Middle Atmosphere Dynamics, Band 40

Cover
Academic Press, 28.09.1987 - 489 Seiten
For advanced undergraduate and beginning graduate students in atmospheric, oceanic, and climate science, Atmosphere, Ocean and Climate Dynamics is an introductory textbook on the circulations of the atmosphere and ocean and their interaction, with an emphasis on global scales. It will give students a good grasp of what the atmosphere and oceans look like on the large-scale and why they look that way. The role of the oceans in climate and paleoclimate is also discussed. The combination of observations, theory and accompanying illustrative laboratory experiments sets this text apart by making it accessible to students with no prior training in meteorology or oceanography.

* Written at a mathematical level that is appealing for undergraduates and
beginning graduate students
* Provides a useful educational tool through a combination of observations and
laboratory demonstrations which can be viewed over the web
* Contains instructions on how to reproduce the simple but informative
laboratory experiments
* Includes copious problems (with sample answers) to help students learn the
material.
 

Ausgewählte Seiten

Inhalt

Introduction
xi
Zonal Mean Temperature and Wind Distributions
4
Composition of the Middle Atmosphere
7
The Vertical Distribution of Eddy Amplitudes
13
Observational Techniques
16
References
18
Radiative Processes and Remote Sounding
19
Fundamentals
20
Theoretical Modeling of Sudden Warmings
273
References
292
The Extratropical ZonalMean Circulation
293
Some Simple Zonally Averaged Models of the Middle Atmosphere
296
The Upper Mesosphere
303
The Winter Polar Stratosphere
306
Interpretation and Generalization
307
References
309

Gaseous Absorption Spectra
28
Transmission Functions
47
Infrared Radiative Exchange and Radiative Damping
62
Departure from Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium
70
Absorption of Solar Radiation
80
Radiative Equilibrium Temperature and HeatingRate Distributions
89
Remote Sounding
97
References
108
Basic Dynamics
111
The BetaPlane Approximation and QuasiGeostrophic Theory
116
The EulerianMean Equations
121
Linearized Disturbances to ZonalMean Flows
123
The Transformed EulerianMean Equations
125
The Generalized EliassenPalm Theorem and the CharneyDrazin Nonacceleration Theorem
128
The Lagrangian Approach
131
Isentropic Coordinates
136
The ZonalMean Equations in Isentropic Coordinates
140
Derivation of Some Equations in Isentropic Coordinates
142
Boundary Conditions on the Residual Circulation
145
References
147
Linear Wave Theory
148
Wave Disturbances to a Resting Spherical Atmosphere
149
Atmospheric Thermal Tides
155
Free Traveling Planetary Waves
167
Forced Planetary Waves
173
Gravity Waves
186
Equatorial Waves
198
RayTracing Theory and Wave Action in a Slowly Varying Medium
213
References
216
Extratropical PlanetaryScale Circulations
218
The Observed Annual Cycle
219
Detailed Linear Models of Stationary Planetary Waves in the Middle Atmosphere
237
Detailed Linear Models of Free Traveling Planetary Waves in the Atmosphere
243
Barotropic and Baroclinic Instability
246
PlanetaryWave Critical Layers
251
References
255
Stratospheric Sudden Warmings
257
Observed Features of Sudden Warmings
259
Equatorial Circulations
311
The Observed Structure of the Equatorial QuasiBiennial Oscillation
312
Theory of the QuasiBiennial Oscillation
317
Observed Structure of the Equatorial Semiannual Oscillations
329
Dynamics of the Equatorial Semiannual Oscillations
331
Inertial Instability in the Equatorial Zone
336
References
339
Tracer Transport in the Middle Atmosphere
341
LongLived Chemical Tracers
345
Transport in the Meridional Plane
347
Formulations of Eddy and MeanFlow Transport
352
Dispersive Wave Transport Irreversible Mixing of Tracers
359
TroposphereStratosphere Exchange
369
Transport Modeling
375
The Transformed EulerianMean Transport for SmallAmplitude Eddies
388
References
389
The Ozone Layer
390
The Climatology of Ozone
391
Elementary Aspects of Photochemical Modeling
396
Photochemistry of Ozone Catalytic Cycles
401
Models of the Natural and Perturbed Ozone Layer
404
The Continuity Equation for Chemical Species
411
References
412
General Circulation Modeling
413
Models of the Lower Stratosphere
415
The GFDL SKYHI model
420
Forecasting of Sudden Stratospheric Warmings
426
Transport Modeling
431
References
440
Interaction between the Middle Atmosphere and the Lower Atmosphere
441
Radiative Links Deductions from Simple Models
442
Radiative Links Deductions from GCMs
444
Dynamical Links Vertically Propagating Planetary Waves
448
Interannual Variability in the Stratosphere
451
References
459
Bibliography
461
Index
481
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Autoren-Profil (1987)

James R. Holton was Professor of Atmospheric Sciences at the University of Washington until his death in 2004. A member of the National Academies of Science, during his career he was awarded every major honor available in the atmospheric sciences including AGU's Revelle Medal.

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