generation no good thing can possibly come, and having Moses and the Prophets already, prepared to oppose to the bitter end any and every innovation upon the antique boundaries of tradition. On the other hand, there is a class very properly denominated "upstarts;" green and tender twigs upon the staunch old trees of the forest, rearing high their insignificant heads, rustling their little leaves aloft in haughtiness, and affecting an independence and superiority over the grand old trunks which have supplied them with all their nourishment and without whose constant support it would be utterly impossible for them to exist. It would be difficult | to decide which is the more deserving of contempt. One would put clogs upon the wheels of progress, while the other would place the cart before the horse intended to draw the load.

There is something of an excuse for jealousy, poor one though it be, when rivals are engaged simultaneously in building up their reputations. We are constrained to make a degree of allowance for the runner who, being about to be beaten in the race throws out his foot to trip up his success

though it be, such an act admits of some palliation, since heat of passion is amenable for many indiscretions which in its absence would never occur, but that this species of jealousy should exist and continue to incite hostility after one or both of the contestants have retired from the arena of action, is something far more strange and unreasonable. Macready, the great English tragedian, confessed, that it gave him actual pain to hear of a rising dramatic star, and though his own fame and fortune were forever assured, that he was so unhappily constituted he could not but look with displeasure and alarm upon every new triumph in the histrionic field, and consider it as a dangerous infringement upon his rights and possessions. An open confession is said to be good for the soul, and we instinctively admire Macready for the moral courage displayed in his acknowledgement. There are many individuals, equally unfortunate in disposition, who entirely lack his candor, and who, while working with might and main for the overthrow of a rival, would represent as their motive anything on earth excepting the base passion which actuates them. O. F. Whitney.

ALMA

CAMBRIDGE, England, stands in a spacious, delightful and fertile plain on the river Cam. Its University is one of the oldest; its records were burned in the Market Place by Wat Tyler, in the reign of Richard II. The university has a chancellor, under whom is a commissary who holds a court of record, a high steward, a vice-chancellor who is independent of the chancellor, and has the exercise of the government of the university; under him are two proctors, generally M. A's, and two taxers for weights and measures, a register, besides four beadles and a librarian. To the University belong sixteencolleges, Downing college having been built within the present century, founded by Sir John

Downing, Baronet, who left an estate of six thousand pounds per annum to endow it. There are halls or houses, with the same number of heads or masters; five hundred fellowships added to the masters, and in conjunction with them, have the oversight of the students, about seven hundred scholarships and four hundred and thirty-six exhibitions. The number of students is about two thousand.

All the colleges, only two excepted, lie around the skirts of the town, have a beautiful prospect into the fields, a pure air and fine gardens; the college walks and grounds are very beautiful, shaded by large ancient trees, whose whisperings seem to breathe of calm and seclu

sion, of the classical learning of by gone ages! Order is everywhere visible; the lawns have a soft velvet appearance, and the broad gravel walks invite crowds of pedestrians every day; for all are thrown open to the public, except for three days in the year, when their rights are established by the closing of the gates. The branch of the Cam meanders through these lovely grounds, and enhances their beauty, I might say sublimity.

Trinity and St. John's are the two head colleges, Byron was a student in the first, and there is a fine statue of him, presented by his executors to Trinity library, standing in the centre of the broad aisle, upon a pedestal of Parian marble, Thorwaldsen being the artist,and it is worthy his great name. The figure is reclining against a broken Corinthian pillar, with "Childe Harold" in the left hand, a pencil in the right, the point resting on the chin, the countenance upraised in meditation or in inspiration, and the tout ensemble is perfect. For many years this was the only public monument of England's great poet. The Bishop of London, a man of narrow mind, and pompous authority, having refused entombment of his remains in Westminster Abbey. This the prophetic mind of Byron had anticipated-and when only thirteen, the vision of his mind being open to the future-he wrote the truthful words "My epitaph shall be my name alone!" But within the last year, a splendid monument has been erected of him in Hamilton Gardens, the site having been given by the Queen, and the Hellenic marble, of which it is composed presented by Greece; Mr. Bell being the artist.

Milton also received his collegiate education in this university, at Christ's college, in the grounds of which he planted a mulberry tree, and which was still living a few years ago, guarded with religious care. This university has sent many bright and noble men into the world, as statesmen and divines, logicians and mathematicians, of which, one of the most renowned was Doctor Whewell; he was latterly master of Trinity college. The college to which each

student belongs, is designated by their academical dress, both in color and form, some being black and others dark blue; the make of the dress is also indicative. These dresses or "gowns," as they are called, are exceedingly classical and elegant, and the cap is equally so; a fellow commoner's gown is richly em broidered about the shoulders with gold thread, the cap bearing a heavy tassel of the same. Trinity gowns are embroidered in white lace, tassel to match; a Master of Arts wears a hat and a full gown of rich, heavy, black, Ottoman silk unadorned; the dresses worn in chapel also denote the different degrees and are beautiful, graceful and classical.

The architecture of some of the colleges is very fine. King's Chapel most especially is notable in this respect; it was built and endowed by Edward IV and is remarkable for its sublime elegance. The roof is of most unique structure without any pillars to support it; it appears as though drawn together in sections each being held by a keystone of a ton weight. The ante-chapel is divided from the inner, by a noble screen of exquisitely carved oak; the entrance in the centre being guarded by curtains of heavy scarlet cloth. The noble organ is placed on the centre of the screen, standing out in bold and grand relief. It would be impossible to describe the sublime beauty of this inner chapel in this brief sketch; but all that the mind can conceive of harmonious beauty may safely be indulged in, in an imaginative survey. I will endeavor to assist it a little. The interior is entirely of carved oak, stalls running up each side commencing with a reading desk, service being every afternoon at 3 o'clock. A student is selected to read the lessons for the day; one from the Bible, the other from the Testament, the choristers taking part in the services, and all wearing sur plices. The chapel is generally crowded, it being open to visitors. Will any smile ironically at this description? Indeed I should think very meanly of any man or woman I saw enter therein, without the most profound feeling of awe and veneration, and a con

viction that they were standing in a sanctuary somewhat worthy of the God of the Universe. The communion table fills up the entire end of the chapel. The altar piece being a fine painting by Rubens the subject being "Taking down from the Cross." It is truthful even to agony; several figures are assisting, and as sad mourners are "the three Marys." The windows of this magnificent chapel have a history of their own; they are of stained glass, and portray the birth, life, mission and death of the Savior; they are altogether exquisite, and, impulsively, every eye is raised to read their soul thrilling language. Cromwell with a sacreligious brutality turned this world renowned chapel into a stable for his cavalry horses, but his design being forestalled the windows were taken out, and hid away with religious care, till the enlightened age dawned upon that distracted country, when they were replaced and the chapel restored in all its pristine beauty and grandeur; and no appearance of decay is visible in, or on any part of it to-day.

The Senate House is in close proximity to this noble building, and St. Mary's, the University church, is directly opposite

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to it-the whole forming a fine quadrangle. The church has a most magnificent set of bells and the clock most musical chimes. In this vicinity are the public halls, the University or vice-chancellor's court house, and the University library, which extends over the halls, contains about forty-four thousand volumes, which were greatly augmented by George III, with the library of Dr. John Moor, Bishop of Ely, which consisted of thirty thousand volumes, and cost his majesty six thousand guineas, in acknowledgement of which the Senate directed a statue to be erected to him, which Lord Charles Townsend caused to be made of marble at his own expense. There, also over the halls, is a fine cabinet of natural curiosities collected and presented by Dr. John Woodward. There are also many statues of men, and some costly pictures, scattered about these ancient colleges. Prince Albert was installed Chancellor of the University in 1842, and held that office till his lamented demise. The heir apparent of the English crown graduated in that renowned seat of learning. The University sends two members to Parliament.

Rex.

II.

HAVING shown that many of the ancient Saints departed from the Plan of Salvation, we now proceed to examine another branch of the subject, namely: The external events in connection with the history of the church which conspired to overthrow the people of God. From the quotations made in the former article which state that "the love of many shall wax cold"; "many shall follow their pernicious ways" etc. it may be asked, What became of the few that were faithful? Did not they confer the authority of Heaven, upon a people in some remote corner of the earth? And from thence have they not continued the true Church down to the present time? In answer to these queries we shall refer

to the declarations contained in Holy Writ.

When the Savior made His appearance in the flesh there were many religious denominations extant, some of which professed a firm belief in the Bible— the Old Testament-notwithstanding the ancient prophets plainly foretold the birth and ministry of the Savior, the religious element bitterly opposed Him and denounced new revelation, as manifest through the Redeemer, as the masses of the human family always have done whenever the Almighty has introduced a new dispensation of the Gospel. The Lord fully understanding the result of this bitter persecution said to His Apostles; "Then shall they deliver you up to be afflicted, and shall kill you; and ye shall

be hated of all nations for my name's sake." Matt. 24-9. The vile treatment to which the Ancient Apostles were subject, and the final martyrdom of many of them, is evident to all who have acquainted themselves with the history of those inspired men; but scriptural evidence as to their destiny, in this respect is quite abundant. Mark says, 13th chapter 9th verse: "But take heed to yourselves; for they shall deliver you up to councils; and in the synagogues ye shall be beaten; and ye shall be brought before rulers, and kings for my sake, for a testimony against them." Another witness to this testimony of our Savior has also left us the following; "And ye shall be betrayed both by parents, and brethren, and kinsfolks, and friends and some of you shall they cause to be put to death." We have then the testimony of three witnesses bearing upon the same point.

It is a remarkable fact that in all ages of the world when the Lord has committed a dispensation of the Gospel to men upon the earth,that the Heavenly message has not only been rejected by the great majority of the human family; but the envy and hatred of many have been so excited as to instigate measures of violence against the humble servants of the Lord. Especially is this true when applied to the religious element; more directly to those who profess to be the public instructors of the people. Notice the action taken by the Pharisees, Sadducees, and other religious classes regarding the ancient Saints, for while the votaries of these sects were divided relative to points of doctrine and disagreed upon the writings of the Prophets, they combined their efforts to overthrow the chosen people. The Savior, indicating the class who would imbue their hands in the blood of the Prophets, said; "These things have I spoken unto you, that ye should not be offended. They shall put you out of the synagogues; yea the time cometh that whosoever killeth you will think that he doeth God service. John 16-1, 2. Now this could not apply to the atheistic world, for that denies the existence of God. It could

not mean the infidel class for while they may not deny the existence of a Supreme Being, they disavow all forms of worship.

On the other hand we see that the Savior's prediction was directed to the religious world, and from the facts of the case, it seems especially applicable to that portion of it, which claimed to believe in the writings of the ancient Prophets. Immediate revelation from Heaven has always come in contact with the vain traditions and religious crafts of men, so that the strictest professors of religion were anciently and are now among the foremost men in persecuting the Saints and seeking to deprive them of the rights and privileges which other men enjoy. In connection with the evidence found in the Holy Scriptures on this part of the subject, the thousands of Latter-day Saints, who have suffered by the hand of oppression in this dispensation of the Gospel, are living witnesses.

When the Revelator John, who was the last remaining of the quorum of the Twelve Apostles on the eastern hemisphere, was in banishment upon the Isle of Patmos, he saw the image of a beast, representing a power that should arise in the earth, make war with the Saints and overcome them". "And they worshipped the dragon which gave power unto the beast: and they worshipped the beast, saying, who is like unto the beast? who is able to make war with him? ** And he opened his mouth in blasphemy against God, to blaspheme His name, and His tabernacle, and them that dwell in heaven. And it was given unto him to make war with the Saints, and to overcome them: and power was given him over all kindreds, and tongues, and nations". This declaration of the Scriptures is very broad, indicating clearly that the Saints should be overcome and the power of the beast so extensive as to cover all "kindreds, tongues, and nations," thus leaving the people destitute of divine authority and bereft of the glorious plan of redemption.

By turning to the second chapter of Daniel we learn something with regard to the period of time when this power which made war with the Saints, and overcame

them should flourish in the earth.

The

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government. In a short time however

saw in his dream consisting of gold, silver, brass, iron and clay, we are told in the interpretation given by Daniel the Prophet, represented several kingdoms, beginning with Babylon, which we learn from history flourished in the fifth and sixth centuries before Christ; the second-the Medo Persian governments from about the year 538 to 331 B. C.; third-the Macedonian kingdom, founded by Alexander the Great from 331 to 161 B. C.; fourth-the Roman empire which flourished from 161 B. C. to 483 A. D. This last named government was represented in the metallic image by the two legs of iron, which resemble very much the two divisions of the Roman empire, the one having its seat of government at Rome the other at Constantinople, which subsequently sub-divided into the petty governments of modern Europe, having in them the elements of strength and weakness, as indicated by the feet and toes of the image, which were part of iron and part of clay. It will be discovered by the dates given above that it was during the time of the Roman empire that our Lord and Savior was born into the world. As early as the banishment of the Apostle John, about 96 A. D., we discover that the apostles forming the chief quorum of officers in the church of Christ had nearly all been martyred. We are informed in Mosheim's Ecclesiastical Institutes that 70 years A. D. Vespasian and his son Titus besieged the City of Jerusalem with an army, destroyed the city and the temple, and slew many of the inhabitants, this event having been predicted by the Savior, and recorded in Matthew xxiv.

In speaking of this power that should destroy the Saints, Daniel the Prophet says "And he shall speak great words against the most High and shall wear out the Saints of the most High." We might illustrate, how literally these prophecies were verified, by the following example. Previous to the late civil war in the American Union the South organized a republican form of government, with the requisite officers to constitute such a

the South and overcame them, so that the confederacy of that section, ceased to exist. Suppose that a stranger should visit the South at the present time and enquire of some person in that region of country, if they still have a republic entirely independent of the North, and on being answered: "We have, "the visitor queries. "Where is your President?" "Well he's done away with, because no longer needed." "He is next asked. "Where is your Vice President?" "Oh,we havenone." "Where is your Congress?" "Well, that was dissolved long ago; and has'nt existed since." "P ray then!" says the stranger "what have you left?" "Well we have a judge, and a policeman, besides the book, which gives a history of the officers, which you enquire about."

Such answers; however absurd, and inconsistent, are very similar to those offered by the religious world of to day, who claim to have the church of Christ but when asked; "Where are your Apostles?" They answer; "We have none, they're done away with." "Have you Prophets?" "Oh, no! They are no longer needed." "Do the members of your church enjoy the gifts of the Holy Spirit that Jesus promised should follow believers?" "Certainly not, they have passed away centuries ago, and we have no occasion for them now." "Well then, what have you left?" "Why, we have a Pastor, and a Deacon, and then we have the good book, the Holy Bible, that describes the officers that you mention."

It is very evident then from the condi. tion of affairs that we have briefly described, that at some period in the past, the Church of Jesus Christ, was taken from the earth, and the human family left without the plan of salvation. The prophecies we have quoted show, first; that such an event was to transpire some time in the future, secondly; about the period of time in which many of these predictions were verified, and, thirdly; the means or power by which the Saints were overcome. There are other prophecies contained in the Bible, which plainly show, that the results of the ancient apostacy would be