain depth into the substance, when, by gently striking the glass with a small...
Seite 123 - ... charcoal that burned without flame, was blown up to whiteness by an explosive mixture containing the fire-damp, without producing its inflammation. An iron rod at the highest degree of red heat, and at the common degree of white heat, did not inflame explosive mixtures of the fire-damp; but, when in brilliant combustion, it produced the effect. The flame of gaseous oxide of carbon as well as of olefiant gas exploded the mixtures of the fire-damp.
Seite 245 - The wall must be left in such a condition as to be capable of receiving colors when afterwards painted on. If, as frequently happens, the wall has been too strongly fixed, the surface has to be removed with pumice, and to be fixed again. Being fixed in this manner, the wall is suffered to dry. Before the painter begins, he moistens the part on which . he purposes to work with distilled water, squirted on by a syringe.
Seite 245 - The formation of an insoluble cement by means of the water-glass, whenever the carbonic acid of the atmosphere acts on this substance, or whenever it is brought in contact with a lime-salt, has been applied by Fuchs to a most important purpose. The stereochrome is essentially the process of fresco...